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Science 12 September 1997:
Vol. 277. no. 5332, pp. 1659 - 1662
DOI: 10.1126/science.277.5332.1659
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Reports

Maternal Care, Hippocampal Glucocorticoid Receptors, and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Responses to Stress

Dong Liu, Josie Diorio, Beth Tannenbaum, Christian Caldji, Darlene Francis, Alison Freedman, Shakti Sharma, Deborah Pearson, Paul M. Plotsky, Michael J. Meaney *

Variations in maternal care affect the development of individual differences in neuroendocrine responses to stress in rats. As adults, the offspring of mothers that exhibited more licking and grooming of pups during the first 10 days of life showed reduced plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone responses to acute stress, increased hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor messenger RNA expression, enhanced glucocorticoid feedback sensitivity, and decreased levels of hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone messenger RNA. Each measure was significantly correlated with the frequency of maternal licking and grooming (all r's > -0.6). These findings suggest that maternal behavior serves to "program" hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses to stress in the offspring.

D. Liu, J. Diorio, B. Tannenbaum, C. Caldji, D. Francis, A. Freedman, S. Sharma, D. Pearson, M. J. Meaney, Developmental Neuroendocrinology Laboratory, Douglas Hospital Research Center, Departments of Psychiatry, and Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada H4H 1R3.
P. M. Plotsky, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed.

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