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Science 30 April 1999:
Vol. 284. no. 5415, pp. 800 - 802
DOI: 10.1126/science.284.5415.800
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Reports

Morphological Clues from Multilegged Frogs: Are Retinoids to Blame?

Stanley K. Sessions, * R. Adam Franssen, Vanessa L. Horner

Morphological analysis was performed on multilegged deformed frogs representing five species from 12 different localities in California, Oregon, Arizona, and New York. The pattern of duplicated limbs was consistent with mechanical perturbation by trematode infestation but not with the effects of retinoids.

Department of Biology, Hartwick College, Oneonta, NY 13820, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: sessionss{at}hartwick.edu

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THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Aquatic eutrophication promotes pathogenic infection in amphibians.
P. T. J. Johnson, J. M. Chase, K. L. Dosch, R. B. Hartson, J. A. Gross, D. J. Larson, D. R. Sutherland, and S. R. Carpenter (2007)
PNAS 104, 15781-15786
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Drosophila: Sentinels of Environmental Toxicants.
T. G. Wilson (2005)
Integr. Comp. Biol. 45, 127-136
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From the Cover: Synergism between trematode infection and pesticide exposure: A link to amphibian limb deformities in nature?.
J. M. Kiesecker (2002)
PNAS 99, 9900-9904
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The Effect of Trematode Infection on Amphibian Limb Development and Survivorship.
P. T. Johnson, K. B. Lunde, E. G. Ritchie, and A. E. Launer (1999)
Science 284, 802-804
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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)