Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Site Tools

  • AAAS
  • Subscribe
  • Feedback

Site Search

Search Advanced

Science 25 June 1999:
Vol. 284. no. 5423, pp. 2148 - 2152
DOI: 10.1126/science.284.5423.2148
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Research Articles

EIN2, a Bifunctional Transducer of Ethylene and Stress Responses in Arabidopsis

Jose M. Alonso, * Takashi Hirayama, * Gregg Roman, * Saeid Nourizadeh, Joseph R. Ecker dagger

Ethylene regulates plant growth, development, and responsiveness to a variety of stresses. Cloning of the Arabidopsis EIN2 gene identifies a central component of the ethylene signaling pathway. The amino-terminal integral membrane domain of EIN2 shows similarity to the disease-related Nramp family of metal-ion transporters. Expression of the EIN2 CEND is sufficient to constitutively activate ethylene responses and restores responsiveness to jasmonic acid and paraquat-induced oxygen radicals to mutant plants. EIN2 is thus recognized as a molecular link between previously distinct hormone response pathways. Plants may use a combinatorial mechanism for assessing various stresses by enlisting a common set of signaling molecules.

Plant Science Institute, Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6018, USA.
*   These authors contributed equally to this work and are listed alphabetically.

dagger    To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jecker{at}atgenome.bio.upenn.edu

Read the Full Text


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Ripening-associated ethylene biosynthesis in tomato fruit is autocatalytically and developmentally regulated.
N. Yokotani, R. Nakano, S. Imanishi, M. Nagata, A. Inaba, and Y. Kubo (2009)
J. Exp. Bot.
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Recent advances in ethylene research.
Z. Lin, S. Zhong, and D. Grierson (2009)
J. Exp. Bot.
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Arabidopsis ASA1 Is Important for Jasmonate-Mediated Regulation of Auxin Biosynthesis and Transport during Lateral Root Formation.
J. Sun, Y. Xu, S. Ye, H. Jiang, Q. Chen, F. Liu, W. Zhou, R. Chen, X. Li, O. Tietz, et al. (2009)
PLANT CELL 21, 1495-1511
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcriptional Regulation of the Ethylene Response Factor LeERF2 in the Expression of Ethylene Biosynthesis Genes Controls Ethylene Production in Tomato and Tobacco.
Z. Zhang, H. Zhang, R. Quan, X.-C. Wang, and R. Huang (2009)
Plant Physiology 150, 365-377
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ethylene Modulates the Role of NONEXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES1 in Cross Talk between Salicylate and Jasmonate Signaling.
A. Leon-Reyes, S. H. Spoel, E. S. De Lange, H. Abe, M. Kobayashi, S. Tsuda, F. F. Millenaar, R. A.M. Welschen, T. Ritsema, and C. M.J. Pieterse (2009)
Plant Physiology 149, 1797-1809
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascades and Ethylene: Signaling, Biosynthesis, or Both?.
A. Hahn and K. Harter (2009)
Plant Physiology 149, 1207-1210
   Full Text »    PDF »
Trifurcate Feed-Forward Regulation of Age-Dependent Cell Death Involving miR164 in Arabidopsis.
J. H. Kim, H. R. Woo, J. Kim, P. O. Lim, I. C. Lee, S. H. Choi, D. Hwang, and H. G. Nam (2009)
Science 323, 1053-1057
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
F-box proteins regulate ethylene signaling and more.
X. Wang, H. Kong, and H. Ma (2009)
Genes & Dev. 23, 391-396
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Interplay between ethylene, ETP1/ETP2 F-box proteins, and degradation of EIN2 triggers ethylene responses in Arabidopsis.
H. Qiao, K. N. Chang, J. Yazaki, and J. R. Ecker (2009)
Genes & Dev. 23, 512-521
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Glucosinolate Metabolites Required for an Arabidopsis Innate Immune Response.
N. K. Clay, A. M. Adio, C. Denoux, G. Jander, and F. M. Ausubel (2009)
Science 323, 95-101
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
ARABIDOPSIS DEHISCENCE ZONE POLYGALACTURONASE1 (ADPG1), ADPG2, and QUARTET2 Are Polygalacturonases Required for Cell Separation during Reproductive Development in Arabidopsis.
M. Ogawa, P. Kay, S. Wilson, and S. M. Swain (2009)
PLANT CELL 21, 216-233
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Activation of MAPK Kinase 9 Induces Ethylene and Camalexin Biosynthesis and Enhances Sensitivity to Salt Stress in Arabidopsis.
J. Xu, Y. Li, Y. Wang, H. Liu, L. Lei, H. Yang, G. Liu, and D. Ren (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 26996-27006
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcriptome profiling of ripening nectarine (Prunus persica L. Batsch) fruit treated with 1-MCP.
F. Ziliotto, M. Begheldo, A. Rasori, C. Bonghi, and P. Tonutti (2008)
J. Exp. Bot. 59, 2781-2791
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The AP2/ERF Domain Transcription Factor ORA59 Integrates Jasmonic Acid and Ethylene Signals in Plant Defense.
M. Pre, M. Atallah, A. Champion, M. De Vos, C. M. J. Pieterse, and J. Memelink (2008)
Plant Physiology 147, 1347-1357
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Stress- and Pathogen-Induced Arabidopsis WRKY48 is a Transcriptional Activator that Represses Plant Basal Defense.
D. H. Xing, Z. B. Lai, Z. Y. Zheng, K. M. Vinod, B. F. Fan, and Z. X. Chen (2008)
Mol Plant
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ethylene-induced modulation of genes associated with the ethylene signalling pathway in ripening kiwifruit.
X.-r. Yin, K.-s. Chen, A. C. Allan, R.-m. Wu, B. Zhang, N. Lallu, and I. B. Ferguson (2008)
J. Exp. Bot. 59, 2097-2108
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Chemical Genetic Dissection of Brassinosteroid-Ethylene Interaction.
J. M. Gendron, A. Haque, N. Gendron, T. Chang, T. Asami, and Z.-Y. Wang (2008)
Mol Plant 1, 368-379
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tomato ethylene receptor-CTR interactions: visualization of NEVER-RIPE interactions with multiple CTRs at the endoplasmic reticulum.
S. Zhong, Z. Lin, and D. Grierson (2008)
J. Exp. Bot. 59, 965-972
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
To grow or not to grow: what can we learn on ethylene-gibberellin cross-talk by in silico gene expression analysis?.
J. Dugardeyn, F. Vandenbussche, and D. Van Der Straeten (2008)
J. Exp. Bot. 59, 1-16
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ethylene and the Regulation of Senescence Processes in Transgenic Nicotiana sylvestris Plants.
T. F. Yang, Z. H. Gonzalez-Carranza, M. J. Maunders, and J. A. Roberts (2008)
Ann. Bot. 101, 301-310
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Function of Jasmonate in Response and Tolerance of Arabidopsis to Thrip Feeding.
H. Abe, J. Ohnishi, M. Narusaka, S. Seo, Y. Narusaka, S. Tsuda, and M. Kobayashi (2008)
Plant Cell Physiol. 49, 68-80
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Involvement of EIN3 homologues in basic PR gene expression and flower development in tobacco plants.
T. Hibi, S. Kosugi, T. Iwai, M. Kawata, S. Seo, I. Mitsuhara, and Y. Ohashi (2007)
J. Exp. Bot.
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
HIF-1 regulates heritable variation and allele expression phenotypes of the macrophage immune response gene SLC11A1 from a Z-DNA forming microsatellite.
H. K. Bayele, C. Peyssonnaux, A. Giatromanolaki, W. W. Arrais-Silva, H. S. Mohamed, H. Collins, S. Giorgio, M. Koukourakis, R. S. Johnson, J. M. Blackwell, et al. (2007)
Blood 110, 3039-3048
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Isolation and characterization of four ethylene signal transduction elements in plums (Prunus salicina L.).
I. El-Sharkawy, W. S. Kim, A. El-Kereamy, S. Jayasankar, A. M. Svircev, and D. C. W. Brown (2007)
J. Exp. Bot. 58, 3631-3643
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ligand-induced Degradation of the Ethylene Receptor ETR2 through a Proteasome-dependent Pathway in Arabidopsis.
Y.-F. Chen, S. N. Shakeel, J. Bowers, X.-C. Zhao, N. Etheridge, and G. E. Schaller (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 24752-24758
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Signaling from an Altered Cell Wall to the Nucleus Mediates Sugar-Responsive Growth and Development in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Y. Li, C. Smith, F. Corke, L. Zheng, Z. Merali, P. Ryden, P. Derbyshire, K. Waldron, and M. W. Bevan (2007)
PLANT CELL 19, 2500-2515
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ethylene Modulates Stem Cell Division in the Arabidopsis thaliana Root.
O. Ortega-Martinez, M. Pernas, R. J. Carol, and L. Dolan (2007)
Science 317, 507-510
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Arabidopsis enhanced ethylene response 4 encodes an EIN3-interacting TFIID transcription factor required for proper ethylene response, including ERF1 induction.
L. M. Robles, J. S. Wampole, M. J. Christians, and P. B. Larsen (2007)
J. Exp. Bot. 58, 2627-2639
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Uncoupling light quality from light irradiance effects in Helianthus annuus shoots: putative roles for plant hormones in leaf and internode growth.
L. V. Kurepin, R. J. N. Emery, R. P. Pharis, and D. M. Reid (2007)
J. Exp. Bot. 58, 2145-2157
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mutational loss of the prohibitin AtPHB3 results in an extreme constitutive ethylene response phenotype coupled with partial loss of ethylene-inducible gene expression in Arabidopsis seedlings.
M. J. Christians and P. B. Larsen (2007)
J. Exp. Bot. 58, 2237-2248
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Arabidopsis Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase 71A13 Catalyzes the Conversion of Indole-3-Acetaldoxime in Camalexin Synthesis.
M. Nafisi, S. Goregaoker, C. J. Botanga, E. Glawischnig, C. E. Olsen, B. A. Halkier, and J. Glazebrook (2007)
PLANT CELL 19, 2039-2052
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mutations in LACS2, a Long-Chain Acyl-Coenzyme A Synthetase, Enhance Susceptibility to Avirulent Pseudomonas syringae But Confer Resistance to Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis.
D. Tang, M. T. Simonich, and R. W. Innes (2007)
Plant Physiology 144, 1093-1103
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The plant stress hormone ethylene controls floral transition via DELLA-dependent regulation of floral meristem-identity genes.
P. Achard, M. Baghour, A. Chapple, P. Hedden, D. Van Der Straeten, P. Genschik, T. Moritz, and N. P. Harberd (2007)
PNAS 104, 6484-6489
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mutual Regulation of Arabidopsis thaliana Ethylene-responsive Element Binding Protein and a Plant Floral Homeotic Gene, APETALA2.
T. Ogawa, H. Uchimiya, and M. Kawai-Yamada (2007)
Ann. Bot. 99, 239-244
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Arabidopsis EIN3 Binding F-Box Proteins EBF1 and EBF2 Have Distinct but Overlapping Roles in Ethylene Signaling.
B. M. Binder, J. M. Walker, J. M. Gagne, T. J. Emborg, G. Hemmann, A. B. Bleecker, and R. D. Vierstra (2007)
PLANT CELL 19, 509-523
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Modulation of Ethylene Responses Affects Plant Salt-Stress Responses.
W.-H. Cao, J. Liu, X.-J. He, R.-L. Mu, H.-L. Zhou, S.-Y. Chen, and J.-S. Zhang (2007)
Plant Physiology 143, 707-719
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
KEEP ON GOING, a RING E3 Ligase Essential for Arabidopsis Growth and Development, Is Involved in Abscisic Acid Signaling.
S. L. Stone, L. A. Williams, L. M. Farmer, R. D. Vierstra, and J. Callis (2006)
PLANT CELL 18, 3415-3428
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ethylene Stimulates Nutations That Are Dependent on the ETR1 Receptor.
B. M. Binder, R. C. O'Malley, W. Wang, T. C. Zutz, and A. B. Bleecker (2006)
Plant Physiology 142, 1690-1700
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Exoribonuclease XRN4 Is a Component of the Ethylene Response Pathway in Arabidopsis.
T. Potuschak, A. Vansiri, B. M. Binder, E. Lechner, R. D. Vierstra, and P. Genschik (2006)
PLANT CELL 18, 3047-3057
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Receptor Signal Output Mediated by the ETR1 N Terminus Is Primarily Subfamily I Receptor Dependent.
F. Xie, Q. Liu, and C.-K. Wen (2006)
Plant Physiology 142, 492-508
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inaugural Article: ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE5 encodes a 5'->3' exoribonuclease required for regulation of the EIN3-targeting F-box proteins EBF1/2.
G. Olmedo, H. Guo, B. D. Gregory, S. D. Nourizadeh, L. Aguilar-Henonin, H. Li, F. An, P. Guzman, and J. R. Ecker (2006)
PNAS 103, 13286-13293
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Postharvest heat and conditioning treatments activate different molecular responses and reduce chilling injuries in grapefruit.
M. Sapitnitskaya, P. Maul, G. T. McCollum, C. L. Guy, B. Weiss, A. Samach, and R. Porat (2006)
J. Exp. Bot. 57, 2943-2953
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
RNA Interference-Based Gene Silencing as an Efficient Tool for Functional Genomics in Hexaploid Bread Wheat.
S. Travella, T. E. Klimm, and B. Keller (2006)
Plant Physiology 142, 6-20
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcriptional regulation of ethylene receptor and CTR genes involved in ethylene-induced flower opening in cut rose (Rosa hybrida) cv. Samantha.
N. Ma, H. Tan, X. Liu, J. Xue, Y. Li, and J. Gao (2006)
J. Exp. Bot. 57, 2763-2773
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)