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Science 5 March 1999:
Vol. 283. no. 5407, pp. 1476 - 1481
DOI: 10.1126/science.283.5407.1476
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Review

Mitochondrial Evolution

Michael W. Gray, 1* Gertraud Burger, 2 B. Franz Lang 2

The serial endosymbiosis theory is a favored model for explaining the origin of mitochondria, a defining event in the evolution of eukaryotic cells. As usually described, this theory posits that mitochondria are the direct descendants of a bacterial endosymbiont that became established at an early stage in a nucleus-containing (but amitochondriate) host cell. Gene sequence data strongly support a monophyletic origin of the mitochondrion from a eubacterial ancestor shared with a subgroup of the alpha -Proteobacteria. However, recent studies of unicellular eukaryotes (protists), some of them little known, have provided insights that challenge the traditional serial endosymbiosis-based view of how the eukaryotic cell and its mitochondrion came to be. These data indicate that the mitochondrion arose in a common ancestor of all extant eukaryotes and raise the possibility that this organelle originated at essentially the same time as the nuclear component of the eukaryotic cell rather than in a separate, subsequent event.

1 Department of Biochemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4H7, Canada.
2 Département de Biochimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: M.W.Gray{at}Dal.Ca

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