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Science 26 February 1999:
Vol. 283. no. 5406, pp. 1317 - 1321
DOI: 10.1126/science.283.5406.1317
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Reports

Convergence of Transforming Growth Factor-beta and Vitamin D Signaling Pathways on SMAD Transcriptional Coactivators

Junn Yanagisawa, 1 Yasuo Yanagi, 1 Yoshikazu Masuhiro, 1 Miyuki Suzawa, 12 Michiko Watanabe, 1 Kouji Kashiwagi, 1 Takeshi Toriyabe, 1 Masahiro Kawabata, 3 Kohei Miyazono, 3 Shigeaki Kato 12*

Cell proliferation and differentiation are regulated by growth regulatory factors such as transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta ) and the liphophilic hormone vitamin D. TGF-beta causes activation of SMAD proteins acting as coactivators or transcription factors in the nucleus. Vitamin D controls transcription of target genes through the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Smad3, one of the SMAD proteins downstream in the TGF-beta signaling pathway, was found in mammalian cells to act as a coactivator specific for ligand-induced transactivation of VDR by forming a complex with a member of the steroid receptor coactivator-1 protein family in the nucleus. Thus, Smad3 may mediate cross-talk between vitamin D and TGF-beta signaling pathways.

1 Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan.
2 CREST, Japan Science and Technology, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332, Japan.
3 Department of Biochemistry, The Cancer Institute, Tokyo, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), and Research for the Future Program, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 1-37-1 Kami-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 170-8455, Japan.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: uskato{at}hongo.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp

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   Abstract »    Full Text »
Interdependent SMAD and JNK Signaling in Transforming Growth Factor-beta -mediated Transcription.
M. E. Engel, M. A. McDonnell, B. K. Law, and H. L. Moses (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 37413-37420
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
c-Ski Acts as a Transcriptional Co-repressor in Transforming Growth Factor-beta Signaling through Interaction with Smads.
S. Akiyoshi, H. Inoue, J.-i. Hanai, K. Kusanagi, N. Nemoto, K. Miyazono, and M. Kawabata (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 35269-35277
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Specificity in transforming growth factor beta -induced transcription of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene: Interactions of promoter DNA, transcription factor {micro}E3, and Smad proteins.
X. Hua, Z. A. Miller, G. Wu, Y. Shi, and H. F. Lodish (1999)
PNAS 96, 13130-13135
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Interaction and Functional Cooperation of PEBP2/CBF with Smads. SYNERGISTIC INDUCTION OF THE IMMUNOGLOBULIN GERMLINE Calpha PROMOTER.
J.-i. Hanai, L. F. Chen, T. Kanno, N. Ohtani-Fujita, W. Y. Kim, W.-H. Guo, T. Imamura, Y. Ishidou, M. Fukuchi, M.-J. Shi, et al. (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 31577-31582
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
SnoN and Ski protooncoproteins are rapidly degraded in response to transforming growth factor beta signaling.
Y. Sun, X. Liu, E. Ng-Eaton, H. F. Lodish, and R. A. Weinberg (1999)
PNAS 96, 12442-12447
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Glucocorticoid receptor inhibits transforming growth factor-beta signaling by directly targeting the transcriptional activation function of Smad3.
C.-Z. Song, X. Tian, and T. D. Gelehrter (1999)
PNAS 96, 11776-11781
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
E1A Inhibits Transforming Growth Factor-beta Signaling through Binding to Smad Proteins.
A. Nishihara, J.-i. Hanai, T. Imamura, K. Miyazono, and M. Kawabata (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 28716-28723
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Purification and Identification of p68 RNA Helicase Acting as a Transcriptional Coactivator Specific for the Activation Function 1 of Human Estrogen Receptor alpha.
H. Endoh, K. Maruyama, Y. Masuhiro, Y. Kobayashi, M. Goto, H. Tai, J. Yanagisawa, D. Metzger, S. Hashimoto, and S. Kato (1999)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 5363-5372
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Positive and Negative Modulation of Vitamin D Receptor Function by Transforming Growth Factor-beta Signaling through Smad Proteins.
Y. Yanagi, M. Suzawa, M. Kawabata, K. Miyazono, J. Yanagisawa, and S. Kato (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 12971-12974
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Interaction between the p160 Coactivator Proteins and the Transcriptional Enhancer Factor Family of Transcription Factors.
B. Belandia and M. G. Parker (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 30801-30805
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ligand type-specific Interactions of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor gamma with Transcriptional Coactivators.
Y. Kodera, K.-i. Takeyama, A. Murayama, M. Suzawa, Y. Masuhiro, and S. Kato (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 33201-33204
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Smurf2 Is a Ubiquitin E3 Ligase Mediating Proteasome-dependent Degradation of Smad2 in Transforming Growth Factor-beta Signaling.
X. Lin, M. Liang, and X.-H. Feng (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 36818-36822
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
p300 Mediates Functional Synergism between AF-1 and AF-2 of Estrogen Receptor alpha and beta by Interacting Directly with the N-terminal A/B Domains.
Y. Kobayashi, T. Kitamoto, Y. Masuhiro, M. Watanabe, T. Kase, D. Metzger, J. Yanagisawa, and S. Kato (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 15645-15651
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcriptional Regulation of the Transforming Growth Factor-beta -inducible Mouse Germ Line Ig alpha Constant Region Gene by Functional Cooperation of Smad, CREB, and AML Family Members.
Y. Zhang and R. Derynck (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 16979-16985
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Antagonistic Regulation of Type I Collagen Gene Expression by Interferon-gamma and Transforming Growth Factor-beta . INTEGRATION AT THE LEVEL OF p300/CBP TRANSCRIPTIONAL COACTIVATORS.
A. K. Ghosh, W. Yuan, Y. Mori, S.-j. Chen, and J. Varga (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 11041-11048
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Structural and Functional Characterization of the Transforming Growth Factor-beta -induced Smad3/c-Jun Transcriptional Cooperativity.
J. Qing, Y. Zhang, and R. Derynck (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 38802-38812
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcriptional Cross-talk between Smad, ERK1/2, and p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathways Regulates Transforming Growth Factor-beta -induced Aggrecan Gene Expression in Chondrogenic ATDC5 Cells.
H. Watanabe, M. P. de Caestecker, and Y. Yamada (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 14466-14473
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Hoxa-9 Represses Transforming Growth Factor-beta -induced Osteopontin Gene Transcription.
X. Shi, S. Bai, L. Li, and X. Cao (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 850-855
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transforming Growth Factor-beta Receptor-associated Protein 1 Is a Smad4 Chaperone.
J. U. Wurthner, D. B. Frank, A. Felici, H. M. Green, Z. Cao, M. D. Schneider, J. G. McNally, R. J. Lechleider, and A. B. Roberts (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 19495-19502
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
SMAD Proteins Transactivate the Human ApoCIII Promoter by Interacting Physically and Functionally with Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4.
D. Kardassis, K. Pardali, and V. I. Zannis (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 41405-41414
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Filamin Associates with Smads and Regulates Transforming Growth Factor-beta Signaling.
A. Sasaki, Y. Masuda, Y. Ohta, K. Ikeda, and K. Watanabe (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 17871-17877
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


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