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Science 8 January 1999:
Vol. 283. no. 5399, pp. 225 - 229
DOI: 10.1126/science.283.5399.225
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Reports

CD1d-Restricted Immunoglobulin G Formation to GPI-Anchored Antigens Mediated by NKT Cells

Louis Schofield, * Malcolm J. McConville, Diana Hansen, A. Stewart Campbell, Bert Fraser-Reid, Michael J. Grusby, Souvenir D. Tachado

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses require major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted recognition of peptide fragments by conventional CD4+ helper T cells. Immunoglobulin G responses to glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)- anchored protein antigens, however, were found to be regulated in part through CD1d-restricted recognition of the GPI moiety by thymus-dependent, interleukin-4-producing CD4+, natural killer cell antigen 1.1 [(NK1.1)+] helper T cells. The CD1-NKT cell pathway regulated immunogobulin G responses to the GPI-anchored surface antigens of Plasmodium and Trypanosoma and may be a general mechanism for rapid, MHC-unrestricted antibody responses to diverse pathogens.

L. Schofield, D. Hansen, S. D. Tachado, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Post Office, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria 3050, Australia. M. J. McConville, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia. A. Stewart Campbell, INSMED Pharmaceuticals, 880 East Leigh Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA. B. Fraser-Reid, Natural Products and Glycotechnology, 4118 Swarthmore Road, Durham, NC 27707, USA. M. J. Grusby, Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: schofield{at}wehi.edu.au

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M. Skold, N. N. Faizunnessa, C.-R. Wang, and S. Cardell (2000)
J. Immunol. 165, 168-174
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Genetically Modified Dendritic Cells Prime Autoreactive T Cells through a Pathway Independent of CD40L and Interleukin 12: Implications for Cancer Vaccines.
Y. Wan, J. Bramson, A. Pilon, Q. Zhu, and J. Gauldie (2000)
Cancer Res. 60, 3247-3253
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Cutting Edge: The IgG Response to the Circumsporozoite Protein Is MHC Class II-Dependent and CD1d-Independent: Exploring the Role of GPIs in NK T Cell Activation and Antimalarial Responses.
A. Molano, S.-H. Park, Y.-H. Chiu, S. Nosseir, A. Bendelac, and M. Tsuji (2000)
J. Immunol. 164, 5005-5009
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Cutting Edge: The Ets1 Transcription Factor Is Required for the Development of NK T Cells in Mice.
T. L. Walunas, B. Wang, C.-R. Wang, and J. M. Leiden (2000)
J. Immunol. 164, 2857-2860
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CD1, Tuberculosis, and the Evolution of Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules.
K. Shinkai and R. M. Locksley (2000)
J. Exp. Med. 191, 907-914
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NK1.1+ T Cells in the Liver Arise in the Thymus and Are Selected by Interactions with Class I Molecules on CD4+CD8+ Cells.
M. C. Coles and D. H. Raulet (2000)
J. Immunol. 164, 2412-2418
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Differential Tumor Surveillance by Natural Killer (NK) and NKT Cells.
M. J. Smyth, K. Y. T. Thia, S. E.A. Street, E. Cretney, J. A. Trapani, M. Taniguchi, T. Kawano, S. B. Pelikan, N. Y. Crowe, and D. I. Godfrey (2000)
J. Exp. Med. 191, 661-668
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Liver CD4-CD8- NK1.1+ TCR{alpha}{beta} Intermediate Cells Increase During Experimental Malaria Infection and Are Able to Exhibit Inhibitory Activity Against the Parasite Liver Stage In Vitro.
S. Pied, J. Roland, A. Louise, D. Voegtle, V. Soulard, D. Mazier, and P.-A. Cazenave (2000)
J. Immunol. 164, 1463-1469
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Involvement of decidual Valpha 14 NKT cells in abortion.
K. Ito, M. Karasawa, T. Kawano, T. Akasaka, H. Koseki, Y. Akutsu, E. Kondo, S. Sekiya, K. Sekikawa, M. Harada, et al. (2000)
PNAS 97, 740-744
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Comparative Contribution of CD1 on the Development of CD4+ and CD8+ T Cell Compartments.
B. Wang, T. Chun, and C.-R. Wang (2000)
J. Immunol. 164, 739-745
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Augmentation of V{alpha}14 NKT Cell-mediated Cytotoxicity by Interleukin 4 in an Autocrine Mechanism Resulting in the Development of Concanavalin A-induced Hepatitis.
Y. Kaneko, M. Harada, T. Kawano, M. Yamashita, Y. Shibata, F. Gejyo, T. Nakayama, and M. Taniguchi (2000)
J. Exp. Med. 191, 105-114
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Glycosylation and proteolyticprocessing of 70 kDa C-terminal recombinant polypeptides of Plasmodiumfalciparum merozoite surface protein 1 expressed in mammaliancells.
S. Yang, D. Nikodem, E. A.Davidson, and D.C. Gowda (1999)
Glycobiology 9, 1347-1356
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A Distinct IL-18-Induced Pathway to Fully Activate NK T Lymphocytes Independently from TCR Engagement.
M. C. Leite-de-Moraes, A. Hameg, A. Arnould, F. Machavoine, Y. Koezuka, E. Schneider, A. Herbelin, and M. Dy (1999)
J. Immunol. 163, 5871-5876
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Heterogeneity of NK1.1+ T Cells in the Bone Marrow: Divergence from the Thymus.
D. Zeng, G. Gazit, S. Dejbakhsh-Jones, S. P. Balk, S. Snapper, M. Taniguchi, and S. Strober (1999)
J. Immunol. 163, 5338-5345
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Conservation of a CD1 Multigene Family in the Guinea Pig.
C. C. Dascher, K. Hiromatsu, J. W. Naylor, P. P. Brauer, K. A. Brown, J. R. Storey, S. M. Behar, E. S. Kawasaki, S. A. Porcelli, M. B. Brenner, et al. (1999)
J. Immunol. 163, 5478-5488
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Immune Privilege: Keeping an Eye on Natural Killer T Cells.
S. Hong and L. Van Kaer (1999)
J. Exp. Med. 190, 1197-1200
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Binding and Antigen Presentation of Ceramide-containing Glycolipids by Soluble Mouse and Human CD1d Molecules.
O. V. Naidenko, J. K. Maher, W. A. Ernst, T. Sakai, R. L. Modlin, and M. Kronenberg (1999)
J. Exp. Med. 190, 1069-1080
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The Src Family Tyrosine Kinase Fyn Regulates Natural Killer T Cell Development.
P. Gadue, N. Morton, and P. L. Stein (1999)
J. Exp. Med. 190, 1189-1196
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Inhibition of T Helper Cell Type 2 Cell Differentiation and Immunoglobulin E Response by Ligand-activated V{alpha}14 Natural Killer T Cells.
J. Cui, N. Watanabe, T. Kawano, M. Yamashita, T. Kamata, C. Shimizu, M. Kimura, E. Shimizu, J. Koike, H. Koseki, et al. (1999)
J. Exp. Med. 190, 783-792
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CD1 Expression in Human Atherosclerosis : A Potential Mechanism for T Cell Activation by Foam Cells.
A. Melian, Y.-J. Geng, G. K. Sukhova, P. Libby, and S. A. Porcelli (1999)
Am. J. Pathol. 155, 775-786
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Cutting Edge: Activation of NK T Cells by CD1d and {alpha}-Galactosylceramide Directs Conventional T Cells to the Acquisition of a Th2 Phenotype.
N. Singh, S. Hong, D. C. Scherer, I. Serizawa, N. Burdin, M. Kronenberg, Y. Koezuka, and L. Van Kaer (1999)
J. Immunol. 163, 2373-2377
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An Invariant T Cell Receptor alpha  Chain Defines a Novel TAP-independent Major Histocompatibility Complex Class Ib-restricted alpha /beta T Cell Subpopulation in Mammals.
F. Tilloy, E. Treiner, S.-H. Park, C. Garcia, F. Lemonnier, H. de la Salle, A. Bendelac, M. Bonneville, and O. Lantz (1999)
J. Exp. Med. 189, 1907-1921
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In Vivo Identification of Glycolipid Antigen-specific T Cells Using Fluorescent CD1d Tetramers.
K. Benlagha, A. Weiss, A. Beavis, L. Teyton, and A. Bendelac (1999)
J. Exp. Med. 191, 1895-1904
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Murine natural killer cells contribute to the granulomatous reaction caused by mycobacterial cell walls.
I. Apostolou, Y. Takahama, C. Belmant, T. Kawano, M. Huerre, G. Marchal, J. Cui, M. Taniguchi, H. Nakauchi, J.-J. Fournie, et al. (1999)
PNAS 96, 5141-5146
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Critical contribution of liver natural killer T cells to a murine model of hepatitis.
K. Takeda, Y. Hayakawa, L. Van Kaer, H. Matsuda, H. Yagita, and K. Okumura (2000)
PNAS 97, 5498-5503
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