Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Science 13 November 1998:
Vol. 282. no. 5392, pp. 1327 - 1332
DOI: 10.1126/science.282.5392.1327
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Reports

A Structural Explanation for the Recognition of Tyrosine-Based Endocytotic Signals

David J. Owen, Philip R. Evans *

Many cell surface proteins are marked for endocytosis by a cytoplasmic sequence motif, tyrosine-X-X-(hydrophobic residue), that is recognized by the µ2 subunit of AP2 adaptors. Crystal structures of the internalization signal binding domain of µ2 complexed with the internalization signal peptides of epidermal growth factor receptor and the trans-Golgi network protein TGN38 have been determined at 2.7 angstrom resolution. The signal peptides adopted an extended conformation rather than the expected tight turn. Specificity was conferred by hydrophobic pockets that bind the tyrosine and leucine in the peptide. In the crystal, the protein forms dimers that could increase the strength and specificity of binding to dimeric receptors.

Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, UK.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: pre{at}mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk

Read the Full Text


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
A Distributed Set of Interactions Controls {micro}2 Functionality in the Role of AP-2 as a Sorting Adaptor in Synaptic Vesicle Endocytosis.
S. H. Kim and T. A. Ryan (2009)
J. Biol. Chem. 284, 32803-32812
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Rapid endocytosis provides restricted somatic expression of a K+ channel in central neurons.
S. A. L. Correa, J. Muller, G. L. Collingridge, and N. V. Marrion (2009)
J. Cell Sci. 122, 4186-4194
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
AP180-Mediated Trafficking of Vamp7B Limits Homotypic Fusion of Dictyostelium Contractile Vacuoles.
Y. Wen, I. Stavrou, K. Bersuker, R. J. Brady, A. De Lozanne, and T. J. O'Halloran (2009)
Mol. Biol. Cell 20, 4278-4288
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
CD82 endocytosis and cholesterol-dependent reorganization of tetraspanin webs and lipid rafts.
C. Xu, Y. H. Zhang, M. Thangavel, M. M. Richardson, L. Liu, B. Zhou, Y. Zheng, R. S. Ostrom, and X. A. Zhang (2009)
FASEB J 23, 3273-3288
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Phosphorylation Sites Ser991 and Tyr998 Are Implicated in the Regulation of Receptor Endocytosis and Phosphorylations at Ser1039 and Thr1041.
J. Tong, P. Taylor, S. M. Peterman, A. Prakash, and M. F. Moran (2009)
Mol. Cell. Proteomics 8, 2131-2144
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Deletion mutants of AP-1 adaptin subunits display distinct phenotypes in fission yeast.
Y. Ma, M. Takeuchi, R. Sugiura, S. O. Sio, and T. Kuno (2009)
Genes Cells 14, 1015-1028
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
TIP47 functions in the biogenesis of lipid droplets.
A. V. Bulankina, A. Deggerich, D. Wenzel, K. Mutenda, J. G. Wittmann, M. G. Rudolph, K. N.J. Burger, and S. Honing (2009)
J. Cell Biol. 185, 641-655
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Clathrin Regulates the Association of PIPKI{gamma}661 with the AP-2 Adaptor {beta}2 Appendage.
J. R. Thieman, S. K. Mishra, K. Ling, B. Doray, R. A. Anderson, and L. M. Traub (2009)
J. Biol. Chem. 284, 13924-13939
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Basic Patch on {alpha}-Adaptin Is Required for Binding of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef and Cooperative Assembly of a CD4-Nef-AP-2 Complex.
R. Chaudhuri, R. Mattera, O. W. Lindwasser, M. S. Robinson, and J. S. Bonifacino (2009)
J. Virol. 83, 2518-2530
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Dopamine D2 Receptor Mutant Capable of G Protein-Mediated Signaling but Deficient in Arrestin Binding.
H. Lan, Y. Liu, M. I. Bell, V. V. Gurevich, and K. A. Neve (2009)
Mol. Pharmacol. 75, 113-123
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
{micro}2 adaptin facilitates but is not essential for synaptic vesicle recycling in Caenorhabditis elegans.
M. Gu, K. Schuske, S. Watanabe, Q. Liu, P. Baum, G. Garriga, and E. M. Jorgensen (2008)
J. Cell Biol. 183, 881-892
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Internalization of LDL-receptor superfamily yolk-protein receptors during mosquito oogenesis involves transcriptional regulation of PTB-domain adaptors.
S. K. Mishra, A. Jha, A. L. Steinhauser, V. A. Kokoza, C. H. Washabaugh, A. S. Raikhel, W. A. Foster, and L. M. Traub (2008)
J. Cell Sci. 121, 1264-1274
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of synaptic inhibition by phospho-dependent binding of the AP2 complex to a YECL motif in the GABAA receptor {gamma}2 subunit.
J. T. Kittler, G. Chen, V. Kukhtina, A. Vahedi-Faridi, Z. Gu, V. Tretter, K. R. Smith, K. McAinsh, I. L. Arancibia-Carcamo, W. Saenger, et al. (2008)
PNAS 105, 3616-3621
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cooperative Binding of the Class I Major Histocompatibility Complex Cytoplasmic Domain and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef to the Endosomal AP-1 Complex via Its {micro} Subunit.
C. M. Noviello, S. Benichou, and J. C. Guatelli (2008)
J. Virol. 82, 1249-1258
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular basis of synaptic vesicle cargo recognition by the endocytic sorting adaptor stonin 2.
N. Jung, M. Wienisch, M. Gu, J. B. Rand, S. L. Muller, G. Krause, E. M. Jorgensen, J. Klingauf, and V. Haucke (2007)
J. Cell Biol. 179, 1497-1510
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Antibody to AP1B Adaptor Blocks Biosynthetic and Recycling Routes of Basolateral Proteins at Recycling Endosomes.
J. Cancino, C. Torrealba, A. Soza, M. I. Yuseff, D. Gravotta, P. Henklein, E. Rodriguez-Boulan, and A. Gonzalez (2007)
Mol. Biol. Cell 18, 4872-4884
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A novel role for a YXX{Phi} motif in directing the caveolin-dependent sorting of membrane-spanning proteins.
F. C. Dorsey, T. Muthusamy, M. A. Whitt, and J. V. Cox (2007)
J. Cell Sci. 120, 2544-2554
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of a novel conserved sorting motif required for retromer-mediated endosome-to-TGN retrieval.
M. N. J. Seaman (2007)
J. Cell Sci. 120, 2378-2389
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Synaptotagmin I binds intestinal epithelial NHE3 and mediates cAMP- and Ca2+-induced endocytosis by recruitment of AP2 and clathrin.
M. W. Musch, D. L. Arvans, M. M. Walsh-Reitz, K. Uchiyama, M. Fukuda, and E. B. Chang (2007)
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 292, G1549-G1558
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The {gamma}/{sigma}1 and {alpha}/{sigma}2 Hemicomplexes of Clathrin Adaptors AP-1 and AP-2 Harbor the Dileucine Recognition Site.
B. Doray, I. Lee, J. Knisely, G. Bu, and S. Kornfeld (2007)
Mol. Biol. Cell 18, 1887-1896
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of Commissureless by the Ubiquitin Ligase DNedd4 Is Required for Neuromuscular Synaptogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster.
B. Ing, A. Shteiman-Kotler, M. Castelli, P. Henry, Y. Pak, B. Stewart, G. L. Boulianne, and D. Rotin (2007)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 27, 481-496
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Analysis of AP-2 {alpha} and {micro}2 Subunits.
A. M. Motley, N. Berg, M. J. Taylor, D. A. Sahlender, J. Hirst, D. J. Owen, and M. S. Robinson (2006)
Mol. Biol. Cell 17, 5298-5308
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Syntenin-1 Is a New Component of Tetraspanin-Enriched Microdomains: Mechanisms and Consequences of the Interaction of Syntenin-1 with CD63.
N. Latysheva, G. Muratov, S. Rajesh, M. Padgett, N. A. Hotchin, M. Overduin, and F. Berditchevski (2006)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 26, 7707-7718
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Crn7 Interacts with AP-1 and Is Required for the Maintenance of Golgi Morphology and Protein Export from the Golgi.
V. Rybakin, N. V. Gounko, K. Spate, S. Honing, I. V. Majoul, R. Duden, and A. A. Noegel (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 31070-31078
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of the Yeast R-SNARE Nyv1p as a Novel Longin Domain-containing Protein.
W. Wen, L. Chen, H. Wu, X. Sun, M. Zhang, and D. K. Banfield (2006)
Mol. Biol. Cell 17, 4282-4299
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Stimulation of phosphatidylinositol kinase type I-mediated phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate synthesis by AP-2{micro}-cargo complexes.
M. Krauss, V. Kukhtina, A. Pechstein, and V. Haucke (2006)
PNAS 103, 11934-11939
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Targeting of Transmembrane Protein Shrew-1 to Adherens Junctions Is Controlled by Cytoplasmic Sorting Motifs.
V. Jakob, A. Schreiner, R. Tikkanen, and A. Starzinski-Powitz (2006)
Mol. Biol. Cell 17, 3397-3408
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Unlocking the Mysteries of Na+-K+-ATPase Endocytosis: Phosphorylation Is the Key..
J. F. Collawn (2006)
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 35, 1-2
   Full Text »    PDF »
Targeting of the Plant Vacuolar Sorting Receptor BP80 Is Dependent on Multiple Sorting Signals in the Cytosolic Tail.
L. L.P. daSilva, O. Foresti, and J. Denecke (2006)
PLANT CELL 18, 1477-1497
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Clathrin Adaptor AP2 Regulates Thrombin Receptor Constitutive Internalization and Endothelial Cell Resensitization.
M. M. Paing, C. A. Johnston, D. P. Siderovski, and J. Trejo (2006)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 26, 3231-3242
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mechanism for Removal of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 from the Cell Surface by the Adenovirus RID{alpha}/{beta} Complex.
Y. R. Chin and M. S. Horwitz (2005)
J. Virol. 79, 13606-13617
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Phospho-dependent binding of the clathrin AP2 adaptor complex to GABAA receptors regulates the efficacy of inhibitory synaptic transmission.
J. T. Kittler, G. Chen, S. Honing, Y. Bogdanov, K. McAinsh, I. L. Arancibia-Carcamo, J. N. Jovanovic, M. N. Pangalos, V. Haucke, Z. Yan, et al. (2005)
PNAS 102, 14871-14876
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
HIV Nef-Mediated CD4 Down-Regulation Is Adaptor Protein Complex 2 Dependent.
Y.-J. Jin, C. Y. Cai, X. Zhang, H.-T. Zhang, J. A. Hirst, and S. J. Burakoff (2005)
J. Immunol. 175, 3157-3164
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Non-canonical YXXG{Phi} endocytic motifs: recognition by AP2 and preferential utilization in P2X4 receptors.
S. J. Royle, O. S. Qureshi, L. K. Bobanovic, P. R. Evans, D. J. Owen, and R. D. Murrell-Lagnado (2005)
J. Cell Sci. 118, 3073-3080
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification and Structural Determination of the M3 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Basolateral Sorting Signal.
H. A. Iverson, D. Fox III, L. S. Nadler, R. E. Klevit, and N. M. Nathanson (2005)
J. Biol. Chem. 280, 24568-24575
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inositol-lipid binding motifs: signal integrators through protein-lipid and protein-protein interactions.
T. Balla (2005)
J. Cell Sci. 118, 2093-2104
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Selective Golgi export of Kir2.1 controls the stoichiometry of functional Kir2.x channel heteromers.
A. Hofherr, B. Fakler, and N. Klocker (2005)
J. Cell Sci. 118, 1935-1943
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Recognition of the Tryptophan-based Endocytosis Signal in the Neonatal Fc Receptor by the {micro} Subunit of Adaptor Protein-2.
N. L. B. Wernick, V. Haucke, and N. E. Simister (2005)
J. Biol. Chem. 280, 7309-7316
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Leucine-Specific, Functional Interactions between Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef and Adaptor Protein Complexes.
S. H. Coleman, N. Van Damme, J. R. Day, C. M. Noviello, D. Hitchin, R. Madrid, S. Benichou, and J. C. Guatelli (2005)
J. Virol. 79, 2066-2078
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cycling of Synaptic Vesicles: How Far? How Fast!.
T. Galli and V. Haucke (2004)
Sci. STKE 2004, re19
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Novel Sorting Signal for Intracellular Localization Is Present in the S Protein of a Porcine Coronavirus but Absent from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-associated Coronavirus.
C. Schwegmann-Wessels, M. Al-Falah, D. Escors, Z. Wang, G. Zimmer, H. Deng, L. Enjuanes, H. Y. Naim, and G. Herrler (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 43661-43666
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Crystal structure of the clathrin adaptor protein 1 core.
E. E. Heldwein, E. Macia, J. Wang, H. L. Yin, T. Kirchhausen, and S. C. Harrison (2004)
PNAS 101, 14108-14113
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Parvovirus Infection of Cells by Using Variants of the Feline Transferrin Receptor Altering Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis, Membrane Domain Localization, and Capsid-Binding Domains.
K. Hueffer, L. M. Palermo, and C. R. Parrish (2004)
J. Virol. 78, 5601-5611
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regions of human kidney anion exchanger 1 (kAE1) required for basolateral targeting of kAE1 in polarised kidney cells: mis-targeting explains dominant renal tubular acidosis (dRTA).
A. M. Toye, G. Banting, and M. J. A. Tanner (2004)
J. Cell Sci. 117, 1399-1410
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Yeast Casein Kinase Yck3p Is Palmitoylated, then Sorted to the Vacuolar Membrane with AP-3-dependent Recognition of a YXX{phi} Adaptin Sorting Signal.
B. Sun, L. Chen, W. Cao, A. F. Roth, and N. G. Davis (2004)
Mol. Biol. Cell 15, 1397-1406
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Definition of the Consensus Motif Recognized by {gamma}-Adaptin Ear Domains.
R. Mattera, B. Ritter, S. S. Sidhu, P. S. McPherson, and J. S. Bonifacino (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 8018-8028
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Involvement of the AP-1 Adaptor Complex in Early Steps of Phagocytosis and Macropinocytosis.
Y. Lefkir, M. Malbouyres, D. Gotthardt, A. Ozinsky, S. Cornillon, F. Bruckert, A. A. Aderem, T. Soldati, P. Cosson, and F. Letourneur (2004)
Mol. Biol. Cell 15, 861-869
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional dissection of the interactions of stonin 2 with the adaptor complex AP-2 and synaptotagmin.
K. Walther, M. K. Diril, N. Jung, and V. Haucke (2004)
PNAS 101, 964-969
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Recognition of dileucine-based sorting signals from HIV-1 Nef and LIMP-II by the AP-1 {gamma}-{sigma}1 and AP-3 {delta}-{sigma}3 hemicomplexes.
K. Janvier, Y. Kato, M. Boehm, J. R. Rose, J. A. Martina, B.-Y. Kim, S. Venkatesan, and J. S. Bonifacino (2003)
J. Cell Biol. 163, 1281-1290
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Novel Cytoplasmic Tail MXXXL Motif Mediates the Internalization of Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen.
S. A. Rajasekaran, G. Anilkumar, E. Oshima, J. U. Bowie, H. Liu, W. Heston, N. H. Bander, and A. K. Rajasekaran (2003)
Mol. Biol. Cell 14, 4835-4845
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tyrosine Phosphorylation of the {beta}2 Subunit of Clathrin Adaptor Complex AP-2 Reveals the Role of a Di-leucine Motif in the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Trafficking.
F. Huang, X. Jiang, and A. Sorkin (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 43411-43417
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Sorting it out: AP-2 and alternate clathrin adaptors in endocytic cargo selection.
L. M. Traub (2003)
J. Cell Biol. 163, 203-208
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Clathrin promotes incorporation of cargo into coated pits by activation of the AP2 adaptor {micro}2 kinase.
A. P. Jackson, A. Flett, C. Smythe, L. Hufton, F. R. Wettey, and E. Smythe (2003)
J. Cell Biol. 163, 231-236
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis in AP-2-depleted cells.
A. Motley, N. A. Bright, M. N.J. Seaman, and M. S. Robinson (2003)
J. Cell Biol. 162, 909-918
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
{sigma}1- and {micro}1-Adaptin Homologues of Leishmania mexicana Are Required for Parasite Survival in the Infected Host.
S. Gokool (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 29400-29409
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A tyrosine-based sorting signal is involved in connexin43 stability and gap junction turnover.
M. A. Thomas, N. Zosso, I. Scerri, N. Demaurex, M. Chanson, and O. Staub (2003)
J. Cell Sci. 116, 2213-2222
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Binding Partners for the COOH-Terminal Appendage Domains of the GGAs and {gamma}-Adaptin.
W. W.Y. Lui, B. M. Collins, J. Hirst, A. Motley, C. Millar, P. Schu, D. J. Owen, and M. S. Robinson (2003)
Mol. Biol. Cell 14, 2385-2398
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Adaptor Complex 2 Directly Interacts with the {alpha}1b-Adrenergic Receptor and Plays a Role in Receptor Endocytosis.
D. Diviani, A.-L. Lattion, L. Abuin, O. Staub, and S. Cotecchia (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 19331-19340
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Cell Surface Expression of SAP-binding Receptor CD229 Is Regulated via Its Interaction with Clathrin-associated Adaptor Complex 2 (AP-2).
J. M. Del Valle, P. Engel, and M. Martin (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 17430-17437
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The AP-1 Clathrin-adaptor Is Required for Lysosomal Enzymes Sorting and Biogenesis of the Contractile Vacuole Complex in Dictyostelium Cells.
Y. Lefkir, B. de Chassey, A. Dubois, A. Bogdanovic, R. J. Brady, O. Destaing, F. Bruckert, T. J. O'Halloran, P. Cosson, and F. Letourneur (2003)
Mol. Biol. Cell 14, 1835-1851
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tyrphostin A23 Inhibits Internalization of the Transferrin Receptor by Perturbing the Interaction between Tyrosine Motifs and the Medium Chain Subunit of the AP-2 Adaptor Complex.
D. N. Banbury, J. D. Oakley, R. B. Sessions, and G. Banting (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 12022-12028
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
AP-1 binding to sorting signals and release from clathrin-coated vesicles is regulated by phosphorylation.
P. Ghosh and S. Kornfeld (2003)
J. Cell Biol. 160, 699-708
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Changing directions: clathrin-mediated transport between the Golgi and endosomes.
I. Hinners and S. A. Tooze (2003)
J. Cell Sci. 116, 763-771
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Trafficking of TrkA-Green Fluorescent Protein Chimerae during Nerve Growth Factor-induced Differentiation.
J. Jullien, V. Guili, E. A. Derrington, J.-L. Darlix, L. F. Reichardt, and B. B. Rudkin (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 8706-8716
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
AP-1 in Toxoplasma gondii Mediates Biogenesis of the Rhoptry Secretory Organelle from a Post-Golgi Compartment.
H. M. Ngo, M. Yang, K. Paprotka, M. Pypaert, H. Hoppe, and K. A. Joiner (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 5343-5352
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
EpsinR: an AP1/clathrin interacting protein involved in vesicle trafficking.
I. G. Mills, G. J.K. Praefcke, Y. Vallis, B. J. Peter, L. E. Olesen, J. L. Gallop, P. J. G. Butler, P. R. Evans, and H. T. McMahon (2003)
J. Cell Biol. 160, 213-222
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia (ARH) protein interfaces directly with the clathrin-coat machinery.
S. K. Mishra, S. C. Watkins, and L. M. Traub (2002)
PNAS 99, 16099-16104
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Adenovirus RID{beta} Subunit Contains a Tyrosine Residue That Is Critical for RID-Mediated Receptor Internalization and Inhibition of Fas- and TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis.
D. L. Lichtenstein, P. Krajcsi, D. J. Esteban, A. E. Tollefson, and W. S. M. Wold (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 11329-11342
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Multiple Internalization Motifs Differentially Used by Prolactin Receptor Isoforms Mediate Similar Endocytic Pathways.
J.-C. Lu, P. Scott, G. J. Strous, and L. A. Schuler (2002)
Mol. Endocrinol. 16, 2515-2527
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of a Non-canonical Tyrosine-based Endocytic Motif in an Ionotropic Receptor.
S. J. Royle, L. K. Bobanovic', and R. D. Murrell-Lagnado (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 35378-35385
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate binding site within {micro}2-adaptin regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
G. Rohde, D. Wenzel, and V. Haucke (2002)
J. Cell Biol. 158, 209-214
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Differential Recognition of Tyrosine-based Basolateral Signals by AP-1B Subunit {micro}1B in Polarized Epithelial Cells.
H. Sugimoto, M. Sugahara, H. Folsch, Y. Koide, F. Nakatsu, N. Tanaka, T. Nishimura, M. Furukawa, C. Mullins, N. Nakamura, et al. (2002)
Mol. Biol. Cell 13, 2374-2382
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Subunit H of the V-ATPase Involved in Endocytosis Shows Homology to beta -Adaptins.
M. Geyer, O. T. Fackler, and B. M. Peterlin (2002)
Mol. Biol. Cell 13, 2045-2056
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mutation of the Dominant Endocytosis Motif in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 gp41 Can Complement Matrix Mutations without Increasing Env Incorporation.
J. T. West, S. K. Weldon, S. Wyss, X. Lin, Q. Yu, M. Thali, and E. Hunter (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 3338-3349
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Differential Recognition of a Tyrosine-Dependent Signal in the Basolateral and Endocytic Pathways of Thyroid Epithelial Cells.
C. Lipardi, G. Ruggiano, L. Perrone, S. Paladino, L. Monlauzeur, L. Nitsch, A. Le Bivic, and C. Zurzolo (2002)
Endocrinology 143, 1291-1301
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
beta -Arrestin/AP-2 Interaction in G Protein-coupled Receptor Internalization. IDENTIFICATION OF A beta -ARRESTIN BINDING SITE IN beta 2-ADAPTIN.
S. A. Laporte, W. E. Miller, K.-M. Kim, and M. G. Caron (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 9247-9254
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Phosphorylation of the AP2 {micro} subunit by AAK1 mediates high affinity binding to membrane protein sorting signals.
D. Ricotta, S. D. Conner, S. L. Schmid, K. von Figura, and S. Honing (2002)
J. Cell Biol. 156, 791-795
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cutting Edge: Internalization of Transduced E-Selectin by Cultured Human Endothelial Cells: Comparison of Dermal Microvascular and Umbilical Vein Cells and Identification of a Phosphoserine-Type Di-leucine Motif.
M. S. Kluger, S. L. Shiao, A. L. M. Bothwell, and J. S. Pober (2002)
J. Immunol. 168, 2091-2095
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
{micro}2 Binding Directs the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator to the Clathrin-mediated Endocytic Pathway.
K. M. Weixel and N. A. Bradbury (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 46251-46259
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Immature Human Dendritic Cells Express Asialoglycoprotein Receptor Isoforms for Efficient Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis.
J. Valladeau, V. Duvert-Frances, J.-J. Pin, M. J. Kleijmeer, S. Ait-Yahia, O. Ravel, C. Vincent, F. Vega Jr., A. Helms, D. Gorman, et al. (2001)
J. Immunol. 167, 5767-5774
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Golgi-localized, gamma-Ear-containing, ADP-Ribosylation Factor-binding Proteins: Roles of the Different Domains and Comparison with AP-1 and Clathrin.
J. Hirst, M. R. Lindsay, and M. S. Robinson (2001)
Mol. Biol. Cell 12, 3573-3588
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Adaptins. The Final Recount.
M. Boehm and J. S. Bonifacino (2001)
Mol. Biol. Cell 12, 2907-2920
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Trafficking and cell surface stability of ENaC.
D. Rotin, V. Kanelis, and L. Schild (2001)
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 281, F391-F399
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Yeast Gga Coat Proteins Function with Clathrin in Golgi to Endosome Transport.
G. Costaguta, C. J. Stefan, E. S. Bensen, S. D. Emr, and G. S. Payne (2001)
Mol. Biol. Cell 12, 1885-1896
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Stonin 2: An Adaptor-like Protein That Interacts with Components of the Endocytic Machinery.
J. A. Martina, C. J. Bonangelino, R. C. Aguilar, and J. S. Bonifacino (2001)
J. Cell Biol. 153, 1111-1120
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Distribution and Function of Ap-1 Clathrin Adaptor Complexes in Polarized Epithelial Cells.
H. Folsch, M. Pypaert, P. Schu, and I. Mellman (2001)
J. Cell Biol. 152, 595-606
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tyrosine Decaging Leads to Substantial Membrane Trafficking during Modulation of an Inward Rectifier Potassium Channel.
Y. Tong, G. S. Brandt, M. Li, G. Shapovalov, E. Slimko, A. Karschin, D. A. Dougherty, and H. A. Lester (2001)
J. Gen. Physiol. 117, 103-118
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Negative Factor from SIV Binds to the Catalytic Subunit of the V-ATPase to Internalize CD4 and to Increase Viral Infectivity.
R. Mandic, O. T. Fackler, M. Geyer, T. Linnemann, Y.-H. Zheng, and B. M. Peterlin (2001)
Mol. Biol. Cell 12, 463-473
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Vps10p Transport from the trans-Golgi Network to the Endosome Is Mediated by Clathrin-coated Vesicles.
O. Deloche, B. G. Yeung, G. S. Payne, and R. Schekman (2001)
Mol. Biol. Cell 12, 475-485
   Abstract »    Full Text »
PTH-Induced Downregulation of the Type IIa Na/Pi-Cotransporter Is Independent of Known Endocytic Motifs.
N. HERNANDO, J. FORGO, J. BIBER, and H. MURER (2000)
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 11, 1961-1968
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Distinct Trafficking Pathways Mediate Nef-Induced and Clathrin-Dependent Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Down-Regulation.
S. Le Gall, F. Buseyne, A. Trocha, B. D. Walker, J.-M. Heard, and O. Schwartz (2000)
J. Virol. 74, 9256-9266
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mutation of a Conserved Residue (D123) Required for Oligomerization of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef Protein Abolishes Interaction with Human Thioesterase and Results in Impairment of Nef Biological Functions.
L. X. Liu, N. Heveker, O. T. Fackler, S. Arold, S. Le Gall, K. Janvier, B. M. Peterlin, C. Dumas, O. Schwartz, S. Benichou, et al. (2000)
J. Virol. 74, 5310-5319
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of a Novel Member of the Chloride Intracellular Channel Gene Family (CLIC5) That Associates with the Actin Cytoskeleton of Placental Microvilli.
M. Berryman and A. Bretscher (2000)
Mol. Biol. Cell 11, 1509-1521
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Bi-directional trafficking between the trans-Golgi network and the endosomal/lysosomal system.
W. Rohn, Y Rouille, S Waguri, and B Hoflack (2000)
J. Cell Sci. 113, 2093-2101
   Abstract »    PDF »
The Inhibitory Function of CTLA-4 Does Not Require Its Tyrosine Phosphorylation.
M. L. Baroja, D. Luxenberg, T. Chau, V. Ling, C. A. Strathdee, B. M. Carreno, and J. Madrenas (2000)
J. Immunol. 164, 49-55
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Efficient Export of the Vesicular Stomatitis Virus G Protein from the Endoplasmic Reticulum Requires a Signal in the Cytoplasmic Tail That Includes Both Tyrosine-based and Di-acidic Motifs.
C. S. Sevier, O. A. Weisz, M. Davis, and C. E. Machamer (2000)
Mol. Biol. Cell 11, 13-22
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Characterization of a Targeting Motif for a Flagellar Membrane Protein in Leishmania enriettii.
E. L. Snapp and S. M. Landfear (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 29543-29548
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Crystal structure of the alpha appendage of AP-2 reveals a recruitment platform for clathrin-coat assembly.
L. M. Traub, M. A. Downs, J. L. Westrich, and D. H. Fremont (1999)
PNAS 96, 8907-8912
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)