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Science 4 September 1998:
Vol. 281. no. 5382, pp. 1519 - 1523
DOI: 10.1126/science.281.5382.1519
Prev | Table of Contents

Reports

Expression of a Gene Cluster kaiABC as a Circadian Feedback Process in Cyanobacteria

Masahiro Ishiura, * Shinsuke Kutsuna, Setsuyuki Aoki, dagger Hideo Iwasaki, Carol R. Andersson, ddagger Akio Tanabe, Susan S. Golden, Carl H. Johnson, Takao Kondo *

Cyanobacteria are the simplest organisms known to have a circadian clock. A circadian clock gene cluster kaiABC was cloned from the cyanobacterium Synechococcus. Nineteen clock mutations were mapped to the three kai genes. Promoter activities upstream of the kaiA and kaiB genes showed circadian rhythms of expression, and both kaiA and kaiBC messenger RNAs displayed circadian cycling. Inactivation of any single kai gene abolished these rhythms and reduced kaiBC-promoter activity. Continuous kaiC overexpression repressed the kaiBC promoter, whereas kaiA overexpression enhanced it. Temporal kaiC overexpression reset the phase of the rhythms. Thus, a negative feedback control of kaiC expression by KaiC generates a circadian oscillation in cyanobacteria, and KaiA sustains the oscillation by enhancing kaiC expression.

M. Ishiura, S. Kutsuna, S. Aoki, H. Iwasaki, A. Tanabe, T. Kondo, Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan. C. R. Andersson and S. S. Golden, Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. C. H. Johnson, Department of Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ishiura (or kondo) @bio.nagoya-u.ac.jp

dagger    Present address: Division of Biological Informatics, Graduate School of Human Informatics, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan.

ddagger    Present address: Department of Cell Biology, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.

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