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Science 5 March 1999:
Vol. 283. no. 5407, pp. 1530 - 1534
DOI: 10.1126/science.283.5407.1530
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Reports

Exon Shuffling by L1 Retrotransposition

John V. Moran, *dagger Ralph J. DeBerardinis, Haig H. Kazazian Jr. dagger

Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE-1s or L1s) are the most abundant retrotransposons in the human genome, and they serve as major sources of reverse transcriptase activity. Engineered L1s retrotranspose at high frequency in cultured human cells. Here it is shown that L1s insert into transcribed genes and retrotranspose sequences derived from their 3' flanks to new genomic locations. Thus, retrotransposition-competent L1s provide a vehicle to mobilize non-L1 sequences, such as exons or promoters, into existing genes and may represent a general mechanism for the evolution of new genes.

Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6145 USA.
*   Present address, Departments of Human Genetics and Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-0650 USA.

dagger    To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: moranj{at}umich.edu or kazazian{at}mail.med.upenn.edu

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