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Science 4 June 1999:
Vol. 284. no. 5420, pp. 1661 - 1663
DOI: 10.1126/science.284.5420.1661
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Reports
Contribution of Gular Pumping to Lung Ventilation in Monitor Lizards
Tomasz Owerkowicz,
1*
Colleen G. Farmer,
2
James W. Hicks,
2
Elizabeth L. Brainerd
3
A controversial hypothesis has proposed that lizards are subject to
a speed-dependent axial constraint that prevents effective lung
ventilation during moderate- and high-speed locomotion. This hypothesis
has been challenged by results demonstrating that monitor lizards
(genus Varanus) experience no axial constraint. Evidence presented here shows that, during locomotion, varanids use a positive pressure gular pump to assist lung ventilation. Disabling the gular
pump reveals that the axial constraint is present in varanids but it is
masked by gular pumping under normal conditions. These findings support
the prediction that the axial constraint may be found in other
tetrapods that breathe by costal aspiration and locomote with a lateral
undulatory gait.
1 Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University,
Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
2 Department of Ecology and
Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
3 Department of Biology and Program in Organismic and
Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
*
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
towerkow{at}oeb.harvard.edu
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