Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Site Tools

  • AAAS
  • Subscribe
  • Feedback

Site Search

Search Advanced

Science 4 December 1998:
Vol. 282. no. 5395, pp. 1900 - 1904
DOI: 10.1126/science.282.5395.1900
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Reports

Requirement of RSF and FACT for Transcription of Chromatin Templates in Vitro

Gary LeRoy, George Orphanides, William S. Lane, Danny Reinberg *

Transcription of naked DNA in vitro requires the general transcription factors and RNA polymerase II. However, this minimal set of factors is not sufficient for transcription when the DNA template is packaged into chromatin. Here, a factor that facilitates activator-dependent transcription initiation on chromatin templates was purified. This factor, remodeling and spacing factor (RSF), has adenosine triphosphate-dependent nucleosome-remodeling and spacing activities. Polymerases that initiate transcription with RSF can only extend their transcripts in the presence of FACT (facilitates chromatin transcription). Thus, the minimal factor requirements for activator-dependent transcription on chromatin templates in vitro have been defined.

G. LeRoy, G. Orphanides, D. Reinberg, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Division of Nucleic Acid Enzymology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA. W. S. Lane, Harvard Microchemistry Facility, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed: E-mail: reinbdf{at}umdnj.edu

Read the Full Text


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Active establishment of centromeric CENP-A chromatin by RSF complex.
M. Perpelescu, N. Nozaki, C. Obuse, H. Yang, and K. Yoda (2009)
J. Cell Biol. 185, 397-407
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Analysis of 11q13.5 Amplicon Identifies Rsf-1 (HBXAP) as a Gene Involved in Paclitaxel Resistance in Ovarian Cancer.
J. H. Choi, J. J.-C. Sheu, B. Guan, N. Jinawath, P. Markowski, T.-L. Wang, and I.-M. Shih (2009)
Cancer Res. 69, 1407-1415
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dependency of ISW1a Chromatin Remodeling on Extranucleosomal DNA.
V. K. Gangaraju and B. Bartholomew (2007)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 27, 3217-3225
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Relationship between the structure of SET/TAF-Ibeta/INHAT and its histone chaperone activity.
S. Muto, M. Senda, Y. Akai, L. Sato, T. Suzuki, R. Nagai, T. Senda, and M. Horikoshi (2007)
PNAS 104, 4285-4290
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human ACF1 Alters the Remodeling Strategy of SNF2h.
X. He, H.-Y. Fan, G. J. Narlikar, and R. E. Kingston (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 28636-28647
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Fungal Family of Transcriptional Regulators: the Zinc Cluster Proteins.
S. MacPherson, M. Larochelle, and B. Turcotte (2006)
Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 70, 583-604
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Rsc4 Connects the Chromatin Remodeler RSC to RNA Polymerases..
J. Soutourina, V. Bordas-Le Floch, G. Gendrel, A. Flores, C. Ducrot, H. Dumay-Odelot, P. Soularue, F. Navarro, B. R. Cairns, O. Lefebvre, et al. (2006)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 26, 4920-4933
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Nuclear envelope dystrophies show a transcriptional fingerprint suggesting disruption of Rb-MyoD pathways in muscle regeneration.
M. Bakay, Z. Wang, G. Melcon, L. Schiltz, J. Xuan, P. Zhao, V. Sartorelli, J. Seo, E. Pegoraro, C. Angelini, et al. (2006)
Brain 129, 996-1013
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
CECR2, a protein involved in neurulation, forms a novel chromatin remodeling complex with SNF2L.
G. S. Banting, O. Barak, T. M. Ames, A. C. Burnham, M. D. Kardel, N. S. Cooch, C. E. Davidson, R. Godbout, H. E. McDermid, and R. Shiekhattar (2005)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 14, 513-524
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Tissue-specific, Naturally Occurring Human SNF2L Variant Inactivates Chromatin Remodeling.
O. Barak, M. A. Lazzaro, N. S. Cooch, D. J. Picketts, and R. Shiekhattar (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 45130-45138
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Nek9, a Novel FACT-associated Protein, Modulates Interphase Progression.
B. C.-M. Tan and S.-C. Lee (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 9321-9330
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Replication-Independent Assembly of Nucleosome Arrays in a Novel Yeast Chromatin Reconstitution System Involves Antisilencing Factor Asf1p and Chromodomain Protein Chd1p.
K. M. Robinson and M. C. Schultz (2003)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 23, 7937-7946
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Facile synthesis of site-specifically acetylated and methylated histone proteins: Reagents for evaluation of the histone code hypothesis.
S. He, D. Bauman, J. S. Davis, A. Loyola, K. Nishioka, J. L. Gronlund, D. Reinberg, F. Meng, N. Kelleher, and D. G. McCafferty (2003)
PNAS 100, 12033-12038
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular Evidence That the Eukaryotic THO/TREX Complex Is Required for Efficient Transcription Elongation.
A. G. Rondon, S. Jimeno, M. Garcia-Rubio, and A. Aguilera (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 39037-39043
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Analysis of the Subunits of the Chromatin Assembly Factor RSF.
A. Loyola, J.-Y. Huang, G. LeRoy, S. Hu, Y.-H. Wang, R. J. Donnelly, W. S. Lane, S.-C. Lee, and D. Reinberg (2003)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 23, 6759-6768
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Elongation by RNA polymerase II on chromatin templates requires topoisomerase activity.
N. Mondal, Y. Zhang, Z. Jonsson, S. K. Dhar, M. Kannapiran, and J. D. Parvin (2003)
Nucleic Acids Res. 31, 5016-5024
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Evidence for DNA Translocation by the ISWI Chromatin-Remodeling Enzyme.
I. Whitehouse, C. Stockdale, A. Flaus, M. D. Szczelkun, and T. Owen-Hughes (2003)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 23, 1935-1945
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Yeast Isw1p Forms Two Separable Complexes In Vivo.
J. C. Vary Jr., V. K. Gangaraju, J. Qin, C. C. Landel, C. Kooperberg, B. Bartholomew, and T. Tsukiyama (2003)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 23, 80-91
   Abstract »    Full Text »
The SWI/SNF Chromatin-Remodeling Factor Stimulates Repair by Human Excision Nuclease in the Mononucleosome Core Particle.
R. Hara and A. Sancar (2002)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 22, 6779-6787
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Binding of Acf1 to DNA Involves a WAC Motif and Is Important for ACF-Mediated Chromatin Assembly.
D. V. Fyodorov and J. T. Kadonaga (2002)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 22, 6344-6353
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular Characterization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae TFIID.
S. L. Sanders, K. A. Garbett, and P. A. Weil (2002)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 22, 6000-6013
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification and Characterization of Prolylcarboxypeptidase as an Endothelial Cell Prekallikrein Activator.
Z. Shariat-Madar, F. Mahdi, and A. H. Schmaier (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 17962-17969
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Nucleosome mobilization and positioning by ISWI-containing chromatin-remodeling factors.
G. Langst and P. B. Becker (2002)
J. Cell Sci. 114, 2561-2568
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Set9, a novel histone H3 methyltransferase that facilitates transcription by precluding histone tail modifications required for heterochromatin formation.
K. Nishioka, S. Chuikov, K. Sarma, H. Erdjument-Bromage, C. D. Allis, P. Tempst, and D. Reinberg (2002)
Genes & Dev. 16, 479-489
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
SYT Associates with Human SNF/SWI Complexes and the C-terminal Region of Its Fusion Partner SSX1 Targets Histones.
H. Kato, A. Tjernberg, W. Zhang, A. N. Krutchinsky, W. An, T. Takeuchi, Y. Ohtsuki, S. Sugano, D. R. de Bruijn, B. T. Chait, et al. (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 5498-5505
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human Elongator facilitates RNA polymerase II transcription through chromatin.
J.-H. Kim, W. S. Lane, and D. Reinberg (2002)
PNAS
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Histone tails modulate nucleosome mobility and regulate ATP-dependent nucleosome sliding by NURF.
A. Hamiche, J.-G. Kang, C. Dennis, H. Xiao, and C. Wu (2001)
PNAS
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Reconstitution of recombinant chromatin establishes a requirement for histone-tail modifications during chromatin assembly and transcription.
A. Loyola, G. LeRoy, Y.-H. Wang, and D. Reinberg (2001)
Genes & Dev. 15, 2837-2851
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Widespread Collaboration of Isw2 and Sin3-Rpd3 Chromatin Remodeling Complexes in Transcriptional Repression.
T. G. Fazzio, C. Kooperberg, J. P. Goldmark, C. Neal, R. Basom, J. Delrow, and T. Tsukiyama (2001)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 21, 6450-6460
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genetic Interactions of Spt4-Spt5 and TFIIS With the RNA Polymerase II CTD and CTD Modifying Enzymes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
D. L. Lindstrom and G. A. Hartzog (2001)
Genetics 159, 487-497
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Bipartite Yeast SSRP1 Analog Comprised of Pob3 and Nhp6 Proteins Modulates Transcription.
N. K. Brewster, G. C. Johnston, and R. A. Singer (2001)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 21, 3491-3502
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Critical Role for the Histone H4 N Terminus in Nucleosome Remodeling by ISWI.
C. R. Clapier, G. Längst, D. F. V. Corona, P. B. Becker, and K. P. Nightingale (2001)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 21, 875-883
   Abstract »    Full Text »
DNA Damage in the Nucleosome Core Is Refractory to Repair by Human Excision Nuclease.
R. Hara, J. Mo, and A. Sancar (2000)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 20, 9173-9181
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Orchestrated response: a symphony of transcription factors for gene control.
B. Lemon and R. Tjian (2000)
Genes & Dev. 14, 2551-2569
   Full Text »
Synthetic Lethal Interactions Suggest a Role for the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rtf1 Protein in Transcription Elongation.
P. J. Costa and K. M. Arndt (2000)
Genetics 156, 535-547
   Abstract »    Full Text »
The N-terminal domains of histones H3 and H4 are not necessary for chromatin assembly factor-1- mediated nucleosome assembly onto replicated DNA in vitro.
K.-i. Shibahara, A. Verreault, and B. Stillman (2000)
PNAS 97, 7766-7771
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
De novo nucleosome assembly: new pieces in an old puzzle.
A. Verreault (2000)
Genes & Dev. 14, 1430-1438
   Full Text »
The protein encoded by the proto-oncogene DEK changes the topology of chromatin and reduces the efficiency of DNA replication in a chromatin-specific manner.
V. Alexiadis, T. Waldmann, J. Andersen, M. Mann, R. Knippers, and C. Gruss (2000)
Genes & Dev. 14, 1308-1312
   Abstract »    Full Text »
The Something About Silencing protein, Sas3, is the catalytic subunit of NuA3, a yTAFII30-containing HAT complex that interacts with the Spt16 subunit of the yeast CP (Cdc68/Pob3)-FACT complex.
S. John, L. Howe, S. T. Tafrov, P. A. Grant, R. Sternglanz, and J. L. Workman (2000)
Genes & Dev. 14, 1196-1208
   Abstract »    Full Text »
SWI-SNF-Mediated Nucleosome Remodeling: Role of Histone Octamer Mobility in the Persistence of the Remodeled State.
M. Jaskelioff, I. M. Gavin, C. L. Peterson, and C. Logie (2000)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 20, 3058-3068
   Abstract »    Full Text »
The Drosophila Brahma complex is an essential coactivator for the trithorax group protein Zeste.
A. J. Kal, T. Mahmoudi, N. B. Zak, and C. P. Verrijzer (2000)
Genes & Dev. 14, 1058-1071
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Mammalian SWI-SNF Complexes Contribute to Activation of the hsp70 Gene.
I. L. de la Serna, K. A. Carlson, D. A. Hill, C. J. Guidi, R. O. Stephenson, S. Sif, R. E. Kingston, and A. N. Imbalzano (2000)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 20, 2839-2851
   Abstract »    Full Text »
ATP-Dependent Chromatin-Remodeling Complexes.
M. Vignali, A. H. Hassan, K. E. Neely, and J. L. Workman (2000)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 20, 1899-1910
   Full Text »
Histone Octamer Dissociation Is Not Required for in Vitro Replication of Simian Virus 40 Minichromosomes.
B. Vestner, T. Waldmann, and C. Gruss (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 8190-8195
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A family of chromatin remodeling factors related to Williams syndrome transcription factor.
D. A. Bochar, J. Savard, W. Wang, D. W. Lafleur, P. Moore, J. Cote, and R. Shiekhattar (2000)
PNAS 97, 1038-1043
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
CAF-1 and the inheritance of chromatin states: at the crossroads of DNA replication and repair.
P Ridgway and G Almouzni (2000)
J. Cell Sci. 113, 2647-2658
   Abstract »    PDF »
ATP-dependent remodeling and acetylation as regulators of chromatin fluidity.
R. E. Kingston and G. J. Narlikar (1999)
Genes & Dev. 13, 2339-2352
   Full Text »
Isolation of Mouse TFIID and Functional Characterization of TBP and TFIID in Mediating Estrogen Receptor and Chromatin Transcription.
S. Y. Wu, M. C. Thomas, S. Y. Hou, V. Likhite, and C. M. Chiang (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 23480-23490
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
ACF consists of two subunits, Acf1 and ISWI, that function cooperatively in the ATP-dependent catalysis of chromatin assembly.
T. Ito, M. E. Levenstein, D. V. Fyodorov, A. K. Kutach, R. Kobayashi, and J. T. Kadonaga (1999)
Genes & Dev. 13, 1529-1539
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Characterization of the Imitation Switch subfamily of ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling factors in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
T. Tsukiyama, J. Palmer, C. C. Landel, J. Shiloach, and C. Wu (1999)
Genes & Dev. 13, 686-697
   Abstract »    Full Text »
The RNA Polymerase II General Transcription Factors: Past, Present, and Future.
D. REINBERG, G. ORPHANIDES, R. EBRIGHT, S. AKOULITCHEV, J. CARCAMO, H. CHO, P. CORTES, R. DRAPKIN, O. FLORES, I. HA, et al. (1998)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 63, 83-105
   Abstract »    PDF »
Purification and Characterization of a Human Factor That Assembles and Remodels Chromatin.
G. LeRoy, A. Loyola, W. S. Lane, and D. Reinberg (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 14787-14790
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Delineation of Three Groups of the ATP-dependent Family of Chromatin Remodeling Enzymes.
L. A. Boyer, C. Logie, E. Bonte, P. B. Becker, P. A. Wade, A. P. Wolffe, C. Wu, A. N. Imbalzano, and C. L. Peterson (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 18864-18870
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Multiple ISWI ATPase Complexes from Xenopus laevis. FUNCTIONAL CONSERVATION OF AN ACF/CHRAC HOMOLOG.
D. Guschin, T. M. Geiman, N. Kikyo, D. J. Tremethick, A. P. Wolffe, and P. A. Wade (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 35248-35255
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
ATP-dependent Nucleosome Remodeling and Histone Hyperacetylation Synergistically Facilitate Transcription of Chromatin.
G. Mizuguchi, A. Vassilev, T. Tsukiyama, Y. Nakatani, and C. Wu (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 14773-14783
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Chromatin Is Permissive to TATA-binding Protein (TBP)-mediated Transcription Initiation.
E. Remboutsika, X. Jacq, and L. Tora (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 12781-12784
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Interaction of FACT, SSRP1, and the High Mobility Group (HMG) Domain of SSRP1 with DNA Damaged by the Anticancer Drug Cisplatin.
A. T. Yarnell, S. Oh, D. Reinberg, and S. J. Lippard (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 25736-25741
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Multistep Chromatin Assembly on Supercoiled Plasmid DNA by Nucleosome Assembly Protein-1 and ATP-utilizing Chromatin Assembly and Remodeling Factor.
T. Nakagawa, M. Bulger, M. Muramatsu, and T. Ito (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 27384-27391
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Facilitated Transcription through the Nucleosome at High Ionic Strength Occurs via a Histone Octamer Transfer Mechanism.
W. Walter and V. M. Studitsky (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 29104-29110
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Differences between the Human ATP-dependent Nucleosome Remodeling Proteins BRG1 and SNF2H.
J. D. Aalfs, G. J. Narlikar, and R. E. Kingston (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 34270-34278
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Histone tails modulate nucleosome mobility and regulate ATP-dependent nucleosome sliding by NURF.
A. Hamiche, J.-G. Kang, C. Dennis, H. Xiao, and C. Wu (2001)
PNAS 98, 14316-14321
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human Elongator facilitates RNA polymerase II transcription through chromatin.
J.-H. Kim, W. S. Lane, and D. Reinberg (2002)
PNAS 99, 1241-1246
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)