Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Science 11 June 1999:
Vol. 284. no. 5421, pp. 1835 - 1837
DOI: 10.1126/science.284.5421.1835
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Reports

The Nature of the Principal Type 1 Interferon-Producing Cells in Human Blood

Frederick P. Siegal, 1* Norimitsu Kadowaki, 2 Michael Shodell, 3 Patricia A. Fitzgerald-Bocarsly, 4 Kokila Shah, 1 Stephen Ho, 2 Svetlana Antonenko, 2 Yong-Jun Liu 2*

Interferons (IFNs) are the most important cytokines in antiviral immune responses. "Natural IFN-producing cells" (IPCs) in human blood express CD4 and major histocompatibility complex class II proteins, but have not been isolated and further characterized because of their rarity, rapid apoptosis, and lack of lineage markers. Purified IPCs are here shown to be the CD4+CD11c- type 2 dendritic cell precursors (pDC2s), which produce 200 to 1000 times more IFN than other blood cells after microbial challenge. pDC2s are thus an effector cell type of the immune system, critical for antiviral and antitumor immune responses.

1 Saint Vincents Hospital and Medical Center, New York, NY 10011, and Long Island Jewish Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA.
2 DNAX Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
3 The CW Post Campus of Long Island University, Brookville, NY 11548, USA.
4 University of Medicine and Dentistry, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Read the Full Text


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Modulation of human plasmacytoid DC function by IFN-{lambda}1 (IL-29).
N. J. Megjugorac, G. E. Gallagher, and G. Gallagher (2009)
J. Leukoc. Biol. 86, 1359-1363
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Control of Herpes Simplex Virus Replication Is Mediated through an Interferon Regulatory Factor 3-Dependent Pathway.
V. D. Menachery and D. A. Leib (2009)
J. Virol. 83, 12399-12406
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Evasion of the Mucosal Innate Immune System by Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2.
T. Peng, J. Zhu, A. Klock, K. Phasouk, M.-L. Huang, D. M. Koelle, A. Wald, and L. Corey (2009)
J. Virol. 83, 12559-12568
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
NOD2 Ligation Subverts IFN-{alpha} Production by Liver Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and Inhibits Their T Cell Allostimulatory Activity via B7-H1 Up-Regulation.
A. Castellaneta, T. L. Sumpter, L. Chen, D. Tokita, and A. W. Thomson (2009)
J. Immunol. 183, 6922-6932
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Survival and Migration of Human Dendritic Cells Are Regulated by an IFN-{alpha}-Inducible Axl/Gas6 Pathway.
S. Scutera, T. Fraone, T. Musso, P. Cappello, S. Rossi, D. Pierobon, Z. Orinska, R. Paus, S. Bulfone-Paus, and M. Giovarelli (2009)
J. Immunol. 183, 3004-3013
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-expressing mature human monocyte-derived dendritic cells expand potent autologous regulatory T cells.
D. J. Chung, M. Rossi, E. Romano, J. Ghith, J. Yuan, D. H. Munn, and J. W. Young (2009)
Blood 114, 555-563
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
In Vivo Lipopolysaccharide Exposure of Human Blood Leukocytes Induces Cross-Tolerance to Multiple TLR Ligands.
A. F. de Vos, J. M. Pater, P. S. van den Pangaart, M. D. de Kruif, C. van 't Veer, and T. van der Poll (2009)
J. Immunol. 183, 533-542
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
CD2 Distinguishes Two Subsets of Human Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells with Distinct Phenotype and Functions.
T. Matsui, J. E. Connolly, M. Michnevitz, D. Chaussabel, C.-I Yu, C. Glaser, S. Tindle, M. Pypaert, H. Freitas, B. Piqueras, et al. (2009)
J. Immunol. 182, 6815-6823
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Multiple Mechanisms Contribute to Impairment of Type 1 Interferon Production during Chronic Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infection of Mice.
L. N. Lee, S. Burke, M. Montoya, and P. Borrow (2009)
J. Immunol. 182, 7178-7189
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Desensitization to type I interferon in HIV-1 infection correlates with markers of immune activation and disease progression.
G. A. D. Hardy, S. F. Sieg, B. Rodriguez, W. Jiang, R. Asaad, M. M. Lederman, and C. V. Harding (2009)
Blood 113, 5497-5505
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Developmental regulation of MHC II expression and transport in human plasmacytoid-derived dendritic cells.
C. Sadaka, M.-A. Marloie-Provost, V. Soumelis, and P. Benaroch (2009)
Blood 113, 2127-2135
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Differential Migration of Epidermal and Dermal Dendritic Cells during Skin Infection.
L. Eidsmo, R. Allan, I. Caminschi, N. van Rooijen, W. R. Heath, and F. R. Carbone (2009)
J. Immunol. 182, 3165-3172
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role for Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in the Immune Control of Recurrent Human Herpes Simplex Virus Infection.
H. Donaghy, L. Bosnjak, A. N. Harman, V. Marsden, S. K. Tyring, T.-C. Meng, and A. L. Cunningham (2009)
J. Virol. 83, 1952-1961
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Modulation of dendritic cell function by persistent viruses.
B. Liu, A. M. Woltman, H. L. A. Janssen, and A. Boonstra (2009)
J. Leukoc. Biol. 85, 205-214
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
TLR4 Ligands Induce IFN-{alpha} Production by Mouse Conventional Dendritic Cells and Human Monocytes after IFN-{beta} Priming.
C. Richez, K. Yasuda, A. A. Watkins, S. Akira, R. Lafyatis, J. M. van Seventer, and I. R. Rifkin (2009)
J. Immunol. 182, 820-828
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mouse Hepatitis Virus Liver Pathology Is Dependent on ADP-Ribose-1''-Phosphatase, a Viral Function Conserved in the Alpha-Like Supergroup.
K. K. Eriksson, L. Cervantes-Barragan, B. Ludewig, and V. Thiel (2008)
J. Virol. 82, 12325-12334
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human dendritic cell line models for DC differentiation and clinical DC vaccination studies.
S. J. A. M. Santegoets, A. J. M. van den Eertwegh, A. A. van de Loosdrecht, R. J. Scheper, and T. D. de Gruijl (2008)
J. Leukoc. Biol. 84, 1364-1373
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dysregulation of CXCR3 Signaling due to CXCL10 Deficiency Impairs the Antiviral Response to Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Infection.
T. R. Wuest and D. J. J. Carr (2008)
J. Immunol. 181, 7985-7993
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Primary infection with simian immunodeficiency virus: plasmacytoid dendritic cell homing to lymph nodes, type I interferon, and immune suppression.
B. Malleret, B. Maneglier, I. Karlsson, P. Lebon, M. Nascimbeni, L. Perie, P. Brochard, B. Delache, J. Calvo, T. Andrieu, et al. (2008)
Blood 112, 4598-4608
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tolerogenic dendritic cells for autoimmune disease and transplantation.
A W Thomson and P D Robbins (2008)
Ann Rheum Dis 67, iii90-iii96
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Aging Impairs IFN Regulatory Factor 7 Up-Regulation in Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells during TLR9 Activation.
H. W. Stout-Delgado, X. Yang, W. E. Walker, B. M. Tesar, and D. R. Goldstein (2008)
J. Immunol. 181, 6747-6756
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Multiple sclerosis: reduced proportion of circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells expressing BDCA-2 and BDCA-4 and reduced production of IL-6 and IL-10 in response to herpes simplex virus type 1.
A Sanna, Y. Huang, G Arru, M. Fois, H Link, G Rosati, and S Sotgiu (2008)
Multiple Sclerosis 14, 1199-1207
   Abstract »    PDF »
Host Defense Peptides in the Oral Cavity and the Lung: Similarities and Differences.
G. Diamond, N. Beckloff, and L.K. Ryan (2008)
Journal of Dental Research 87, 915-927
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genomic Analysis Reveals Age-Dependent Innate Immune Responses to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
T. Baas, A. Roberts, T. H. Teal, L. Vogel, J. Chen, T. M. Tumpey, M. G. Katze, and K. Subbarao (2008)
J. Virol. 82, 9465-9476
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Activation Is Based on an IgG-Mediated Memory Response.
M. Parcina, C. Wendt, F. Goetz, R. Zawatzky, U. Zahringer, K. Heeg, and I. Bekeredjian-Ding (2008)
J. Immunol. 181, 3823-3833
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Nonstructural Proteins 1 and 2 of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Suppress Maturation of Human Dendritic Cells.
S. Munir, C. Le Nouen, C. Luongo, U. J. Buchholz, P. L. Collins, and A. Bukreyev (2008)
J. Virol. 82, 8780-8796
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
CD4 Binding Affinity Determines Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Induced Alpha Interferon Production in Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells.
S. Haupt, N. Donhauser, C. Chaipan, P. Schuster, B. Puffer, R. S. Daniels, T. C. Greenough, F. Kirchhoff, and B. Schmidt (2008)
J. Virol. 82, 8900-8905
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Induction of CD83+CD14+ Nondendritic Antigen-Presenting Cells by Exposure of Monocytes to IFN-{alpha}.
G. Gerlini, G. Mariotti, A. Chiarugi, P. Di Gennaro, R. Caporale, A. Parenti, L. Cavone, A. Tun-Kyi, F. Prignano, R. Saccardi, et al. (2008)
J. Immunol. 181, 2999-3008
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Interferon-{alpha} initiates type 1 diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice.
Q. Li, B. Xu, S. A. Michie, K. H. Rubins, R. D. Schreriber, and H. O. McDevitt (2008)
PNAS 105, 12439-12444
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Impaired Restoration of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in HIV-1-Infected Patients with Poor CD4 T Cell Reconstitution Is Associated with Decrease in Capacity to Produce IFN-{alpha} but Not Proinflammatory Cytokines.
N. Sachdeva, V. Asthana, T. H. Brewer, D. Garcia, and D. Asthana (2008)
J. Immunol. 181, 2887-2897
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Systemic lupus erythematosus patients have increased number of circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells, but decreased myeloid dendritic cells with deficient CD83 expression.
O. Jin, S. Kavikondala, L. Sun, R. Fu, M.-Y. Mok, A. Chan, J. Yeung, and C.-S. Lau (2008)
Lupus 17, 654-662
   Abstract »    PDF »
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Dynamics and Alpha Interferon Production during Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection with a Nonpathogenic Outcome.
O. M. Diop, M. J.-Y. Ploquin, L. Mortara, A. Faye, B. Jacquelin, D. Kunkel, P. Lebon, C. Butor, A. Hosmalin, F. Barre-Sinoussi, et al. (2008)
J. Virol. 82, 5145-5152
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Glycoprotein-Dependent and TLR2-Independent Innate Immune Recognition of Herpes Simplex Virus-1 by Dendritic Cells.
A. Reske, G. Pollara, C. Krummenacher, D. R. Katz, and B. M. Chain (2008)
J. Immunol. 180, 7525-7536
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Systemic lupus erythematosus..
G. Pappas, A. Granito, F. B. Bianchi, M. Mohty, D. A. Isenberg, and A. Rahman (2008)
N. Engl. J. Med. 358, 2412-2413
   Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Characterization of Murine Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 (IRF-5) and Its Role in the Innate Antiviral Response.
A. Paun, J. T. Reinert, Z. Jiang, C. Medin, M. Y. Balkhi, K. A. Fitzgerald, and P. M. Pitha (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 14295-14308
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The innate immune system in SLE: type I interferons and dendritic cells.
L Ronnblom and V Pascual (2008)
Lupus 17, 394-399
   Abstract »    PDF »
The orthopoxvirus type I IFN binding protein is essential for virulence and an effective target for vaccination.
R.-H. Xu, M. Cohen, Y. Tang, E. Lazear, J. C. Whitbeck, R. J. Eisenberg, G. H. Cohen, and L. J. Sigal (2008)
J. Exp. Med. 205, 981-992
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovium Contains Two Subsets of CD83-DC-LAMP- Dendritic Cells with Distinct Cytokine Profiles.
M. C. Lebre, S. L. Jongbloed, S. W. Tas, T. J.M. Smeets, I. B. McInnes, and P. P. Tak (2008)
Am. J. Pathol. 172, 940-950
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Control of IFN-{alpha}A by CD73: Implications for Mucosal Inflammation.
N. A. Louis, A. M. Robinson, C. F. MacManus, J. Karhausen, M. Scully, and S. P. Colgan (2008)
J. Immunol. 180, 4246-4255
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
HIV-1 matrix protein p17 induces human plasmacytoid dendritic cells to acquire a migratory immature cell phenotype.
S. Fiorentini, E. Riboldi, F. Facchetti, M. Avolio, M. Fabbri, G. Tosti, P. D. Becker, C. A. Guzman, S. Sozzani, and A. Caruso (2008)
PNAS 105, 3867-3872
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
APOBEC3G upregulation by alpha interferon restricts human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in human peripheral plasmacytoid dendritic cells.
F.-x. Wang, J. Huang, H. Zhang, X. Ma, and H. Zhang (2008)
J. Gen. Virol. 89, 722-730
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Streptococcus pyogenes activates human plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells.
V. Veckman and I. Julkunen (2008)
J. Leukoc. Biol. 83, 296-304
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
IFN-{alpha} Skews Monocytes into CD56+-Expressing Dendritic Cells with Potent Functional Activities In Vitro and In Vivo.
C. Papewalis, B. Jacobs, M. Wuttke, E. Ullrich, T. Baehring, R. Fenk, H. S. Willenberg, S. Schinner, M. Cohnen, J. Seissler, et al. (2008)
J. Immunol. 180, 1462-1470
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Bone Marrow of Pig-Tailed Macaques.
R. K. Reeves and P. N. Fultz (2008)
Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 15, 35-41
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
SAGE library screening reveals ILT7 as a specific plasmacytoid dendritic cell marker that regulates type I IFN production.
M. Cho, K. Ishida, J. Chen, J. Ohkawa, W. Chen, S. Namiki, A. Kotaki, N. Arai, K.-i. Arai, and Y. Kamogawa-Schifter (2008)
Int. Immunol. 20, 155-164
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Differential Activation of Human Monocyte-Derived and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells by West Nile Virus Generated in Different Host Cells.
M. C. Silva, A. Guerrero-Plata, F. D. Gilfoy, R. P. Garofalo, and P. W. Mason (2007)
J. Virol. 81, 13640-13648
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Type I Interferon Production during Herpes Simplex Virus Infection Is Controlled by Cell-Type-Specific Viral Recognition through Toll-Like Receptor 9, the Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein Pathway, and Novel Recognition Systems.
S. B. Rasmussen, L. N. Sorensen, L. Malmgaard, N. Ank, J. D. Baines, Z. J. Chen, and S. R. Paludan (2007)
J. Virol. 81, 13315-13324
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Balancing between immunity and tolerance: an interplay between dendritic cells, regulatory T cells, and effector T cells.
N. Cools, P. Ponsaerts, V. F. I. Van Tendeloo, and Z. N. Berneman (2007)
J. Leukoc. Biol. 82, 1365-1374
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Kinetics of recovery of dendritic cell subsets after reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic stem cell transplantation and clinical outcome.
C. Talarn, A. Urbano-Ispizua, R. Martino, J. A. Perez-Simon, M. Batlle, C. Herrera, M. Granell, A. Gaya, M. Torrebadell, F. Fernandez-Aviles, et al. (2007)
Haematologica 92, 1655-1663
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Proposed immunologic models of the inflammatory myopathies and potential therapeutic implications.
S. A. Greenberg (2007)
Neurology 69, 2008-2019
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The developmental program of human dendritic cells is operated independently of conventional myeloid and lymphoid pathways.
F. Ishikawa, H. Niiro, T. Iino, S. Yoshida, N. Saito, S. Onohara, T. Miyamoto, H. Minagawa, S.-i. Fujii, L. D. Shultz, et al. (2007)
Blood 110, 3591-3660
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
IFN-{alpha}beta-Mediated Inflammatory Responses and Antiviral Defense in Liver Is TLR9-Independent but MyD88-Dependent during Murine Cytomegalovirus Infection.
K. L. Hokeness-Antonelli, M. J. Crane, A. M. Dragoi, W.-M. Chu, and T. P. Salazar-Mather (2007)
J. Immunol. 179, 6176-6183
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
HIV turns plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) into TRAIL-expressing killer pDC and down-regulates HIV coreceptors by Toll-like receptor 7-induced IFN-{alpha}.
A. W. Hardy, D. R. Graham, G. M. Shearer, and J.-P. Herbeuval (2007)
PNAS 104, 17453-17458
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Effects of Type I Interferons on the Adjuvant Properties of Plasmid Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor In Vivo.
L. Qin, J. R. Greenland, C. Moriya, M. J. Cayabyab, and N. L. Letvin (2007)
J. Virol. 81, 10606-10613
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Interferon at 50: New Molecules, New Potential, New (and Old) Questions.
J. A. Langer (2007)
Sci. STKE 2007, pe53
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Differential Type I Interferon Induction by Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza A Virus In Vivo.
N. A. Jewell, N. Vaghefi, S. E. Mertz, P. Akter, R. S. Peebles Jr., L. O. Bakaletz, R. K. Durbin, E. Flano, and J. E. Durbin (2007)
J. Virol. 81, 9790-9800
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
IFN-{alpha} Is Not Sufficient to Drive Th1 Development Due to Lack of Stable T-bet Expression.
H. J. Ramos, A. M. Davis, T. C. George, and J. D. Farrar (2007)
J. Immunol. 179, 3792-3803
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of a Second Group of Type I IFNs in Fish Sheds Light on IFN Evolution in Vertebrates.
J. Zou, C. Tafalla, J. Truckle, and C. J. Secombes (2007)
J. Immunol. 179, 3859-3871
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Impaired Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Innate Immune Responses in Patients with Herpes Virus-Associated Acute Retinal Necrosis.
N. A. Kittan, A. Bergua, S. Haupt, N. Donhauser, P. Schuster, K. Korn, T. Harrer, and B. Schmidt (2007)
J. Immunol. 179, 4219-4230
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Safety and Activity of the Immune Modulator HE2000 on the Incidence of Tuberculosis and Other Opportunistic Infections in AIDS Patients.
D. R. Stickney, Z. Noveljic, A. Garsd, D. A. Destiche, and J. M. Frincke (2007)
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 2639-2641
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Exposure of Myeloid Dendritic Cells to Exogenous or Endogenous IL-10 during Maturation Determines Their Longevity.
W. L. W. Chang, N. Baumgarth, M. K. Eberhardt, C. Y. D. Lee, C. A. Baron, J. P. Gregg, and P. A. Barry (2007)
J. Immunol. 178, 7794-7804
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Plasmacytoid DCs regulate recall responses by rapid induction of IL-10 in memory T cells.
E. O. Kvale, Y. Floisand, F. Lund-Johansen, H. Rollag, L. Farkas, S. Ghanekar, P. Brandtzaeg, F. L. Jahnsen, and J. Olweus (2007)
Blood 109, 3369-3376
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
CCR9 is a homing receptor for plasmacytoid dendritic cells to the small intestine.
M. Wendland, N. Czeloth, N. Mach, B. Malissen, E. Kremmer, O. Pabst, and R. Forster (2007)
PNAS 104, 6347-6352
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Natural and Synthetic TLR7 Ligands Inhibit CpG-A- and CpG-C-Oligodeoxynucleotide-Induced IFN-{alpha} Production.
B. Berghofer, G. Haley, T. Frommer, G. Bein, and H. Hackstein (2007)
J. Immunol. 178, 4072-4079
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Preferential Activation of Toll-Like Receptor Nine by CD46-Utilizing Adenoviruses.
M. Iacobelli-Martinez and G. R. Nemerow (2007)
J. Virol. 81, 1305-1312
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Control of coronavirus infection through plasmacytoid dendritic-cell-derived type I interferon.
L. Cervantes-Barragan, R. Zust, F. Weber, M. Spiegel, K. S. Lang, S. Akira, V. Thiel, and B. Ludewig (2007)
Blood 109, 1131-1137
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ikaros is required for plasmacytoid dendritic cell differentiation.
D. Allman, M. Dalod, C. Asselin-Paturel, T. Delale, S. H. Robbins, G. Trinchieri, C. A. Biron, P. Kastner, and S. Chan (2006)
Blood 108, 4025-4034
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Diminished Production of Monocyte Proinflammatory Cytokines during Human Immunodeficiency Virus Viremia Is Mediated by Type I Interferons.
J. C. Tilton, A. J. Johnson, M. R. Luskin, M. M. Manion, J. Yang, J. W. Adelsberger, R. A. Lempicki, C. W. Hallahan, M. McLaughlin, J. M. Mican, et al. (2006)
J. Virol. 80, 11486-11497
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human monocyte-derived dendritic cells express TLR9 and react directly to the CpG-A oligonucleotide D19.
V. Hoene, M. Peiser, and R. Wanner (2006)
J. Leukoc. Biol. 80, 1328-1336
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Quantitative and Functional Differences between Peripheral Blood Myeloid Dendritic Cells from Patients with Pleural and Parenchymal Lung Tuberculosis.
M. Mendelson, W. A. Hanekom, S. Ntutela, M. Vogt, L. Steyn, G. Maartens, and G. Kaplan (2006)
Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 13, 1299-1306
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Macrophages and Myeloid Dendritic Cells, but Not Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells, Produce IL-10 in Response to MyD88- and TRIF-Dependent TLR Signals, and TLR-Independent Signals.
A. Boonstra, R. Rajsbaum, M. Holman, R. Marques, C. Asselin-Paturel, J. P. Pereira, E. E. M. Bates, S. Akira, P. Vieira, Y.-J. Liu, et al. (2006)
J. Immunol. 177, 7551-7558
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Stimulated plasmacytoid dendritic cells impair human T-cell development.
H. Schmidlin, W. Dontje, F. Groot, S. J. Ligthart, A. D. Colantonio, M. E. Oud, E. J. Schilder-Tol, M. Spaargaren, H. Spits, C. H. Uittenbogaart, et al. (2006)
Blood 108, 3792-3800
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Core Protein-Induced, Monocyte-Mediated Mechanisms of Reduced IFN-{alpha} and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Loss in Chronic HCV Infection.
A. Dolganiuc, S. Chang, K. Kodys, P. Mandrekar, G. Bakis, M. Cormier, and G. Szabo (2006)
J. Immunol. 177, 6758-6768
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Type I interferon production in HIV-infected patients.
A. Hosmalin and P. Lebon (2006)
J. Leukoc. Biol. 80, 984-993
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
HIV interactions with dendritic cells: has our focus been too narrow?.
H. Donaghy, J. Wilkinson, and A. L. Cunningham (2006)
J. Leukoc. Biol. 80, 1001-1012
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Analysis of Plasmacytoid and Myeloid Dendritic Cells in Nasal Epithelium.
E. Hartmann, H. Graefe, A. Hopert, R. Pries, S. Rothenfusser, H. Poeck, B. Mack, S. Endres, G. Hartmann, and B. Wollenberg (2006)
Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 13, 1278-1286
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Receptor Cross-Linking on Human Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Leads to the Regulation of IFN-{alpha} Production.
S. L. Fanning, T. C. George, D. Feng, S. B. Feldman, N. J. Megjugorac, A. G. Izaguirre, and P. Fitzgerald-Bocarsly (2006)
J. Immunol. 177, 5829-5839
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Anti-HIV State but Not Apoptosis Depends on IFN Signature in CD4+ T Cells.
A. Audige, M. Urosevic, E. Schlaepfer, R. Walker, D. Powell, S. Hallenberger, H. Joller, H.-U. Simon, R. Dummer, and R. F. Speck (2006)
J. Immunol. 177, 6227-6237
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Innate Immunity in Multiple Sclerosis: Myeloid Dendritic Cells in Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Are Activated and Drive a Proinflammatory Immune Response.
A. Karni, M. Abraham, A. Monsonego, G. Cai, G. J. Freeman, D. Hafler, S. J. Khoury, and H. L. Weiner (2006)
J. Immunol. 177, 4196-4202
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Immunesurveillance by dendritic cells: potential implication for immunotherapy of endocrine cancers..
M. Schott (2006)
Endocr. Relat. Cancer 13, 779-795
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Role of IFN-{alpha} and Nitric Oxide in the Release of HMGB1 by RAW 264.7 Cells Stimulated with Polyinosinic-Polycytidylic Acid or Lipopolysaccharide..
W. Jiang and D. S. Pisetsky (2006)
J. Immunol. 177, 3337-3343
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
TLR7 Ligands Induce Higher IFN-{alpha} Production in Females.
B. Berghofer, T. Frommer, G. Haley, L. Fink, G. Bein, and H. Hackstein (2006)
J. Immunol. 177, 2088-2096
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Distinct Responses of Lung and Spleen Dendritic Cells to the TLR9 Agonist CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide.
L. Chen, M. Arora, M. Yarlagadda, T. B. Oriss, N. Krishnamoorthy, A. Ray, and P. Ray (2006)
J. Immunol. 177, 2373-2383
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Properties regulating the nature of the plasmacytoid dendritic cell response to Toll-like receptor 9 activation.
C. Guiducci, G. Ott, J. H. Chan, E. Damon, C. Calacsan, T. Matray, K.-D. Lee, R. L. Coffman, and F. J. Barrat (2006)
J. Exp. Med. 203, 1999-2008
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Activation of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells with TLR9 Agonists Initiates Invariant NKT Cell-Mediated Cross-Talk with Myeloid Dendritic Cells.
C. J. Montoya, H.-B. Jie, L. Al-Harthi, C. Mulder, P. J. Patino, M. T. Rugeles, A. M. Krieg, A. L. Landay, and S. B. Wilson (2006)
J. Immunol. 177, 1028-1039
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Plasmacytoid dendritic cell-specific receptor ILT7-Fc{varepsilon}RI{gamma} inhibits Toll-like receptor-induced interferon production.
W. Cao, D. B. Rosen, T. Ito, L. Bover, M. Bao, G. Watanabe, Z. Yao, L. Zhang, L. L. Lanier, and Y.-J. Liu (2006)
J. Exp. Med. 203, 1399-1405
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inhibition of dsRNA-induced signaling in hepatitis C virus-infected cells by NS3 protease-dependent and -independent mechanisms.
G. Cheng, J. Zhong, and F. V. Chisari (2006)
PNAS 103, 8499-8504
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Neurons produce type I interferon during viral encephalitis.
S. Delhaye, S. Paul, G. Blakqori, M. Minet, F. Weber, P. Staeheli, and T. Michiels (2006)
PNAS 103, 7835-7840
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Differential expression of IFN-{alpha} and TRAIL/DR5 in lymphoid tissue of progressor versus nonprogressor HIV-1-infected patients.
J.-P. Herbeuval, J. Nilsson, A. Boasso, A. W. Hardy, M. J. Kruhlak, S. A. Anderson, M. J. Dolan, M. Dy, J. Andersson, and G. M. Shearer (2006)
PNAS 103, 7000-7005
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Lambda Interferon (IFN-{lambda}), a Type III IFN, Is Induced by Viruses and IFNs and Displays Potent Antiviral Activity against Select Virus Infections In Vivo.
N. Ank, H. West, C. Bartholdy, K. Eriksson, A. R. Thomsen, and S. R. Paludan (2006)
J. Virol. 80, 4501-4509
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Alpha and lambda interferon together mediate suppression of CD4 T cells induced by respiratory syncytial virus..
B. Chi, H. L. Dickensheets, K. M. Spann, M. A. Alston, C. Luongo, L. Dumoutier, J. Huang, J.-C. Renauld, S. V. Kotenko, M. Roederer, et al. (2006)
J. Virol. 80, 5032-5040
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Differential Restoration of Myeloid and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in HIV-1-Infected Children after Treatment with Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy.
Z. Zhang, J. Fu, Q. Zhao, Y. He, L. Jin, H. Zhang, J. Yao, L. Zhang, and F.-S. Wang (2006)
J. Immunol. 176, 5644-5651
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Impaired maturation and altered regulatory function of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in multiple sclerosis.
M. Stasiolek, A. Bayas, N. Kruse, A. Wieczarkowiecz, K. V. Toyka, R. Gold, and K. Selmaj (2006)
Brain 129, 1293-1305
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human plasmacytoid predendritic cells activate NK cells through glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor-ligand (GITRL).
S. Hanabuchi, N. Watanabe, Y.-H. Wang, Y.-H. Wang, T. Ito, J. Shaw, W. Cao, F. X.-F. Qin, and Y.-J. Liu (2006)
Blood 107, 3617-3623
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cutting edge: CD8 T cells specific for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus require type I IFN receptor for clonal expansion..
P. Aichele, H. Unsoeld, M. Koschella, O. Schweier, U. Kalinke, and S. Vucikuja (2006)
J. Immunol. 176, 4525-4529
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dendritic Cells and HIV Infection: Activating Dendritic Cells to Boost Immunity.
N. Teleshova, J. Kenney, and M. Robbiani (2006)
Advances in Dental Research 19, 36-41
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)