Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Science 21 February 1997:
Vol. 275. no. 5303, pp. 1126 - 1129
DOI: 10.1126/science.275.5303.1126
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Reports

Interaction and Regulation of Subcellular Localization of CED-4 by CED-9

Dayang Wu, Herschel D. Wallen, Gabriel Nuñez *

The Caenorhabditis elegans survival gene ced-9 regulates ced-4 activity and inhibits cell death, but the mechanism by which this occurs is unknown. Through a genetic screen for CED-4-binding proteins, CED-9 was identified as an interacting partner of CED-4. CED-9, but not loss-of-function mutants, associated specifically with CED-4 in yeast or mammalian cells. The CED-9 protein localized primarily to intracellular membranes and the perinuclear region, whereas CED-4 was distributed in the cytosol. Expression of CED-9, but not a mutant lacking the carboxy-terminal hydrophobic domain, targeted CED-4 from the cytosol to intracellular membranes in mammalian cells. Thus, the actions of CED-4 and CED-9 are directly linked, which could provide the basis for the regulation of programmed cell death in C. elegans.

Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: gabriel.nunez{at}umich.edu

Read the Full Text


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Adenine Nucleotide Translocator Cooperates with Core Cell Death Machinery To Promote Apoptosis in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Q. Shen, F. Qin, Z. Gao, J. Cui, H. Xiao, Z. Xu, and C. Yang (2009)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 29, 3881-3893
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human Bcl-2 cannot directly inhibit the Caenorhabditis elegans Apaf-1 homologue CED-4, but can interact with EGL-1.
A. M. Jabbour, M. A. Puryer, J. Y. Yu, T. Lithgow, C. D. Riffkin, D. M. Ashley, D. L. Vaux, P. G. Ekert, and C. J. Hawkins (2006)
J. Cell Sci. 119, 2572-2582
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
RNA Aptamers Targeting the Cell Death Inhibitor CED-9 Induce Cell Killing in Caenorhabditis elegans.
C. Yang, N. Yan, J. Parish, X. Wang, Y. Shi, and D. Xue (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 9137-9144
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Apoptosis in the development and treatment of cancer.
R. Gerl and D. L. Vaux (2005)
Carcinogenesis 26, 263-270
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dietary Corn Oil Promotes Colon Cancer by Inhibiting Mitochondria-Dependent Apoptosis in Azoxymethane-Treated Rats.
B. Wu, R. Iwakiri, A. Ootani, S. Tsunada, T. Fujise, Y. Sakata, H. Sakata, S. Toda, and K. Fujimoto (2004)
Experimental Biology and Medicine 229, 1017-1025
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Nuclear Localization of Apoptosis Protease Activating Factor-1 Predicts Survival after Tumor Resection in Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
B. Besse, C. Cande, J.-P. Spano, A. Martin, D. Khayat, T. Le Chevalier, T. Tursz, L. Sabatier, J.-C. Soria, and G. Kroemer (2004)
Clin. Cancer Res. 10, 5665-5669
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Caenorhabditis elegans pvl-5 Gene Protects Hypodermal Cells From ced-3-Dependent, ced-4-Independent Cell Death.
P. Joshi and D. M. Eisenmann (2004)
Genetics 167, 673-685
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ischemic preconditioning attenuates ischemia-reperfusion-induced mucosal apoptosis by inhibiting the mitochondria-dependent pathway in rat small intestine.
B. Wu, A. Ootani, R. Iwakiri, T. Fujise, S. Tsunada, S. Toda, and K. Fujimoto (2004)
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 286, G580-G587
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Fas-mediated Apoptosis in Neuroblastoma Requires Mitochondrial Activation and Is Inhibited by FLICE Inhibitor Protein and bcl-2.
V. Poulaki, N. Mitsiades, M. E. Romero, and M. Tsokos (2001)
Cancer Res. 61, 4864-4872
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Proteases for Cell Suicide: Functions and Regulation of Caspases.
H. Y. Chang and X. Yang (2000)
Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 64, 821-846
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transduction of Dendritic Cells with Bcl-xL Increases Their Resistance to Prostate Cancer-Induced Apoptosis and Antitumor Effect in Mice.
G. Pirtskhalaishvili, G. V. Shurin, A. Gambotto, C. Esche, M. Wahl, Z. R. Yurkovetsky, P. D. Robbins, and M. R. Shurin (2000)
J. Immunol. 165, 1956-1964
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Upregulation of the Bcl-2 family of proteins in end stage heart failure.
N. Latif, M. A. Khan, E. Birks, A. O'Farrell, J. Westbrook, M. J. Dunn, and M. H. Yacoub (2000)
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 35, 1769-1777
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Apoptotic Protease Activating Factor 1 (Apaf-1)-Independent Cell Death Suppression by Bcl-2.
M. Haraguchi, S. Torii, S.-i. Matsuzawa, Z. Xie, S. Kitada, S. Krajewski, H. Yoshida, T. W. Mak, and J. C. Reed (2000)
J. Exp. Med. 191, 1709-1720
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Pro-Apoptotic Apoptosis Protease-Activating Factor 1 (Apaf-1) Has a Cytoplasmic Localization Distinct from Bcl-2 or Bcl-XL.
G. Hausmann, L. A. O'Reilly, R. van Driel, J. G. Beaumont, A. Strasser, J. M. Adams, and D. C.S. Huang (2000)
J. Cell Biol. 149, 623-634
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
M11l: A Novel Mitochondria-Localized Protein of Myxoma Virus That Blocks Apoptosis of Infected Leukocytes.
H. Everett, M. Barry, S. F. Lee, X. Sun, K. Graham, J. Stone, R. C. Bleackley, and G. McFadden (2000)
J. Exp. Med. 191, 1487-1498
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human Cytosolic and Mitochondrial Folylpolyglutamate Synthetase Are Electrophoretically Distinct. EXPRESSION IN ANTIFOLATE-SENSITIVE AND -RESISTANT HUMAN CELL LINES.
J. J. McGuire, C. A. Russell, and M. Balinska (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 13012-13016
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tetrocarcin A Inhibits Mitochondrial Functions of Bcl-2 and Suppresses Its Anti-apoptotic Activity.
T. Nakashima, M. Miura, and M. Hara (2000)
Cancer Res. 60, 1229-1235
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Translocation of C. elegans CED-4 to Nuclear Membranes During Programmed Cell Death.
F. Chen, B. M. Hersh, B. Conradt, Z. Zhou, D. Riemer, Y. Gruenbaum, and H. R. Horvitz (2000)
Science 287, 1485-1489
   Abstract »    Full Text »
ARC Inhibits Cytochrome c Release From Mitochondria and Protects Against Hypoxia-Induced Apoptosis in Heart-Derived H9c2 Cells.
D. Ekhterae, Z. Lin, M. S. Lundberg, M. T. Crow, F. C. Brosius III, and G. Nunez (1999)
Circ. Res. 85 , e70-e77
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of Acidification and Apoptosis by SHP-1 and Bcl-2.
M. Thangaraju, K. Sharma, B. Leber, D. W. Andrews, S.-H. Shen, and C. B. Srikant (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 29549-29557
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
All along the watchtower: on the regulation of apoptosis regulators.
B. FADEEL, B. ZHIVOTOVSKY, and S. ORRENIUS (1999)
FASEB J 13, 1647-1657
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Hepatocyte growth factor promotes renal epithelial cell survival by dual mechanisms.
Y. Liu (1999)
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 277, F624-F633
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inflammatory Cytokine Regulation of Fas-mediated Apoptosis in Thyroid Follicular Cells.
J. D. Bretz, P. L. Arscott, A. Myc, and J. R. Baker Jr. (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 25433-25438
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dysregulation of Apoptosis in Cancer.
J. C. Reed (1999)
J. Clin. Oncol. 17, 2941
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bcl-2 family members do not inhibit apoptosis by binding the caspase activator Apaf-1.
K. Moriishi, D. C. S. Huang, S. Cory, and J. M. Adams (1999)
PNAS 96, 9683-9688
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL Block Thapsigargin-Induced Nitric Oxide Generation, c-Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase Activity, and Apoptosis.
R. K. Srivastava, S. J. Sollott, L. Khan, R. Hansford, E. G. Lakatta, and D. L. Longo (1999)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 5659-5674
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Postmitochondrial regulation of apoptosis during heart failure.
J. C. Reed and G. Paternostro (1999)
PNAS 96, 7614-7616
   Full Text »    PDF »
Btf, a Novel Death-Promoting Transcriptional Repressor That Interacts with Bcl-2-Related Proteins.
G. M. Kasof, L. Goyal, and E. White (1999)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 4390-4404
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Nod1, an Apaf-1-like Activator of Caspase-9 and Nuclear Factor-kappa B.
N. Inohara, T. Koseki, L. del Peso, Y. Hu, C. Yee, S. Chen, R. Carrio, J. Merino, D. Liu, J. Ni, et al. (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 14560-14567
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Deletion of the loop region of Bcl-2 completely blocks paclitaxel-induced apoptosis.
R. K. Srivastava, Q.-S. Mi, J. M. Hardwick, and D. L. Longo (1999)
PNAS 96, 3775-3780
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Activation of Membrane-associated Procaspase-3 Is Regulated by Bcl-2.
J. F. Krebs, R. C. Armstrong, A. Srinivasan, T. Aja, A. M. Wong, A. Aboy, R. Sayers, B. Pham, T. Vu, K. Hoang, et al. (1999)
J. Cell Biol. 144, 915-926
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
BCL-2 Blocks Perforin-induced Nuclear Translocation of Granzymes Concomitant with Protection against the Nuclear Events of Apoptosis.
D. A. Jans, V. R. Sutton, P. Jans, C. J. Froelich, and J. A. Trapani (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 3953-3961
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Proapoptotic activity of Caenorhabditis elegans CED-4 protein in Drosophila: Implicated mechanisms for caspase activation.
H. Kanuka, S. Hisahara, K. Sawamoto, S.-i. Shoji, H. Okano, and M. Miura (1999)
PNAS 96, 145-150
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
C. elegans MAC-1, an essential member of the AAA family of ATPases, can bind CED-4 and prevent cell death.
D Wu, P. Chen, S Chen, Y Hu, G Nunez, and R. Ellis (1999)
Development 126, 2021-2031
   Abstract »    PDF »
Cell death and cell protection genes determine the fate of pistils in maize.
A Calderon-Urrea and S. Dellaporta (1999)
Development 126, 435-441
   Abstract »    PDF »
Bcl-2 Prevents Caspase-independent Cell Death.
S.-i. Okuno, S. Shimizu, T. Ito, M. Nomura, E. Hamada, Y. Tsujimoto, and H. Matsuda (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 34272-34277
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Caenorhabditis elegans EGL-1 Disrupts the Interaction of CED-9 with CED-4 and Promotes CED-3 Activation.
L. del Peso, V. M. Gonzalez, and G. Nunez (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 33495-33500
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Diva, a Bcl-2 Homologue that Binds Directly to Apaf-1 and Induces BH3-independent Cell Death.
N. Inohara, T. S. Gourley, R. Carrio, M. Muniz, J. Merino, I. Garcia, T. Koseki, Y. Hu, S. Chen, and G. Nunez (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 32479-32486
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cell death throes.
S. Cory (1998)
PNAS 95, 12077-12079
   Full Text »    PDF »
Regulated Targeting of BAX to Mitochondria.
I. S. Goping, A. Gross, J. N. Lavoie, M. Nguyen, R. Jemmerson, K. Roth, S. J. Korsmeyer, and G. C. Shore (1998)
J. Cell Biol. 143, 207-215
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
E1B 19,000-Molecular-Weight Protein Interacts with and Inhibits CED-4-Dependent, FLICE-Mediated Apoptosis.
J. Han, H. D. Wallen, G. Nuñez, and E. White (1998)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 18, 6052-6062
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Mcl-1 Expression in Human Neutrophils: Regulation by Cytokines and Correlation With Cell Survival.
D. A. Moulding, J. A. Quayle, C. A. Hart, and S. W. Edwards (1998)
Blood 92, 2495-2502
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Bcl-2 Protein Family: Arbiters of Cell Survival.
J. M. Adams and S. Cory (1998)
Science 281, 1322-1326
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Regulation of Bcl-xl Channel Activity by Calcium.
M. Lam, M. B. Bhat, G. Nunez, J. Ma, and C. W. Distelhorst (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 17307-17310
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Death Inhibitory Molecules CED-9 and CED-4L Use a Common Mechanism to Inhibit the CED-3 Death Protease.
D. Chaudhary, K. O'Rourke, A. M. Chinnaiyan, and V. M. Dixit (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 17708-17712
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
E1B 19K Inhibits Fas-mediated Apoptosis through FADD-dependent Sequestration of FLICE.
D. Perez and E. White (1998)
J. Cell Biol. 141, 1255-1266
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Proteases to die for.
V. Cryns and J. Yuan (1998)
Genes & Dev. 12, 1551-1570
   Full Text »
Potassium Leakage During the Apoptotic Degradation Phase.
B. Dallaporta, T. Hirsch, S. A. Susin, N. Zamzami, N. Larochette, C. Brenner, I. Marzo, and G. Kroemer (1998)
J. Immunol. 160, 5605-5615
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bax directly induces release of cytochrome c from isolated mitochondria.
J. M. Jurgensmeier, Z. Xie, Q. Deveraux, L. Ellerby, D. Bredesen, and J. C. Reed (1998)
PNAS 95, 4997-5002
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bcl-XL interacts with Apaf-1 and inhibits Apaf-1-dependent caspase-9 activation.
Y. Hu, M. A. Benedict, D. Wu, N. Inohara, and G. Nunez (1998)
PNAS 95, 4386-4391
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mtd, a Novel Bcl-2 Family Member Activates Apoptosis in the Absence of Heterodimerization with Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL.
N. Inohara, D. Ekhterae, I. Garcia, R. Carrio, J. Merino, A. Merry, S. Chen, and G. Nunez (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 8705-8710
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Systemic Overexpression of BCL-2 in the Hematopoietic System Protects Transgenic Mice From the Consequences of Lethal Irradiation.
J. Domen, K. L. Gandy, and I. L. Weissman (1998)
Blood 91, 2272-2282
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Caspase-3 Precursor Has a Cytosolic and Mitochondrial Distribution: Implications for Apoptotic Signaling.
M. Mancini, D. W. Nicholson, S. Roy, N. A. Thornberry, E. P. Peterson, L. A. Casciola-Rosen, and A. Rosen (1998)
J. Cell Biol. 140, 1485-1495
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Defects in the Ubiquitin Pathway Induce Caspase-independent Apoptosis Blocked by Bcl-2.
L. Monney, I. Otter, R. Olivier, H. L. Ozer, A. L. Haas, S. Omura, and C. Borner (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 6121-6131
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Caspase-9, Bcl-XL, and Apaf-1 Form a Ternary Complex.
G. Pan, K. O'Rourke, and V. M. Dixit (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 5841-5845
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bcl-xL Functions Downstream of Caspase-8 to Inhibit Fas- and Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1-induced Apoptosis of MCF7 Breast Carcinoma Cells.
A. Srinivasan, F. Li, A. Wong, L. Kodandapani, R. Smidt Jr., J. F. Krebs, L. C. Fritz, J. C. Wu, and K. J. Tomaselli (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 4523-4529
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bcl-2 prevents apoptotic mitochondrial dysfunction by regulating proton flux.
S. Shimizu, Y. Eguchi, W. Kamiike, Y. Funahashi, A. Mignon, V. Lacronique, H. Matsuda, and Y. Tsujimoto (1998)
PNAS 95, 1455-1459
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bcl-XL Cooperatively Associates with the Bap31 Complex in the Endoplasmic Reticulum, Dependent on Procaspase-8 and Ced-4 Adaptor.
F. W. H. Ng and G. C. Shore (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 3140-3143
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bcl-xL Acts Downstream of Caspase-8 Activation by the CD95 Death-inducing Signaling Complex.
J. P. Medema, C. Scaffidi, P. H. Krammer, and M. E. Peter (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 3388-3393
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
To Die or Not to Die: An Overview of Apoptosis and Its Role in Disease.
S. W. Hetts (1998)
JAMA 279, 300-307
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Modulation of cell death by Bcl-xL through caspase interaction.
R. J. Clem, E. H.-Y. Cheng, C. L. Karp, D. G. Kirsch, K. Ueno, A. Takahashi, M. B. Kastan, D. E. Griffin, W. C. Earnshaw, M. A. Veliuona, et al. (1998)
PNAS 95, 554-559
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Caenorhabditis elegans anti-apoptotic gene ced-9 prevents ced-3-induced cell death in Drosophila cells.
S Hisahara, H Kanuka, S Shoji, S Yoshikawa, H Okano, and M Miura (1998)
J. Cell Sci. 111, 667-673
   Abstract »    PDF »
Transforming Potential of the Herpesvirus Oncoprotein MEQ: Morphological Transformation, Serum-Independent Growth, and Inhibition of Apoptosis.
J.-L. Liu, Y. Ye, L. F. Lee, and H.-J. Kung (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 388-395
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The E1B 19K/Bcl-2-binding Protein Nip3 is a Dimeric Mitochondrial Protein that Activates Apoptosis.
G. Chen, R. Ray, D. Dubik, L. Shi, J. Cizeau, R. C. Bleackley, S. Saxena, R. D. Gietz, and A. H. Greenberg (1997)
J. Exp. Med. 186, 1975-1983
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Apoptosis-Suppressor Gene bcl-2 Expression after Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats.
R. S. B. Clark, J. Chen, S. C. Watkins, P. M. Kochanek, M. Chen, R. A. Stetler, J. E. Loeffert, and S. H. Graham (1997)
J. Neurosci. 17, 9172-9182
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cell-specific Induction of Apoptosis by Microinjection of Cytochrome c. Bcl-xL HAS ACTIVITY INDEPENDENT OF CYTOCHROME c RELEASE.
F. Li, A. Srinivasan, Y. Wang, R. C. Armstrong, K. J. Tomaselli, and L. C. Fritz (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 30299-30305
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bcl-2 Counters Apoptosis by Bax Heterodimerization-dependent and -independent Mechanisms in the T-cell Lineage.
E. G. St. Clair, S. J. Anderson, and Z. N. Oltvai (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 29347-29355
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bok is a pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein with restricted expression in reproductive tissues and heterodimerizes with selective anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members.
S. Y. Hsu, A. Kaipia, E. McGee, M. Lomeli, and A. J. W. Hsueh (1997)
PNAS 94, 12401-12406
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Crystal Structure of Rat Bcl-xL. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FUNCTION OF THE Bcl-2 PROTEIN FAMILY.
M. Aritomi, N. Kunishima, N. Inohara, Y. Ishibashi, S. Ohta, and K. Morikawa (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 27886-27892
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
MRIT, a novel death-effector domain-containing protein, interacts with caspases and BclXL and initiates cell death.
D. K. M. Han, P. M. Chaudhary, M. E. Wright, C. Friedman, B. J. Trask, R. T. Riedel, D. G. Baskin, S. M. Schwartz, and L. Hood (1997)
PNAS 94, 11333-11338
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
CLARP, a death effector domain-containing protein interacts with caspase-8 and regulates apoptosis.
N. Inohara, T. Koseki, Y. Hu, S. Chen, and G. Nunez (1997)
PNAS 94, 10717-10722
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Immunohistochemical Analysis of Interleukin-1beta -Converting Enzyme/Ced-3 Family Protease, CPP32/Yama/Caspase-3, in Hodgkin's Disease.
M. Chhanabhai, S. Krajewski, M. Krajewska, H.-G. Wang, J. C. Reed, and R. D. Gascoyne (1997)
Blood 90, 2451-2455
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Interaction and Regulation of the Caenorhabditis elegans Death Protease CED-3 by CED-4 and CED-9.
D. Wu, H. D. Wallen, N. Inohara, and G. Nunez (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 21449-21454
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Structural and Functional Complementation of an Inactive Bcl-2 Mutant by Bax Truncation.
S. Ottilie, J.-L. Diaz, J. Chang, G. Wilson, K. M. Tuffo, S. Weeks, M. McConnell, Y. Wang, T. Oltersdorf, and L. C. Fritz (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 16955-16961
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Caenorhabditis elegans Sex Determination Protein FEM-1 Is a CED-3 Substrate That Associates with CED-4 and Mediates Apoptosis in Mammalian Cells.
S.-L. Chan, K. S. Y. Yee, K. M. L. Tan, and V. C. Yu (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 17925-17928
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Disruption of the CED-9{middle dot}CED-4 Complex by EGL-1 Is a Critical Step for Programmed Cell Death in Caenorhabditis elegans.
L. del Peso, V. M. Gonzalez, N. Inohara, R. E. Ellis, and G. Nunez (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 27205-27211
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bcl-xL Blocks Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1-induced Apoptosis by Inhibiting Cytochrome c Release and Not by Directly Antagonizing Apaf-1-dependent Caspase Activation in Prostate Epithelial Cells.
J. E. Chipuk, M. Bhat, A. Y. Hsing, J. Ma, and D. Danielpour (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 26614-26621
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)