Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Science 26 March 1999:
Vol. 283. no. 5410, pp. 2080 - 2082
DOI: 10.1126/science.283.5410.2080
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Reports

Requirement of Type III TGF-beta Receptor for Endocardial Cell Transformation in the Heart

Christopher B. Brown, 1 Angelique S. Boyer, 2 Raymond B. Runyan, 2 Joey V. Barnett 3*

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta ) signaling is mediated by a complex of type I (TBRI) and type II (TBRII) receptors. The type III receptor (TBRIII) lacks a recognizable signaling domain and has no clearly defined role in TGF-beta signaling. Cardiac endothelial cells that undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transformation express TBRIII, and here TBRIII-specific antisera were found to inhibit mesenchyme formation and migration in atrioventricular cushion explants. Misexpression of TBRIII in nontransforming ventricular endothelial cells conferred transformation in response to TGF-beta 2. These results support a model where TBRIII localizes transformation in the heart and plays an essential, nonredundant role in TGF-beta signaling.

1 Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37232-6600, USA.
2 Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University Heart Center, University of Arizona, 1501 North Campbell Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
3 Departments of Medicine (Division of Cardiovascular Medicine) and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2200 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232-6300, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: joey.barnett{at}mcmail.vanderbilt.edu

Read the Full Text


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
T-box 2, a mediator of Bmp-Smad signaling, induced hyaluronan synthase 2 and Tgf{beta}2 expression and endocardial cushion formation.
M. Shirai, K. Imanaka-Yoshida, M. D. Schneider, R. J. Schwartz, and T. Morisaki (2009)
PNAS 106, 18604-18609
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Endothelial-Specific Expression of WNK1 Kinase Is Essential for Angiogenesis and Heart Development in Mice.
J. Xie, T. Wu, K. Xu, I. K. Huang, O. Cleaver, and C.-L. Huang (2009)
Am. J. Pathol. 175, 1315-1327
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The type III transforming growth factor-{beta} receptor negatively regulates nuclear factor kappa B signaling through its interaction with {beta}-arrestin2.
H. J. You, T. How, and G. C. Blobe (2009)
Carcinogenesis 30, 1281-1287
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Endogenous Betaglycan Is Essential for High-Potency Inhibin Antagonism in Gonadotropes.
E. Wiater, K. A. Lewis, C. Donaldson, J. Vaughan, L. Bilezikjian, and W. Vale (2009)
Mol. Endocrinol. 23, 1033-1042
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The type III TGF-{beta} receptor regulates epithelial and cancer cell migration through {beta}-arrestin2-mediated activation of Cdc42.
K. Mythreye and G. C. Blobe (2009)
PNAS 106, 8221-8226
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Endocytosis of the Type III Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} (TGF-{beta}) Receptor through the Clathrin-independent/Lipid Raft Pathway Regulates TGF-{beta} Signaling and Receptor Down-regulation.
E. C. Finger, N. Y. Lee, H.-j. You, and G. C. Blobe (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 34808-34818
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
MEKK3 Initiates Transforming Growth Factor {beta}2-Dependent Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition During Endocardial Cushion Morphogenesis.
M. V. Stevens, D. M. Broka, P. Parker, E. Rogowitz, R. R. Vaillancourt, and T. D. Camenisch (2008)
Circ. Res. 103, 1430-1440
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2-Integrin {alpha}v{beta}3 Binding Is Required for Mesenchymal Cell Invasive Activity but Not Epithelial Locomotion: A Computational Time-Lapse Study.
P. A. Rupp, R. P. Visconti, A. Czirok, D. A. Cheresh, and C. D. Little (2008)
Mol. Biol. Cell 19, 5529-5540
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Knockdown of the Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Type III Receptor Impairs Motility and Invasion of Metastatic Cancer Cells.
T. L. Criswell, N. Dumont, J. V. Barnett, and C. L. Arteaga (2008)
Cancer Res. 68, 7304-7312
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Slug is a direct Notch target required for initiation of cardiac cushion cellularization.
K. Niessen, Y. Fu, L. Chang, P. A. Hoodless, D. McFadden, and A. Karsan (2008)
J. Cell Biol. 182, 315-325
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}-stimulated Endocardial Cell Transformation Is Dependent on Par6c Regulation of RhoA.
T. A. Townsend, J. L. Wrana, G. E. Davis, and J. V. Barnett (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 13834-13841
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Hemojuvelin regulates hepcidin expression via a selective subset of BMP ligands and receptors independently of neogenin.
Y. Xia, J. L. Babitt, Y. Sidis, R. T. Chung, and H. Y. Lin (2008)
Blood 111, 5195-5204
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Expression of the type III TGF-{beta} receptor is negatively regulated by TGF-{beta}.
N. Hempel, T. How, S. J. Cooper, T. R. Green, M. Dong, J. A. Copland, C. G. Wood, and G. C. Blobe (2008)
Carcinogenesis 29, 905-912
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins Signal through the Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Type III Receptor.
K. C. Kirkbride, T. A. Townsend, M. W. Bruinsma, J. V. Barnett, and G. C. Blobe (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 7628-7637
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bicuspid aortic valve: a literature review and its impact on sport activity.
P. De Mozzi, U. G. Longo, G. Galanti, and N. Maffulli (2008)
Br. Med. Bull. 85, 63-85
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
T{beta}RIII suppresses non-small cell lung cancer invasiveness and tumorigenicity.
E. C. Finger, R. S. Turley, M. Dong, T. How, T. A. Fields, and G. C. Blobe (2008)
Carcinogenesis 29, 528-535
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Loss of type III transforming growth factor {beta} receptor expression increases motility and invasiveness associated with epithelial to mesenchymal transition during pancreatic cancer progression.
K. J. Gordon, M. Dong, E. M. Chislock, T. A. Fields, and G. C. Blobe (2008)
Carcinogenesis 29, 252-262
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The type III TGF- receptor signals through both Smad3 and the p38 MAP kinase pathways to contribute to inhibition of cell proliferation.
H. J. You, M. W. Bruinsma, T. How, J. H. Ostrander, and G. C. Blobe (2007)
Carcinogenesis 28, 2491-2500
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Modulation of NF{kappa}B Activity and E-cadherin by the Type III Transforming Growth Factor beta Receptor Regulates Cell Growth and Motility.
T. L. Criswell and C. L. Arteaga (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 32491-32500
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Prostaglandin E2 Increases Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Type III Receptor Expression through CCAAT Enhancer-Binding Protein {delta} in Osteoblasts.
T. L. McCarthy, T. H. Pham, B. I. Knoll, and M. Centrella (2007)
Mol. Endocrinol. 21, 2713-2724
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Valvulogenesis: the moving target.
J. T Butcher and R. R Markwald (2007)
Phil Trans R Soc B 362, 1489-1503
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bi-compartmental communication contributes to the opposite proliferative behavior of Notch1-deficient hair follicle and epidermal keratinocytes.
J. Lee, J. M. Basak, S. Demehri, and R. Kopan (2007)
Development 134, 2795-2806
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Interaction of Endoglin with beta-Arrestin2 Regulates Transforming Growth Factor-beta-mediated ERK Activation and Migration in Endothelial Cells.
N. Y. Lee and G. C. Blobe (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 21507-21517
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Repulsive Guidance Molecule RGMa Alters Utilization of Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) Type II Receptors by BMP2 and BMP4.
Y. Xia, P. B. Yu, Y. Sidis, H. Beppu, K. D. Bloch, A. L. Schneyer, and H. Y. Lin (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 18129-18140
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Loss of Betaglycan Expression in Ovarian Cancer: Role in Motility and Invasion.
N. Hempel, T. How, M. Dong, S. K. Murphy, T. A. Fields, and G. C. Blobe (2007)
Cancer Res. 67, 5231-5238
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of bone morphogenetic proteins in cardiac differentiation.
B. van Wijk, A. F.M. Moorman, and M. J.B. van den Hoff (2007)
Cardiovasc Res 74, 244-255
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Pinch1 Is Required for Normal Development of Cranial and Cardiac Neural Crest-Derived Structures.
X. Liang, Y. Sun, J. Schneider, J.-H. Ding, H. Cheng, M. Ye, S. Bhattacharya, A. Rearden, S. Evans, and J. Chen (2007)
Circ. Res. 100, 527-535
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Bone Morphogenetic Protein Antagonist Noggin Regulates Mammalian Cardiac Morphogenesis.
M. Choi, R. W. Stottmann, Y.-P. Yang, E. N. Meyers, and J. Klingensmith (2007)
Circ. Res. 100, 220-228
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Type III Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Receptor as a Novel Tumor Suppressor Gene in Prostate Cancer.
R. S. Turley, E. C. Finger, N. Hempel, T. How, T. A. Fields, and G. C. Blobe (2007)
Cancer Res. 67, 1090-1098
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tgf{beta} signaling is required for atrioventricular cushion mesenchyme remodeling during in vivo cardiac development.
K. Jiao, M. Langworthy, L. Batts, C. B. Brown, H. L. Moses, and H. S. Baldwin (2006)
Development 133, 4585-4593
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genomic analyses facilitate identification of receptors and signalling pathways for growth differentiation factor 9 and related orphan bone morphogenetic protein/growth differentiation factor ligands.
S. Mazerbourg and A. J.W. Hsueh (2006)
Hum. Reprod. Update 12, 373-383
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of Distinct Inhibin and Transforming Growth Factor beta-binding Sites on Betaglycan: FUNCTIONAL SEPARATION OF BETAGLYCAN CO-RECEPTOR ACTIONS.
E. Wiater, C. A. Harrison, K. A. Lewis, P. C. Gray, and W. W. Vale (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 17011-17022
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors Suppress Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}-Induced Subcapsular Cataract Formation.
D. J. Dwivedi, G. Pino, A. Banh, Z. Nathu, D. Howchin, P. Margetts, J. G. Sivak, and J. A. West-Mays (2006)
Am. J. Pathol. 168, 69-79
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
DRAGON, a Bone Morphogenetic Protein Co-receptor.
T. A. Samad, A. Rebbapragada, E. Bell, Y. Zhang, Y. Sidis, S.-J. Jeong, J. A. Campagna, S. Perusini, D. A. Fabrizio, A. L. Schneyer, et al. (2005)
J. Biol. Chem. 280, 14122-14129
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of Transforming Growth Factor Beta in Human Cancer.
R. L. Elliott and G. C. Blobe (2005)
J. Clin. Oncol. 23, 2078-2093
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of Nfatc1 regulation identifies an enhancer required for gene expression that is specific to pro-valve endocardial cells in the developing heart.
B. Zhou, B. Wu, K. L. Tompkins, K. L. Boyer, J. C. Grindley, and H. S. Baldwin (2005)
Development 132, 1137-1146
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of Endoglin in Rat Hepatic Stellate Cells: NEW INSIGHTS INTO TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR {beta} RECEPTOR SIGNALING.
S. K. Meurer, L. Tihaa, B. Lahme, A. M. Gressner, and R. Weiskirchen (2005)
J. Biol. Chem. 280, 3078-3087
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Hand1 and Hand2 transcription factors regulate expansion of the embryonic cardiac ventricles in a gene dosage-dependent manner.
D. G. McFadden, A. C. Barbosa, J. A. Richardson, M. D. Schneider, D. Srivastava, and E. N. Olson (2005)
Development 132, 189-201
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A null mutation of Hhex results in abnormal cardiac development, defective vasculogenesis and elevated Vegfa levels.
H. Hallaq, E. Pinter, J. Enciso, J. McGrath, C. Zeiss, M. Brueckner, J. Madri, H. C. Jacobs, C. M. Wilson, H. Vasavada, et al. (2004)
Development 131, 5197-5209
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
{beta}-Catenin is required for endothelial-mesenchymal transformation during heart cushion development in the mouse.
S. Liebner, A. Cattelino, R. Gallini, N. Rudini, M. Iurlaro, S. Piccolo, and E. Dejana (2004)
J. Cell Biol. 166, 359-367
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Enhancement of the Antagonistic Potency of Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Receptor Extracellular Domains by Coiled Coil-induced Homo- and Heterodimerization.
G. De Crescenzo, P. L. Pham, Y. Durocher, H. Chao, and M. D. O'Connor-McCourt (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 26013-26018
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Essential role of Sox9 in the pathway that controls formation of cardiac valves and septa.
H. Akiyama, M.-C. Chaboissier, R. R. Behringer, D. H. Rowitch, A. Schedl, J. A. Epstein, and B. de Crombrugghe (2004)
PNAS 101, 6502-6507
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Shedding of Betaglycan Is Regulated by Pervanadate and Mediated by Membrane Type Matrix Metalloprotease-1.
G. Velasco-Loyden, J. Arribas, and F. Lopez-Casillas (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 7721-7733
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Development Gone Awry: Congenital Heart Disease.
P. J. Gruber and J. A. Epstein (2004)
Circ. Res. 94, 273-283
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Overexpression of Placenta Growth Factor Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Emphysema.
P.-N. Tsao, Y.-N. Su, H. Li, P.-H. Huang, C.-T. Chien, Y.-L. Lai, C.-N. Lee, C.-A. Chen, W.-F. Cheng, S.-C. Wei, et al. (2004)
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 169, 505-511
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dual roles of Sema6D in cardiac morphogenesis through region-specific association of its receptor, Plexin-A1, with off-track and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2.
T. Toyofuku, H. Zhang, A. Kumanogoh, N. Takegahara, F. Suto, J. Kamei, K. Aoki, M. Yabuki, M. Hori, H. Fujisawa, et al. (2004)
Genes & Dev. 18, 435-447
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Smad3 Signaling Is Required for Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Lens Epithelium after Injury.
S. Saika, S. Kono-Saika, Y. Ohnishi, M. Sato, Y. Muragaki, A. Ooshima, K. C. Flanders, J. Yoo, M. Anzano, C.-Y. Liu, et al. (2004)
Am. J. Pathol. 164, 651-663
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Essential Role for ADAM19 in Cardiovascular Morphogenesis.
H.-M. Zhou, G. Weskamp, V. Chesneau, U. Sahin, A. Vortkamp, K. Horiuchi, R. Chiusaroli, R. Hahn, D. Wilkes, P. Fisher, et al. (2004)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 24, 96-104
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Coronary Vessel Development: A Unique Form of Vasculogenesis.
A. M. Wada, S. G. Willet, and D. Bader (2003)
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 23, 2138-2145
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cardiac Chamber Formation: Development, Genes, and Evolution.
A. F. M. MOORMAN and V. M. CHRISTOFFELS (2003)
Physiol Rev 83, 1223-1267
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
{beta}-Arrestin 2 Mediates Endocytosis of Type III TGF-{beta} Receptor and Down-Regulation of Its Signaling.
W. Chen, K. C. Kirkbride, T. How, C. D. Nelson, J. Mo, J. P. Frederick, X.-F. Wang, R. J. Lefkowitz, and G. C. Blobe (2003)
Science 301, 1394-1397
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Heart and Liver Defects and Reduced Transforming Growth Factor {beta}2 Sensitivity in Transforming Growth Factor {beta} Type III Receptor-Deficient Embryos.
K. L. Stenvers, M. L. Tursky, K. W. Harder, N. Kountouri, S. Amatayakul-Chantler, D. Grail, C. Small, R. A. Weinberg, A. M. Sizeland, and H.-J. Zhu (2003)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 23, 4371-4385
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
NFATc1 Mediates Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-induced Proliferation of Human Pulmonary Valve Endothelial Cells.
E. N. Johnson, Y. M. Lee, T. L. Sander, E. Rabkin, F. J. Schoen, S. Kaushal, and J. Bischoff (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 1686-1692
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cardiac Endothelial-Myocardial Signaling: Its Role in Cardiac Growth, Contractile Performance, and Rhythmicity.
D. L. Brutsaert (2003)
Physiol Rev 83, 59-115
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Three-dimensional tissue structure affects sensitivity of fibroblasts to TGF-beta 1.
L. A. Kunz-Schughart, S. Wenninger, T. Neumeier, P. Seidl, and R. Knuechel (2003)
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 284, C209-C219
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genetic Analysis of the Mammalian Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Superfamily.
H. Chang, C. W. Brown, and M. M. Matzuk (2002)
Endocr. Rev. 23, 787-823
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mature Vascular Endothelium Can Give Rise to Smooth Muscle Cells via Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transdifferentiation: In Vitro Analysis.
M. G. Frid, V. A. Kale, and K. R. Stenmark (2002)
Circ. Res. 90, 1189-1196
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Distribution of Betaglycan Protein and mRNA in Rat Brain, Pituitary, and Gonads: Implications for a Role for Betaglycan in Inhibin-Mediated Reproductive Functions.
L. A. MacConell, A. M. O. Leal, and W. W. Vale (2002)
Endocrinology 143, 1066-1075
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Endocardial cushion and myocardial defects after cardiac myocyte-specific conditional deletion of the bone morphogenetic protein receptor ALK3.
V. Gaussin, T. Van de Putte, Y. Mishina, M. C. Hanks, A. Zwijsen, D. Huylebroeck, R. R. Behringer, and M. D. Schneider (2002)
PNAS
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Minireview: Inhibin Binding Protein (InhBP/p120), Betaglycan, and the Continuing Search for the Inhibin Receptor.
D. J. Bernard, S. C. Chapman, and T. K. Woodruff (2002)
Mol. Endocrinol. 16, 207-212
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Pitx2c patterns anterior myocardium and aortic arch vessels and is required for local cell movement into atrioventricular cushions.
C. Liu, W. Liu, J. Palie, M. F. Lu, N. A. Brown, and J. F. Martin (2002)
Development 129, 5081-5091
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is required for TGF{beta}-mediated fibroblastic transdifferentiation and cell migration.
A. V. Bakin, C. Rinehart, A. K. Tomlinson, and C. L. Arteaga (2002)
J. Cell Sci. 115, 3193-3206
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Betaglycan Inhibits TGF-beta Signaling by Preventing Type I-Type II Receptor Complex Formation. GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN MODIFICATIONS ALTER BETAGLYCAN FUNCTION.
O. Eickelberg, M. Centrella, M. Reiss, M. Kashgarian, and R. G. Wells (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 823-829
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Endocardial Cushion Formation in Zebrafish.
D.Y.R. STAINIER, D. BEIS, B. JUNGBLUT, and T. BARTMAN (2002)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 67, 49-56
   Abstract »    PDF »
A Novel Mechanism for Regulating Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-beta ) Signaling. FUNCTIONAL MODULATION OF TYPE III TGF-beta RECEPTOR EXPRESSION THROUGH INTERACTION WITH THE PDZ DOMAIN PROTEIN, GIPC.
G. C. Blobe, X. Liu, S. J. Fang, T. How, and H. F. Lodish (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 39608-39617
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}, Basement Membrane, and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transdifferentiation : Implications for Fibrosis in Kidney Disease.
P. J. Stahl and D. Felsen (2001)
Am. J. Pathol. 159, 1187-1192
   Full Text »
Aortic Valve Endothelial Cells Undergo Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}-Mediated and Non-Transforming Growth Factor-{beta}-Mediated Transdifferentiation in Vitro.
G. Paranya, S. Vineberg, E. Dvorin, S. Kaushal, S. J. Roth, E. Rabkin, F. J. Schoen, and J. Bischoff (2001)
Am. J. Pathol. 159, 1335-1343
   Abstract »    Full Text »
UDP-Glucose Dehydrogenase Required for Cardiac Valve Formation in Zebrafish.
E. C. Walsh and D. Y. R. Stainier (2001)
Science 293, 1670-1673
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Double-Outlet Right Ventricle and Overriding Tricuspid Valve Reflect Disturbances of Looping, Myocardialization, Endocardial Cushion Differentiation, and Apoptosis in TGF-{beta}2-Knockout Mice.
U. Bartram, D. G. M. Molin, L. J. Wisse, A. Mohamad, L. P. Sanford, T. Doetschman, C. P. Speer, R. E. Poelmann, and A. C. Gittenberger-de Groot (2001)
Circulation 103, 2745-2752
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A novel role for VEGF in endocardial cushion formation and its potential contribution to congenital heart defects.
Y Dor, T. Camenisch, A Itin, G. Fishman, J. McDonald, P Carmeliet, and E Keshet (2001)
Development 128, 1531-1538
   Abstract »    PDF »
Controlling TGF-beta signaling.
J. Massagué and Y.-G. Chen (2000)
Genes & Dev. 14, 627-644
   Full Text »
The Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells (Nfat) Transcription Factor Nfatp (Nfatc2) Is a Repressor of Chondrogenesis.
A. M. Ranger, L. C. Gerstenfeld, J. Wang, T. Kon, H. Bae, E. M. Gravallese, M. J. Glimcher, and L. H. Glimcher (2000)
J. Exp. Med. 191, 9-22
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Trichloroethylene Inhibits Development of Embryonic Heart Valve Precursors in Vitro.
A. S. Boyer, W. T. Finch, and R. B. Runyan (2000)
Toxicol. Sci. 53, 109-117
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ligand Binding and Functional Properties of Betaglycan, a Co-receptor of the Transforming Growth Factor-beta Superfamily. SPECIALIZED BINDING REGIONS FOR TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-beta AND INHIBIN A.
J. Esparza-Lopez, J. L. Montiel, M. M. Vilchis-Landeros, T. Okadome, K. Miyazono, and F. Lopez-Casillas (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 14588-14596
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Real-time Monitoring of the Interactions of Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-beta ) Isoforms with Latency-associated Protein and the Ectodomains of the TGF-beta Type II and III Receptors Reveals Different Kinetic Models and Stoichiometries of Binding.
G. De Crescenzo, S. Grothe, J. Zwaagstra, M. Tsang, and M. D. O'Connor-McCourt (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 29632-29643
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Roles for the Cytoplasmic Domain of the Type III Transforming Growth Factor beta Receptor in Regulating Transforming Growth Factor beta Signaling.
G. C. Blobe, W. P. Schiemann, M.-C. Pepin, M. Beauchemin, A. Moustakas, H. F. Lodish, and M. D. O'Connor-McCourt (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 24627-24637
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Endocardial cushion and myocardial defects after cardiac myocyte-specific conditional deletion of the bone morphogenetic protein receptor ALK3.
V. Gaussin, T. Van de Putte, Y. Mishina, M. C. Hanks, A. Zwijsen, D. Huylebroeck, R. R. Behringer, and M. D. Schneider (2002)
PNAS 99, 2878-2883
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)