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Science 5 June 1998:
Vol. 280. no. 5369, pp. 1618 - 1620
DOI: 10.1126/science.280.5369.1618
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Reports

Entry of Alphaherpesviruses Mediated by Poliovirus Receptor-Related Protein 1 and Poliovirus Receptor

Robert J. Geraghty, Claude Krummenacher, Gary H. Cohen, Roselyn J. Eisenberg, Patricia G. Spear *

A human member of the immunoglobulin superfamily was shown to mediate entry of several alphaherpesviruses, including herpes simplex viruses (HSV) 1 and 2, porcine pseudorabies virus (PRV), and bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1). This membrane glycoprotein is poliovirus receptor-related protein 1 (Prr1), designated here as HveC. Incubation of HSV-1 with a secreted form of HveC inhibited subsequent infection of a variety of cell lines, suggesting that HveC interacts directly with the virus. Poliovirus receptor (Pvr) itself mediated entry of PRV and BHV-1 but not of the HSV strains tested. HveC was expressed in human cells of epithelial and neuronal origin; it is the prime candidate for the coreceptor that allows both HSV-1 and HSV-2 to infect epithelial cells on mucosal surfaces and spread to cells of the nervous system.

R. J. Geraghty and P. G. Spear, Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
C. Krummenacher and G. H. Cohen, School of Dental Medicine and Center for Oral Health Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
R. J. Eisenberg, Center for Oral Health Research and School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
R. J. Geraghty and P. G. Spear, Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
C. Krummenacher and G. H. Cohen, School of Dental Medicine and Center for Oral Health Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
R. J. Eisenberg, Center for Oral Health Research and School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: p-spear{at}nwu.edu

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L. Q. Bundesen (2004)
PNAS 101, 12411-12413
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Inaugural Article: Mutations in herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D that prevent cell entry via nectins and alter cell tropism.
S. Manoj, C. R. Jogger, D. Myscofski, M. Yoon, and P. G. Spear (2004)
PNAS 101, 12414-12421
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Cellular and Viral Requirements for Rapid Endocytic Entry of Herpes Simplex Virus.
A. V. Nicola and S. E. Straus (2004)
J. Virol. 78, 7508-7517
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DNAM-1 and PVR Regulate Monocyte Migration through Endothelial Junctions.
N. Reymond, A.-M. Imbert, E. Devilard, S. Fabre, C. Chabannon, L. Xerri, C. Farnarier, C. Cantoni, C. Bottino, A. Moretta, et al. (2004)
J. Exp. Med. 199, 1331-1341
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The soluble ectodomain of herpes simplex virus gD contains a membrane-proximal pro-fusion domain and suffices to mediate virus entry.
F. Cocchi, D. Fusco, L. Menotti, T. Gianni, R. J. Eisenberg, G. H. Cohen, and G. Campadelli-Fiume (2004)
PNAS 101, 7445-7450
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The Herpes Simplex Virus JMP Mutant Enters Receptor-Negative J Cells through a Novel Pathway Independent of the Known Receptors nectin1, HveA, and nectin2.
F. Cocchi, L. Menotti, V. Di Ninni, M. Lopez, and G. Campadelli-Fiume (2004)
J. Virol. 78, 4720-4729
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Nectin-like Molecule-5/Tage4 Enhances Cell Migration in an Integrin-dependent, Nectin-3-independent Manner.
W. Ikeda, S. Kakunaga, K. Takekuni, T. Shingai, K. Satoh, K. Morimoto, M. Takeuchi, T. Imai, and Y. Takai (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 18015-18025
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Herpes simplex virus type 1 infection of polarized epithelial cells requires microtubules and access to receptors present at cell-cell contact sites.
S. Marozin, U. Prank, and B. Sodeik (2004)
J. Gen. Virol. 85, 775-786
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A role for 3-O-sulfated heparan sulfate in cell fusion induced by herpes simplex virus type 1.
V. Tiwari, C. Clement, M. B. Duncan, J. Chen, J. Liu, and D. Shukla (2004)
J. Gen. Virol. 85, 805-809
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Genetics of cleft lip and palate: syndromic genes contribute to the incidence of non-syndromic clefts.
P. Stanier and G. E. Moore (2004)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 13, R73-R81
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In Vivo Role of Nectin-1 in Entry of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 through the Vaginal Mucosa.
M. M. Linehan, S. Richman, C. Krummenacher, R. J. Eisenberg, G. H. Cohen, and A. Iwasaki (2004)
J. Virol. 78, 2530-2536
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Resistance to pseudorabies virus infection in transformed cell lines expressing a soluble form of porcine herpesvirus entry mediator C.
E. Ono, K. Amagai, S. Yoshino, S. Taharaguchi, M. Inobe, and T. Uede (2004)
J. Gen. Virol. 85, 173-178
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Identification of a Heparin-Binding Motif on Adeno-Associated Virus Type 2 Capsids.
A. Kern, K. Schmidt, C. Leder, O. J. Muller, C. E. Wobus, K. Bettinger, C. W. Von der Lieth, J. A. King, and J. A. Kleinschmidt (2003)
J. Virol. 77, 11072-11081
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Herpesvirus Entry: an Update.
P. G. Spear and R. Longnecker (2003)
J. Virol. 77, 10179-10185
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Characterization of the CD200 Receptor Family in Mice and Humans and Their Interactions with CD200.
G. J. Wright, H. Cherwinski, M. Foster-Cuevas, G. Brooke, M. J. Puklavec, M. Bigler, Y. Song, M. Jenmalm, D. Gorman, T. McClanahan, et al. (2003)
J. Immunol. 171, 3034-3046
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Herpes simplex virus type 1 exhibits a tropism for basal entry in polarized epithelial cells.
M. Schelhaas, M. Jansen, I. Haase, and D. Knebel-Morsdorf (2003)
J. Gen. Virol. 84, 2473-2484
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Reovirus Receptors and Pathogenesis.
J. C. Forrest and T. S. Dermody (2003)
J. Virol. 77, 9109-9115
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Mutations in the N Termini of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and 2 gDs Alter Functional Interactions with the Entry/Fusion Receptors HVEM, Nectin-2, and 3-O-Sulfated Heparan Sulfate but Not with Nectin-1.
M. Yoon, A. Zago, D. Shukla, and P. G. Spear (2003)
J. Virol. 77, 9221-9231
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Specific Association of Glycoprotein B with Lipid Rafts during Herpes Simplex Virus Entry.
F. C. Bender, J. C. Whitbeck, M. Ponce de Leon, H. Lou, R. J. Eisenberg, and G. H. Cohen (2003)
J. Virol. 77, 9542-9552
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