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Science 31 October 1997:
Vol. 278. no. 5339, pp. 840 - 843
DOI: 10.1126/science.278.5339.840
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Reports

A Porous Silicon-Based Optical Interferometric Biosensor

Victor S.-Y. Lin, Kianoush Motesharei, Keiki-Pua S. Dancil, Michael J. Sailor, * M. Reza Ghadiri *

A biosensor has been developed based on induced wavelength shifts in the Fabry-Perot fringes in the visible-light reflection spectrum of appropriately derivatized thin films of porous silicon semiconductors. Binding of molecules induced changes in the refractive index of the porous silicon. The validity and sensitivity of the system are demonstrated for small organic molecules (biotin and digoxigenin), 16-nucleotide DNA oligomers, and proteins (streptavidin and antibodies) at pico- and femtomolar analyte concentrations. The sensor is also highly effective for detecting single and multilayered molecular assemblies.

V. S.-Y. Lin, K. Motesharei, M. R. Ghadiri, Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
K.-P. S. Dancil and M. J. Sailor, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed.

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