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Science 29 May 1998:
Vol. 280. no. 5368, pp. 1378 - 1383
DOI: 10.1126/science.280.5368.1378
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Articles

Signals That Regulate Food Intake and Energy Homeostasis

Stephen C. Woods, * Randy J. Seeley, Daniel Porte Jr., Michael W. Schwartz

Feeding behavior is critical for survival. In addition to providing all of the body's macronutrients (carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins) and most micronutrients (minerals and vitamins), feeding behavior is a fundamental aspect of energy homeostasis, the process by which body fuel stored in the form of adipose tissue is held constant over long intervals. For this process to occur, the amount of energy consumed must match precisely the amount of energy expended. This review focuses on the molecular signals that modulate food intake while integrating the body's immediate and long-term energy needs.

S. C. Woods and R. J. Seeley are in the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Post Office Box 670559, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0559, USA. D. Porte Jr. and M. W. Schwartz are in the Department of Medicine, University of Washington and Veterans Administration Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: swoods{at}uc.campus.mci.net

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The human intronless melanocortin 4-receptor gene is NMD insensitive.
K. S. Brocke, G. Neu-Yilik, N. H. Gehring, M. W. Hentze, and A. E. Kulozik (2002)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 11, 331-335
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Central Administration of Oleic Acid Inhibits Glucose Production and Food Intake.
S. Obici, Z. Feng, K. Morgan, D. Stein, G. Karkanias, and L. Rossetti (2002)
Diabetes 51, 271-275
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Brain Pathways Controlling Food Intake and Body Weight.
M. W. Schwartz (2001)
Experimental Biology and Medicine 226, 978-981
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Opioid and Cholecystokinin Antagonists Alleviate Gastric Inhibition of Food Intake by Premeal Loads of Casein in Meal-Fed Rats.
M. A. Froetschel, M. J. Azain, G. L. Edwards, C. R. Barb, and H. E. Amos (2001)
J. Nutr. 131, 3270-3276
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Histamine H1 receptors mediate the anorectic action of the pancreatic hormone amylin.
A. Mollet, T. A. Lutz, S. Meier, T. Riediger, P. A. Rushing, and E. Scharrer (2001)
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 281, R1442-R1448
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Seasonally Inappropriate Body Weight Induced by Food Restriction: Effect on Hypothalamic Gene Expression in Male Siberian Hamsters.
J. G. Mercer, K. M. Moar, T. J. Logie, P. A. Findlay, C. L. Adam, and P. J. Morgan (2001)
Endocrinology 142, 4173-4181
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Effect of leptin on intestinal apolipoprotein AIV in response to lipid feeding.
T. Doi, M. Liu, R. J. Seeley, S. C. Woods, and P. Tso (2001)
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 281, R753-R759
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Postnatal changes in concentrations of free and bound leptin.
T K Hytinantti, M Juntunen, H A Koistinen, V A Koivisto, S-L Karonen, and S Andersson (2001)
Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. 85, F123-126
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Modest Overexpression of Neuropeptide Y in the Brain Leads to Obesity After High-Sucrose Feeding.
T. Kaga, A. Inui, M. Okita, A. Asakawa, N. Ueno, M. Kasuga, M. Fujimiya, N. Nishimura, R. Dobashi, Y. Morimoto, et al. (2001)
Diabetes 50, 1206-1210
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Intestinal satiety protein apolipoprotein AIV is synthesized and regulated in rat hypothalamus.
M. Liu, T. Doi, L. Shen, S. C. Woods, R. J. Seeley, S. Zheng, A. Jackman, and P. Tso (2001)
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 280, R1382-R1387
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Leptin-Induced Nuclear Translocation of STAT3 Immunoreactivity in Hypothalamic Nuclei Involved in Body Weight Regulation.
T. Hubschle, E. Thom, A. Watson, J. Roth, S. Klaus, and W. Meyerhof (2001)
J. Neurosci. 21, 2413-2424
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cardiovascular and metabolic responses to fasting and thermoneutrality are conserved in obese Zucker rats.
J. M. Overton, T. D. Williams, J. B. Chambers, and M. E. Rashotte (2001)
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 280, R1007-R1015
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


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