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Science 12 March 1999:
Vol. 283. no. 5408, pp. 1683 - 1688
DOI: 10.1126/science.283.5408.1683
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Review

Nanoscale Science of Single Molecules Using Local Probes

James K. Gimzewski, 1* Christian Joachim 2

Experiments on individual molecules using scanning probe microscopies have demonstrated an exciting diversity of physical, chemical, mechanical, and electronic phenomena. They have permitted deeper insight into the quantum electronics of molecular systems and have provided unique information on their conformational and mechanical properties. Concomitant developments in experimentation and theory have allowed a diverse range of molecules to be studied, varying in complexity from simple diatomics to biomolecular systems. At the level of an individual molecule, the interplays of mechanical and electronical behavior and chemical properties manifest themselves in an unusually clear manner. In revealing the crucial role of thermal, stochastic, and quantum-tunneling processes, they suggest that dynamics is inescapable and may play a decisive role in the evolution of nanotechnology.

1 IBM Research Division, Zurich Research Laboratory, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland.
2 Centre d'Elaboration des Matériaux et d'Etudes Structurales-CNRS, 29 rue J. Marvig, Boite Postale 4347, 31055 Toulouse Cedex, France.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: gim{at}zurich.ibm.com

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