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Science 27 February 1998:
Vol. 279. no. 5355, pp. 1341 - 1344
DOI: 10.1126/science.279.5355.1341
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Reports

The Role of Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions in Tropical Cooling During the Last Glacial Maximum

Andrew B. G. Bush, * S. George H. Philander

A simulation with a coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model configured for the Last Glacial Maximum delivered a tropical climate that is much cooler than that produced by atmosphere-only models. The main reason is a decrease in tropical sea surface temperatures, up to 6°C in the western tropical Pacific, which occurs because of two processes. The trade winds induce equatorial upwelling and zonal advection of cold water that further intensify the trade winds, and an exchange of water occurs between the tropical and extratropical Pacific in which the poleward surface flow is balanced by equatorward flow of cold water in the thermocline. Simulated tropical temperature depressions are of the same magnitude as those that have been proposed from recent proxy data.

A. B. G. Bush, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, 126 Earth Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E3.
S. G. H. Philander, Department of Geosciences, Guyot Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: andrew.bush{at}ualberta.ca

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