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Science 16 April 1999:
Vol. 284. no. 5413, pp. 502 - 504
DOI: 10.1126/science.284.5413.502
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Reports

Regulation of Mammalian Circadian Behavior by Non-rod, Non-cone, Ocular Photoreceptors

Melanie S. Freedman, 1 Robert J. Lucas, 1 Bobby Soni, 1 Malcolm von Schantz, 1* Marta Muñoz, 2 Zoë David-Gray, 1 Russell Foster 1dagger

Circadian rhythms of mammals are entrained by light to follow the daily solar cycle (photoentrainment). To determine whether retinal rods and cones are required for this response, the effects of light on the regulation of circadian wheel-running behavior were examined in mice lacking these photoreceptors. Mice without cones (cl) or without both rods and cones (rdta/cl) showed unattenuated phase-shifting responses to light. Removal of the eyes abolishes this behavior. Thus, neither rods nor cones are required for photoentrainment, and the murine eye contains additional photoreceptors that regulate the circadian clock.

1 Department of Biology, Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
2 Departmento de Morfologia y Biologia Cellular, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain 33072.
*   Present address: School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5XH, UK.

dagger    To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: r.foster{at}ic.ac.uk

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