Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Site Tools

  • AAAS
  • Subscribe
  • Feedback

Site Search

Search Advanced

Science 28 August 1998:
Vol. 281. no. 5381, pp. 1309 - 1312
DOI: 10.1126/science.281.5381.1309
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Review

Mitochondria and Apoptosis

Douglas R. Green and John C. Reed

REVIEW

A variety of key events in apoptosis focus on mitochondria, including the release of caspase activators (such as cytochrome c), changes in electron transport, loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, altered cellular oxidation-reduction, and participation of pro- and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins. The different signals that converge on mitochondria to trigger or inhibit these events and their downstream effects delineate several major pathways in physiological cell death.

D. R. Green is at the La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, 10355 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA. J. C. Reed is at the Burnham Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

Read the Full Text


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
DE-71-Induced Apoptosis Involving Intracellular Calcium and the Bax-Mitochondria-Caspase Protease Pathway in Human Neuroblastoma Cells In Vitro.
K. Yu, Y. He, L. W. Y. Yeung, P. K. S. Lam, R. S. S. Wu, and B. Zhou (2008)
Toxicol. Sci. 104, 341-351
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mitochondrial Respiratory Complex I Regulates Neutrophil Activation and Severity of Lung Injury.
J. W. Zmijewski, E. Lorne, X. Zhao, Y. Tsuruta, Y. Sha, G. Liu, G. P. Siegal, and E. Abraham (2008)
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 178, 168-179
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mitochondrial fission mediates high glucose-induced cell death through elevated production of reactive oxygen species.
T. Yu, S.-S. Sheu, J. L. Robotham, and Y. Yoon (2008)
Cardiovasc Res 79, 341-351
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cysteine Cathepsins Trigger Caspase-dependent Cell Death through Cleavage of Bid and Antiapoptotic Bcl-2 Homologues.
G. Droga-Mazovec, L. Bojic, A. Petelin, S. Ivanova, R. Romih, U. Repnik, G. S. Salvesen, V. Stoka, V. Turk, and B. Turk (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 19140-19150
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dependence of Reactive Oxygen Species and FLICE Inhibitory Protein on Lipofectamine-Induced Apoptosis in Human Lung Epithelial Cells.
L. Kongkaneramit, N. Sarisuta, N. Azad, Y. Lu, A. K. V. Iyer, L. Wang, and Y. Rojanasakul (2008)
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 325, 969-977
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of hypoxic neuronal death signaling by neuroglobin.
A. A. Khan, X. O. Mao, S. Banwait, C. M. DerMardirossian, G. M. Bokoch, K. Jin, and D. A. Greenberg (2008)
FASEB J 22, 1737-1747
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Glucosamine protects neonatal cardiomyocytes from ischemia-reperfusion injury via increased protein O-GlcNAc and increased mitochondrial Bcl-2.
V. Champattanachai, R. B. Marchase, and J. C. Chatham (2008)
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 294, C1509-C1520
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Increased inorganic phosphate induces human endothelial cell apoptosis in vitro.
G. S. Di Marco, M. Hausberg, U. Hillebrand, P. Rustemeyer, W. Wittkowski, D. Lang, and H. Pavenstadt (2008)
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 294, F1381-F1387
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of a Novel Protein MICS1 that is Involved in Maintenance of Mitochondrial Morphology and Apoptotic Release of Cytochrome c.
T. Oka, T. Sayano, S. Tamai, S. Yokota, H. Kato, G. Fujii, and K. Mihara (2008)
Mol. Biol. Cell 19, 2597-2608
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
c-Myc and Caspase-2 Are Involved in Activating Bax during Cytotoxic Drug-induced Apoptosis.
X. Cao, R. L. Bennett, and W. S. May (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 14490-14496
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Lyssavirus-Induced Apoptosis.
A. Gholami, R. Kassis, E. Real, O. Delmas, S. Guadagnini, F. Larrous, D. Obach, M.-C. Prevost, Y. Jacob, and H. Bourhy (2008)
J. Virol. 82, 4774-4784
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regional remodeling strain and its association with myocardial apoptosis after myocardial infarction in an ovine model..
G. K. Yankey, T. Li, A. Kilic, G. Cheng, A. Satpute, K. Savai, S. Li, S. L. Moainie, D. Prastein, C. DeFillipi, et al. (2008)
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 135, 991-998.e2
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mechanisms of Antileukemic Activity of the Novel Bcl-2 Homology Domain-3 Mimetic GX15-070 (Obatoclax).
M. Konopleva, J. Watt, R. Contractor, T. Tsao, D. Harris, Z. Estrov, W. Bornmann, H. Kantarjian, J. Viallet, I. Samudio, et al. (2008)
Cancer Res. 68, 3413-3420
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Theiler's Virus-Induced Intrinsic Apoptosis in M1-D Macrophages Is Bax Mediated and Restricts Virus Infectivity: a Mechanism for Persistence of a Cytolytic Virus.
K.-N. Son, R. P. Becker, P. Kallio, and H. L. Lipton (2008)
J. Virol. 82, 4502-4510
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Post-cardiac arrest management: more than global cooling?.
D. C. Bouch, J. P. Thompson, and M. S. Damian (2008)
Br. J. Anaesth. 100, 591-594
   Full Text »    PDF »
Mechanism of Synergy of N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)Retinamide and ABT-737 in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cell Lines: Mcl-1 Inactivation.
M. H. Kang, Z. Wan, Y. H. Kang, R. Sposto, and C. P. Reynolds (2008)
J Natl Cancer Inst 100, 580-595
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Differential Regulation of Bax and Bak by Anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 Family Proteins Bcl-B and Mcl-1.
D. Zhai, C. Jin, Z. Huang, A. C. Satterthwait, and J. C. Reed (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 9580-9586
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
An Unexpected Functional Link between Lysosomal Thiol Reductase and Mitochondrial Manganese Superoxide Dismutase.
B. Bogunovic, M. Stojakovic, L. Chen, and M. Maric (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 8855-8862
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mechanisms of varicose vein formation: valve dysfunction and wall dilation.
J D Raffetto and R A Khalil (2008)
Phlebology 23, 85-98
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Desflurane Affords Greater Protection Than Halothane in the Function of Mitochondria Against Forebrain Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rats.
B. Zhang, X. Wei, X. Cui, H. Zhou, W. Ding, and W. Li (2008)
Anesth. Analg. 106, 1242-1249
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Xenon and Hypothermia Combine Additively, Offering Long-Term Functional and Histopathologic Neuroprotection After Neonatal Hypoxia/Ischemia.
C. Hobbs, M. Thoresen, A. Tucker, K. Aquilina, E. Chakkarapani, and J. Dingley (2008)
Stroke 39, 1307-1313
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein-Overexpressing Teniposide-Resistant Human Lymphomas Undergo Apoptosis by a Tubulin-Binding Agent.
R. Aneja, M. Liu, C. Yates, J. Gao, X. Dong, B. Zhou, S. N. Vangapandu, J. Zhou, and H. C. Joshi (2008)
Cancer Res. 68, 1495-1503
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Apple procyanidins induce tumor cell apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway activation of caspase-3.
T. Miura, M. Chiba, K. Kasai, H. Nozaka, T. Nakamura, T. Shoji, T. Kanda, Y. Ohtake, and T. Sato (2008)
Carcinogenesis 29, 585-593
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
RNA suppression of ERK2 leads to collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential with acute oxidative stress in human lens epithelial cells.
J. M. Flynn, D. A. Lannigan, D. E. Clark, M. H. Garner, and P. R. Cammarata (2008)
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 294, E589-E599
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Cell Cycle Factor E2F-1 Activates Bnip3 and the Intrinsic Death Pathway in Ventricular Myocytes.
N. Yurkova, J. Shaw, K. Blackie, D. Weidman, R. Jayas, B. Flynn, and L. A. Kirshenbaum (2008)
Circ. Res. 102, 472-479
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Morphological and biochemical changes in the Harderian gland of hypothyroid rats.
R. Monteforte, A. Santillo, A. Lanni, S. D'Aniello, and G. C. Baccari (2008)
J. Exp. Biol. 211, 606-612
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Regulates Cytochrome c Release for Apoptosis during Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by Remodeling the Cristae Junction.
D. Zhang, C. Lu, M. Whiteman, B. Chance, and J. S. Armstrong (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 3476-3486
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Programmed cell death in plants: distinguishing between different modes.
T. J. Reape, E. M. Molony, and P. F. McCabe (2008)
J. Exp. Bot.
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The hypersensitive response; the centenary is upon us but how much do we know?.
L. A. J. Mur, P. Kenton, A. J. Lloyd, H. Ougham, and E. Prats (2008)
J. Exp. Bot. 59, 501-520
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Kinetic Model for Ca2+-induced Permeability Transition in Energized Liver Mitochondria Discriminates between Inhibitor Mechanisms.
S. V. Baranov, I. G. Stavrovskaya, A. M. Brown, A. M. Tyryshkin, and B. S. Kristal (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 665-676
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Pivotal Role of the Cyclin-dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1 in Apoptosis and Autophagy.
K. Fujiwara, S. Daido, A. Yamamoto, R. Kobayashi, T. Yokoyama, H. Aoki, E. Iwado, N. Shinojima, Y. Kondo, and S. Kondo (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 388-397
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Role of Mitochondrial and Oxidative Injury in BDE 47 Toxicity to Human Fetal Liver Hematopoietic Stem Cells.
J. Shao, C. C. White, M. J. Dabrowski, T. J. Kavanagh, M. L. Eckert, and E. P. Gallagher (2008)
Toxicol. Sci. 101, 81-90
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular mechanism of black tea polyphenols induced apoptosis in human skin cancer cells: involvement of Bax translocation and mitochondria mediated death cascade.
B. Halder, U. Bhattacharya, S. Mukhopadhyay, and A. K. Giri (2008)
Carcinogenesis 29, 129-138
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Peroxide Is a Key Mediator of Bcl-2 Down-Regulation and Apoptosis Induction by Cisplatin in Human Lung Cancer Cells.
L. Wang, P. Chanvorachote, D. Toledo, C. Stehlik, R. R. Mercer, V. Castranova, and Y. Rojanasakul (2008)
Mol. Pharmacol. 73, 119-127
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Exercise enhances myocardial ischemic tolerance via an opioid receptor-dependent mechanism.
E. W. Dickson, C. P. Hogrefe, P. S. Ludwig, L. W. Ackermann, L. L. Stoll, and G. M. Denning (2008)
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 294, H402-H408
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
ARMS Depletion Facilitates UV Irradiation Induced Apoptotic Cell Death in Melanoma.
Y.-H. Liao, S.-M. Hsu, and P.-H. Huang (2007)
Cancer Res. 67, 11547-11556
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Effects of Organ Culture and Optisol-GS Storage on Structural Integrity, Phenotypes, and Apoptosis in Cultured Corneal Epithelium.
S. Raeder, T. P. Utheim, O. A. Utheim, B. Nicolaissen, B. Roald, Y. Cai, K. Haug, A. Kvalheim, E. B. Messelt, L. Drolsum, et al. (2007)
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 48, 5484-5493
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Sublethal concentrations of gemcitabine (2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine) alter mitochondrial ultrastructure and function without reducing mitochondrial DNA content in BxPC-3 human pancreatic carcinoma cells.
T. Yeo, J Kintner, R Armand, R Perez, and L. Lewis (2007)
Human and Experimental Toxicology 26, 911-921
   Abstract »    PDF »
Cellular Defense Mechanisms against Benzo[a]pyrene in Testicular Leydig Cells: Implications of p53, Aryl-Hydrocarbon Receptor, and Cytochrome P450 1A1 Status.
J.-Y. Chung, J. Y. Kim, Y.-J. Kim, S. J. Jung, J.-E. Park, S. G. Lee, J. T. Kim, S. Oh, C. J. Lee, Y.-D. Yoon, et al. (2007)
Endocrinology 148, 6134-6144
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mitochondria, Calcium, and Calpain are Key Mediators of Resveratrol-Induced Apoptosis in Breast Cancer.
D. Sareen, S. R. Darjatmoko, D. M. Albert, and A. S. Polans (2007)
Mol. Pharmacol. 72, 1466-1475
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Nitric Oxide and Mitochondrial Signaling: From Physiology to Pathophysiology.
J. D. Erusalimsky and S. Moncada (2007)
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 27, 2524-2531
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
PPAR{alpha} Protects Proximal Tubular Cells from Acute Fatty Acid Toxicity.
Y. Kamijo, K. Hora, K. Kono, K. Takahashi, M. Higuchi, T. Ehara, K. Kiyosawa, H. Shigematsu, F. J. Gonzalez, and T. Aoyama (2007)
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 18, 3089-3100
   Full Text »    PDF »
Coxiella burnetii Inhibits Activation of Host Cell Apoptosis through a Mechanism That Involves Preventing Cytochrome c Release from Mitochondria.
A. Luhrmann and C. R. Roy (2007)
Infect. Immun. 75, 5282-5289
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dexamethasone-induced apoptosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia involves differential regulation of Bcl-2 family members.
E. Laane, T. Panaretakis, K. Pokrovskaja, E. Buentke, M. Corcoran, S. Soderhall, M. Heyman, J. Mazur, B. Zhivotovsky, A. Porwit, et al. (2007)
Haematologica 92, 1460-1469
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inhibition of MEK Sensitizes Human Melanoma Cells to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Apoptosis.
C. C. Jiang, L. H. Chen, S. Gillespie, Y. F. Wang, K. A. Kiejda, X. D. Zhang, and P. Hersey (2007)
Cancer Res. 67, 9750-9761
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Fowlpox Virus Encodes a Bcl-2 Homologue That Protects Cells from Apoptotic Death through Interaction with the Proapoptotic Protein Bak.
L. Banadyga, J. Gerig, T. Stewart, and M. Barry (2007)
J. Virol. 81, 11032-11045
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Benzo[a]pyrene Induces Apoptosis in RL95-2 Human Endometrial Cancer Cells by Cytochrome P450 1A1 Activation.
J. Y. Kim, J.-Y. Chung, J.-E. Park, S. G. Lee, Y.-J. Kim, M.-S. Cha, M. S. Han, H.-J. Lee, Y. H. Yoo, and J.-M. Kim (2007)
Endocrinology 148, 5112-5122
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Intrinsic mitochondrial dysfunction in ATM-deficient lymphoblastoid cells.
M. Ambrose, J. V. Goldstine, and R. A. Gatti (2007)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 16, 2154-2164
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cadmium-induced ceramide formation triggers calpain-dependent apoptosis in cultured kidney proximal tubule cells.
W.-K. Lee, B. Torchalski, and F. Thevenod (2007)
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 293, C839-C847
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Activation of apoptotic processes during transition from hypertrophy to heart failure in guinea pigs.
A. K. Sharma, S. Dhingra, N. Khaper, and P. K. Singal (2007)
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 293, H1384-H1390
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
JNK3 Signaling Pathway Activates Ceramide Synthase Leading to Mitochondrial Dysfunction.
J. Yu, S. A. Novgorodov, D. Chudakova, H. Zhu, A. Bielawska, J. Bielawski, L. M. Obeid, M. S. Kindy, and T. I. Gudz (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 25940-25949
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mechanism of Cell Death Caused by Complex I Defects in a Rat Dopaminergic Cell Line.
M. Marella, B. B. Seo, A. Matsuno-Yagi, and T. Yagi (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 24146-24156
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Targeting human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (hOGG1) to mitochondria enhances cisplatin cytotoxicity in hepatoma cells.
H. Zhang, T. Mizumachi, J. Carcel-Trullols, L. Li, A. Naito, H. J. Spencer, P. M. Spring, B. R. Smoller, A. J. Watson, G. P. Margison, et al. (2007)
Carcinogenesis 28, 1629-1637
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Survival Factor Withdrawal-induced Apoptosis of TF-1 Cells Involves a TRB2-Mcl-1 Axis-dependent Pathway.
K.-R. Lin, S.-F. Lee, C.-M. Hung, C.-L. Li, H.-F. Yang-Yen, and J. J. Y. Yen (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 21962-21972
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Melatonin Is Able to Reduce the Apoptotic Liver Changes Induced by Aging Via Inhibition of the Intrinsic Pathway of Apoptosis.
V. Molpeceres, J. L. Mauriz, M. V. Garcia-Mediavilla, P. Gonzalez, J. P. Barrio, and J. Gonzalez-Gallego (2007)
J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 62, 687-695
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Chondrocyte apoptosis in the regenerated articular cartilage after allogenic chondrocyte transplantation in the rabbit knee.
J. H. Lee, K. V. B. Prakash, Y. H. Pengatteeri, S. E. Park, H. S. Koh, and C. W. Han (2007)
J Bone Joint Surg Br 89-B, 977-983
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Sequential Activation of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1, Calpains, and Bax Is Essential in Apoptosis-Inducing Factor-Mediated Programmed Necrosis.
R. S. Moubarak, V. J. Yuste, C. Artus, A. Bouharrour, P. A. Greer, J. Menissier-de Murcia, and S. A. Susin (2007)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 27, 4844-4862
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Manganese Induces Oxidative Impairment in Cultured Rat Astrocytes.
D. Milatovic, Z. Yin, R. C. Gupta, M. Sidoryk, J. Albrecht, J. L. Aschner, and M. Aschner (2007)
Toxicol. Sci. 98, 198-205
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
TRAIL therapy in non-small cell lung cancer cells: sensitization to death receptor-mediated apoptosis by proteasome inhibitor bortezomib.
J. Voortman, T. P. Resende, M. A.I. Abou El Hassan, G. Giaccone, and F. A.E. Kruyt (2007)
Mol. Cancer Ther. 6, 2103-2112
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Protein kinase C isoform-dependent modulation of ATP-sensitive K+ channels in mitochondrial inner membrane.
V. Garg and K. Hu (2007)
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 293, H322-H332
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
STAT1 Activation Causes Translocation of Bax to the Endoplasmic Reticulum during the Resolution of Airway Mucous Cell Hyperplasia by IFN-{gamma}.
B. A. Stout, K. Melendez, J. Seagrave, M. J. Holtzman, B. Wilson, J. Xiang, and Y. Tesfaigzi (2007)
J. Immunol. 178, 8107-8116
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Atiprimod inhibits the growth of mantle cell lymphoma in vitro and in vivo and induces apoptosis via activating the mitochondrial pathways.
M. Wang, L. Zhang, X. Han, J. Yang, J. Qian, S. Hong, F. Samaniego, J. Romaguera, and Q. Yi (2007)
Blood 109, 5455-5462
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Unique Dimeric Structure of BNip3 Transmembrane Domain Suggests Membrane Permeabilization as a Cell Death Trigger.
E. V. Bocharov, Y. E. Pustovalova, K. V. Pavlov, P. E. Volynsky, M. V. Goncharuk, Y. S. Ermolyuk, D. V. Karpunin, A. A. Schulga, M. P. Kirpichnikov, R. G. Efremov, et al. (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 16256-16266
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Apoptotic signaling induces hyperpermeability following hemorrhagic shock.
E. W. Childs, B. Tharakan, F. A. Hunter, J. H. Tinsley, and X. Cao (2007)
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 292, H3179-H3189
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of Ionizing Radiation-induced Apoptosis by Mitochondrial NADP+-dependent Isocitrate Dehydrogenase.
J. H. Lee, S. Y. Kim, I. S. Kil, and J.-W. Park (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 13385-13394
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Induces Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress in Murine Lung Epithelial Cells.
S. M. Wells and A. Holian (2007)
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 36, 520-528
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Sulforaphane sensitizes tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-mediated apoptosis through downregulation of ERK and Akt in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells.
C.-Y. Jin, D.-O. Moon, J.-D. Lee, M.-S. Heo, Y. H. Choi, C.-M. Lee, Y.-M. Park, and G.-Y. Kim (2007)
Carcinogenesis 28, 1058-1066
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Vitamin E Analogs, a Novel Group of "Mitocans," as Anticancer Agents: The Importance of Being Redox-Silent.
J. Neuzil, M. Tomasetti, Y. Zhao, L.-F. Dong, M. Birringer, X.-F. Wang, P. Low, K. Wu, B. A. Salvatore, and S. J. Ralph (2007)
Mol. Pharmacol. 71, 1185-1199
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cigarette smoke-induced blockade of the mitochondrial respiratory chain switches lung epithelial cell apoptosis into necrosis.
M. van der Toorn, D.-J. Slebos, H. G. de Bruin, H. G. Leuvenink, S. J. L. Bakker, R. O. B. Gans, G. H. Koeter, A. J. M. van Oosterhout, and H. F. Kauffman (2007)
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 292, L1211-L1218
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Caspase activity during cell stasis: avoidance of apoptosis in an invertebrate extremophile, Artemia franciscana.
M. A. Menze and S. C. Hand (2007)
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 292, R2039-R2047
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Enhanced suicidal death of erythrocytes from gene-targeted mice lacking the Cl-/HCO3- exchanger AE1.
A. Akel, C. A. Wagner, J. Kovacikova, Ravi. S. Kasinathan, V. Kiedaisch, S. Koka, S. L. Alper, I. Bernhardt, T. Wieder, S. M. Huber, et al. (2007)
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 292, C1759-C1767
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Taming a Protein-Protein Interaction: The Design and Synthesis of IAP Antagonists.
C. S. Straub, S. K. Sharma, and L. S. Zawel (2007)
Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. Educ. Book 2007, 117-122
   Full Text »    PDF »
Transgenic Expression of A20 Prevents Cardiac Cell Death and Myocardial Dysfunction After Myocardial Infarction.
J. Shaw, I. A. Eydelnant, and L. A. Kirshenbaum (2007)
Circulation 115, 1827-1829
   Full Text »    PDF »
Mitochondrial Localization and Function of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Cigarette Smoke-Induced Cell Death.
D.-J. Slebos, S. W. Ryter, M. van der Toorn, F. Liu, F. Guo, C. J. Baty, J. M. Karlsson, S. C. Watkins, H. P. Kim, X. Wang, et al. (2007)
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 36, 409-417
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mitochondrial Genome Integrity Mutations Uncouple the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATP Synthase.
Y. Wang, U. Singh, and D. M. Mueller (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 8228-8236
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Overexpression of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling-3 in T Cells Exacerbates Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity.
K. Numata, M. Kubo, H. Watanabe, K. Takagi, H. Mizuta, S. Okada, S. L. Kunkel, T. Ito, and A. Matsukawa (2007)
J. Immunol. 178, 3777-3785
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Effect of Aging and Caloric Restriction on the Mitochondrial Proteome.
J. Chang, J. E. Cornell, H. Van Remmen, K. Hakala, W. F. Ward, and A. Richardson (2007)
J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 62, 223-234
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Hypoxia Protects Human Corneal Endothelium from Tertiary Butyl Hydroperoxide and Paraquat-Induced Cell Death In Vitro.
Q. Cheng, T. Nguyen, H. Song, and J. Bonanno (2007)
Experimental Biology and Medicine 232, 445-453
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Suppression of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress Provides Long-term Neuroprotection in Experimental Optic Neuritis.
X. Qi, A. S. Lewin, L. Sun, W. W. Hauswirth, and J. Guy (2007)
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 48, 681-691
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Kinetics of occurrence of some features of apoptosis during the cryopreservation process of bovine spermatozoa.
G. Martin, N. Cagnon, O. Sabido, B. Sion, G. Grizard, P. Durand, and R. Levy (2007)
Hum. Reprod. 22, 380-388
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mitochondria play an important role in 17beta-estradiol attenuation of H2O2-induced rat endothelial cell apoptosis.
A. Lu, M. Frink, M. A. Choudhry, W. J. Hubbard, L. W. Rue III, K. I. Bland, and I. H. Chaudry (2007)
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 292, E585-E593
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Species- and tissue-specific relationships between mitochondrial permeability transition and generation of ROS in brain and liver mitochondria of rats and mice.
A. Panov, S. Dikalov, N. Shalbuyeva, R. Hemendinger, J. T. Greenamyre, and J. Rosenfeld (2007)
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 292, C708-C718
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Internalization Is Essential for the Antiapoptotic Effects of Exogenous Thymosin {beta}-4 on Human Corneal Epithelial Cells.
J. H.-C. Ho, C.-H. Chuang, C.-Y. Ho, Y.-R. V. Shih, O. K.-S. Lee, and Y. Su (2007)
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 48, 27-33
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Influence on Mitochondria and Cytotoxicity of Different Antibiotics Administered in High Concentrations on Primary Human Osteoblasts and Cell Lines.
N. Duewelhenke, O. Krut, and P. Eysel (2007)
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 54-63
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Protective Effects of Piceatannol against Beta-Amyloid-Induced Neuronal Cell Death.
H. J. KIM, K. W. LEE, and H. J. LEE (2007)
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1095, 473-482
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ghrelin Inhibits Apoptosis in Hypothalamic Neuronal Cells during Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation.