Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Science 24 January 1997:
Vol. 275. no. 5299, pp. 527 - 530
DOI: 10.1126/science.275.5299.527
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Reports

A Legume Ethylene-Insensitive Mutant Hyperinfected by Its Rhizobial Symbiont

R. Varma Penmetsa and Douglas R. Cook *

Development of the Rhizobium-legume symbiosis is controlled by the host plant, although the underlying mechanisms have remained obscure. A mutant in the annual legume Medicago truncatula exhibits an increase of more than an order of magnitude in the number of persistent rhizobial infections. Physiological and genetic analyses indicate that this same mutation confers insensitivity to the plant hormone ethylene for multiple aspects of plant development, including nodulation. These data support the hypothesis that ethylene is a component of the signaling pathway controlling rhizobial infection of legumes.

Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Crop Biotechnology Center, and Graduate Program in Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Read the Full Text


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
(Homo)glutathione Depletion Modulates Host Gene Expression during the Symbiotic Interaction between Medicago truncatula and Sinorhizobium meliloti.
C. Pucciariello, G. Innocenti, W. Van de Velde, A. Lambert, J. Hopkins, M. Clement, M. Ponchet, N. Pauly, S. Goormachtig, M. Holsters, et al. (2009)
Plant Physiology 151, 1186-1196
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Knockdown of CELL DIVISION CYCLE16 Reveals an Inverse Relationship between Lateral Root and Nodule Numbers and a Link to Auxin in Medicago truncatula.
K. T. Kuppusamy, S. Ivashuta, B. Bucciarelli, C. P. Vance, J. S. Gantt, and K. A. VandenBosch (2009)
Plant Physiology 151, 1155-1166
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ethylene insensitivity conferred by a mutated Arabidopsis ethylene receptor gene alters nodulation in transgenic Lotus japonicus.
D. Lohar, J. Stiller, J. Kam, G. Stacey, and P. M. Gresshoff (2009)
Ann. Bot. 104, 277-285
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Novel ABA Insensitive Mutant of Lotus japonicus with a Wilty Phenotype Displays Unaltered Nodulation Regulation.
B. Biswas, P. K. Chan, and P. M. Gresshoff (2009)
Mol Plant 2, 487-499
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
De Novo Organ Formation from Differentiated Cells: Root Nodule Organogenesis.
M. Crespi and F. Frugier (2008)
Science Signaling 1, re11
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The model symbiotic association between Medicago truncatula cv. Jemalong and Rhizobium meliloti strain 2011 leads to N-stressed plants when symbiotic N2 fixation is the main N source for plant growth.
D. Moreau, A.-S. Voisin, C. Salon, and N. Munier-Jolain (2008)
J. Exp. Bot. 59, 3509-3522
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Abscisic Acid Coordinates Nod Factor and Cytokinin Signaling during the Regulation of Nodulation in Medicago truncatula.
Y. Ding, P. Kalo, C. Yendrek, J. Sun, Y. Liang, J. F. Marsh, J. M. Harris, and G. E.D. Oldroyd (2008)
PLANT CELL 20, 2681-2695
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
EFD Is an ERF Transcription Factor Involved in the Control of Nodule Number and Differentiation in Medicago truncatula.
T. Vernie, S. Moreau, F. de Billy, J. Plet, J.-P. Combier, C. Rogers, G. Oldroyd, F. Frugier, A. Niebel, and P. Gamas (2008)
PLANT CELL 20, 2696-2713
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Soybean Seed Extracts Preferentially Express Genomic Loci of Bradyrhizobium japonicum in the Initial Interaction with Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.
M. Wei, T. Yokoyama, K. Minamisawa, H. Mitsui, M. Itakura, T. Kaneko, S. Tabata, K. Saeki, H. Omori, S. Tajima, et al. (2008)
DNA Res 15, 201-214
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Positive Regulatory Role for LjERF1 in the Nodulation Process Is Revealed by Systematic Analysis of Nodule-Associated Transcription Factors of Lotus japonicus.
E. Asamizu, Y. Shimoda, H. Kouchi, S. Tabata, and S. Sato (2008)
Plant Physiology 147, 2030-2040
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Differential response of the plant Medicago truncatula to its symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti or an exopolysaccharide-deficient mutant.
K. M. Jones, N. Sharopova, D. P. Lohar, J. Q. Zhang, K. A. VandenBosch, and G. C. Walker (2008)
PNAS 105, 704-709
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of ethylene in the protection of tomato plants against soil-borne fungal pathogens conferred by an endophytic Fusarium solani strain.
N. Kavroulakis, S. Ntougias, G. I. Zervakis, C. Ehaliotis, K. Haralampidis, and K. K. Papadopoulou (2007)
J. Exp. Bot.
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
An IRE-Like AGC Kinase Gene, MtIRE, Has Unique Expression in the Invasion Zone of Developing Root Nodules in Medicago truncatula.
C. I. Pislariu and R. Dickstein (2007)
Plant Physiology 144, 682-694
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The MtMMPL1 Early Nodulin Is a Novel Member of the Matrix Metalloendoproteinase Family with a Role in Medicago truncatula Infection by Sinorhizobium meliloti.
J.-P. Combier, T. Vernie, F. de Billy, F. El Yahyaoui, R. Mathis, and P. Gamas (2007)
Plant Physiology 144, 703-716
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Overlap of Proteome Changes in Medicago truncatula in Response to Auxin and Sinorhizobium meliloti.
G. E. van Noorden, T. Kerim, N. Goffard, R. Wiblin, F. I. Pellerone, B. G. Rolfe, and U. Mathesius (2007)
Plant Physiology 144, 1115-1131
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Medicago truncatula NIN Is Essential for Rhizobial-Independent Nodule Organogenesis Induced by Autoactive Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase.
J. F. Marsh, A. Rakocevic, R. M. Mitra, L. Brocard, J. Sun, A. Eschstruth, S. R. Long, M. Schultze, P. Ratet, and G. E.D. Oldroyd (2007)
Plant Physiology 144, 324-335
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Factors involved in root formation in Medicago truncatula.
N. Imin, M. Nizamidin, T. Wu, and B. G. Rolfe (2007)
J. Exp. Bot. 58, 439-451
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Members of the ethylene signalling pathway are regulated in sugarcane during the association with nitrogen-fixing endophytic bacteria.
J. Cavalcante, C Vargas, E. Nogueira, F Vinagre, K Schwarcz, J. Baldani, P. Ferreira, and A. Hemerly (2007)
J. Exp. Bot. 58, 673-686
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mesorhizobium loti Produces nodPQ-Dependent Sulfated Cell Surface Polysaccharides.
G. E. Townsend II, L. S. Forsberg, and D. H. Keating (2006)
J. Bacteriol. 188, 8560-8572
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
ENOD40 affects elongation growth in tobacco Bright Yellow-2 cells by alteration of ethylene biosynthesis kinetics.
T. Ruttink, K. Boot, J. Kijne, T. Bisseling, and H. Franssen (2006)
J. Exp. Bot. 57, 3271-3282
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Ethylene-Insensitive sickle Mutant of Medicago truncatula Shows Altered Auxin Transport Regulation during Nodulation.
J. Prayitno, B. G. Rolfe, and U. Mathesius (2006)
Plant Physiology 142, 168-180
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Expression of the 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Deaminase Gene Requires Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Regulator Gene nifA2 in Mesorhizobium loti MAFF303099..
N. Nukui, K. Minamisawa, S.-I. Ayabe, and T. Aoki (2006)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 72, 4964-4969
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Root meristems in Medicago truncatula tissue culture arise from vascular-derived procambial-like cells in a process regulated by ethylene.
R. J. Rose, X.-D. Wang, K. E. Nolan, and B. G. Rolfe (2006)
J. Exp. Bot. 57, 2227-2235
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Knockdown of an Arbuscular Mycorrhiza-inducible Phosphate Transporter Gene of Lotus japonicus Suppresses Mutualistic Symbiosis.
D. Maeda, K. Ashida, K. Iguchi, S. A. Chechetka, A. Hijikata, Y. Okusako, Y. Deguchi, K. Izui, and S. Hata (2006)
Plant Cell Physiol. 47, 807-817
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and glutathione: key players in the legume-Rhizobium symbiosis.
N. Pauly, C. Pucciariello, K. Mandon, G. Innocenti, A. Jamet, E. Baudouin, D. Herouart, P. Frendo, and A. Puppo (2006)
J. Exp. Bot. 57, 1769-1776
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tracing Nonlegume Orthologs of Legume Genes Required for Nodulation and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbioses.
H. Zhu, B. K. Riely, N. J. Burns, and J.-M. Ane (2006)
Genetics 172, 2491-2499
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Defective Long-Distance Auxin Transport Regulation in the Medicago truncatula super numeric nodules Mutant.
G. E. van Noorden, J. J. Ross, J. B. Reid, B. G. Rolfe, and U. Mathesius (2006)
Plant Physiology 140, 1494-1506
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Shoot-applied MeJA Suppresses Root Nodulation in Lotus japonicus.
T. Nakagawa and M. Kawaguchi (2006)
Plant Cell Physiol. 47, 176-180
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcript Analysis of Early Nodulation Events in Medicago truncatula.
D. P. Lohar, N. Sharopova, G. Endre, S. Penuela, D. Samac, C. Town, K. A.T. Silverstein, and K. A. VandenBosch (2006)
Plant Physiology 140, 221-234
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Gibberellins Are Involved in Nodulation of Sesbania rostrata.
S. Lievens, S. Goormachtig, J. Den Herder, W. Capoen, R. Mathis, P. Hedden, and M. Holsters (2005)
Plant Physiology 139, 1366-1379
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Grafting between model legumes demonstrates roles for roots and shoots in determining nodule type and host/rhizobia specificity.
D. P. Lohar and K. A. VandenBosch (2005)
J. Exp. Bot. 56, 1643-1650
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Invasion of Lotus japonicus root hairless 1 by Mesorhizobium loti Involves the Nodulation Factor-Dependent Induction of Root Hairs.
B. Karas, J. Murray, M. Gorzelak, A. Smith, S. Sato, S. Tabata, and K. Szczyglowski (2005)
Plant Physiology 137, 1331-1344
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of the Lotus japonicus Symbiotic Mutant lot1 That Shows a Reduced Nodule Number and Distorted Trichomes.
Y. Ooki, M. Banba, K. Yano, J. Maruya, S. Sato, S. Tabata, K. Saeki, M. Hayashi, M. Kawaguchi, K. Izui, et al. (2005)
Plant Physiology 137, 1261-1271
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
nip, a Symbiotic Medicago truncatula Mutant That Forms Root Nodules with Aberrant Infection Threads and Plant Defense-Like Response.
H. Veereshlingam, J. G. Haynes, R. V. Penmetsa, D. R. Cook, D. J. Sherrier, and R. Dickstein (2004)
Plant Physiology 136, 3692-3702
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
LIN, a Medicago truncatula Gene Required for Nodule Differentiation and Persistence of Rhizobial Infections.
K. T. Kuppusamy, G. Endre, R. Prabhu, R. V. Penmetsa, H. Veereshlingam, D. R. Cook, R. Dickstein, and K. A. VandenBosch (2004)
Plant Physiology 136, 3682-3691
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Expression of an Exogenous 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Deaminase Gene in Sinorhizobium meliloti Increases Its Ability To Nodulate Alfalfa.
W. Ma, T. C. Charles, and B. R. Glick (2004)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 70, 5891-5897
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Control of Nodule Number by the Phytohormone Abscisic Acid in the Roots of Two Leguminous Species.
A. Suzuki, M. Akune, M. Kogiso, Y. Imagama, K.-i. Osuki, T. Uchiumi, S. Higashi, S.-Y. Han, S. Yoshida, T. Asami, et al. (2004)
Plant Cell Physiol. 45, 914-922
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Infection and Invasion of Roots by Symbiotic, Nitrogen-Fixing Rhizobia during Nodulation of Temperate Legumes.
D. J. Gage (2004)
Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 68, 280-300
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
RNA interference in Agrobacterium rhizogenes-transformed roots of Arabidopsis and Medicago truncatula.
E. Limpens, J. Ramos, C. Franken, V. Raz, B. Compaan, H. Franssen, T. Bisseling, and R. Geurts (2004)
J. Exp. Bot. 55, 983-992
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Switch from intracellular to intercellular invasion during water stress-tolerant legume nodulation.
S. Goormachtig, W. Capoen, E. K. James, and M. Holsters (2004)
PNAS 101, 6303-6308
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Expression Islands Clustered on the Symbiosis Island of the Mesorhizobium loti Genome.
T. Uchiumi, T. Ohwada, M. Itakura, H. Mitsui, N. Nukui, P. Dawadi, T. Kaneko, S. Tabata, T. Yokoyama, K. Tejima, et al. (2004)
J. Bacteriol. 186, 2439-2448
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transgenic Lotus japonicus with an Ethylene Receptor Gene Cm-ERS1/H70A Enhances Formation of Infection Threads and Nodule Primordia.
N. Nukui, H. Ezura, and K. Minamisawa (2004)
Plant Cell Physiol. 45, 427-435
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Nonsymbiotic Root Hair Tip Growth Phenotype in NORK-Mutated Legumes: Implications for Nodulation Factor-Induced Signaling and Formation of a Multifaceted Root Hair Pocket for Bacteria.
J. J. Esseling, F. G.P. Lhuissier, and A. M. C. Emons (2004)
PLANT CELL 16, 933-944
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Unraveling the mystery of Nod factor signaling by a genomic approach in Medicago trunactula.
D. R. Cook (2004)
PNAS 101, 4339-4340
   Full Text »    PDF »
A Sequence-Based Genetic Map of Medicago truncatula and Comparison of Marker Colinearity with M. sativa.
H.-K. Choi, D. Kim, T. Uhm, E. Limpens, H. Lim, J.-H. Mun, P. Kalo, R. V. Penmetsa, A. Seres, O. Kulikova, et al. (2004)
Genetics 166, 1463-1502
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Plant and Bacterial Symbiotic Mutants Define Three Transcriptionally Distinct Stages in the Development of the Medicago truncatula/Sinorhizobium meliloti Symbiosis.
R. M. Mitra and S. R. Long (2004)
Plant Physiology 134, 595-604
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bradyrhizobium elkanii rtxC Gene Is Required for Expression of Symbiotic Phenotypes in the Final Step of Rhizobitoxine Biosynthesis.
S. Okazaki, M. Sugawara, and K. Minamisawa (2004)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 70, 535-541
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of Four Lectin-Like Receptor Kinases Expressed in Roots of Medicago truncatula. Structure, Location, Regulation of Expression, and Potential Role in the Symbiosis with Sinorhizobium meliloti.
M.-T. Navarro-Gochicoa, S. Camut, A. C.J. Timmers, A. Niebel, C. Herve, E. Boutet, J.-J. Bono, A. Imberty, and J. V. Cullimore (2003)
Plant Physiology 133, 1893-1910
   Abstract »    Full Text »
A method for the isolation of root hairs from the model legume Medicago truncatula.
J. Ramos and T. Bisseling (2003)
J. Exp. Bot. 54, 2245-2250
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Reactive oxygen species and ethylene play a positive role in lateral root base nodulation of a semiaquatic legume.
W. D'Haeze, R. De Rycke, R. Mathis, S. Goormachtig, S. Pagnotta, C. Verplancke, W. Capoen, and M. Holsters (2003)
PNAS 100, 11789-11794
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Structural motifs in the RNA encoded by the early nodulation gene enod40 of soybean.
G. Girard, A. Roussis, A. P. Gultyaev, C. W. A. Pleij, and H. P. Spaink (2003)
Nucleic Acids Res. 31, 5003-5015
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Rhizobium leguminosarum Biovar viciae 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Deaminase Promotes Nodulation of Pea Plants.
W. Ma, F. C. Guinel, and B. R. Glick (2003)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 69, 4396-4402
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Suppression of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization and nodulation in split-root systems of alfalfa after pre-inoculation and treatment with Nod factors.
J.-G. Catford, C. Staehelin, S. Lerat, Y. Piche, and H. Vierheilig (2003)
J. Exp. Bot. 54, 1481-1487
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Summaries of Legume Genomics Projects from around the Globe. Community Resources for Crops and Models.
K. A. VandenBosch and G. Stacey (2003)
Plant Physiology 131, 840-865
   Full Text »    PDF »
Nod Factor Elicits Two Separable Calcium Responses in Medicago truncatula Root Hair Cells.
S. L. Shaw and S. R. Long (2003)
Plant Physiology 131, 976-984
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification and Characterization of Nodulation-Signaling Pathway 2, a Gene of Medicago truncatula Involved in Nod Factor Signaling.
G. E.D. Oldroyd and S. R. Long (2003)
Plant Physiology 131, 1027-1032
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Expression of the Apyrase-Like APY1 Genes in Roots of Medicago truncatula Is Induced Rapidly and Transiently by Stress and Not by Sinorhizobium meliloti or Nod Factors.
M.-T. Navarro-Gochicoa, S. Camut, A. Niebel, and J. V. Cullimore (2003)
Plant Physiology 131, 1124-1136
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Diffusible Factor from Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Induces Symbiosis-Specific MtENOD11 Expression in Roots of Medicago truncatula.
S. Kosuta, M. Chabaud, G. Lougnon, C. Gough, J. Denarie, D. G. Barker, and G. Becard (2003)
Plant Physiology 131, 952-962
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dual Genetic Pathways Controlling Nodule Number in Medicago truncatula.
R. V. Penmetsa, J. A. Frugoli, L. S. Smith, S. R. Long, and D. R. Cook (2003)
Plant Physiology 131, 998-1008
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
crinkle, a Novel Symbiotic Mutant That Affects the Infection Thread Growth and Alters the Root Hair, Trichome, and Seed Development in Lotus japonicus.
M. L. Tansengco, M. Hayashi, M. Kawaguchi, H. Imaizumi-Anraku, and Y. Murooka (2003)
Plant Physiology 131, 1054-1063
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Shedding light on an underground problem.
J. Harris (2002)
PNAS 99, 14616-14618
   Full Text »    PDF »
From the Cover: A Lotus basic leucine zipper protein with a RING-finger motif negatively regulates the developmental program of nodulation.
R. Nishimura, M. Ohmori, H. Fujita, and M. Kawaguchi (2002)
PNAS 99, 15206-15210
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Novel Symbiotic Phenotype of Enhanced-Nodulating Mutant of Lotus japonicus: astray Mutant is an Early Nodulating Mutant with Wider Nodulation Zone.
R. Nishimura, M. Ohmori, and M. Kawaguchi (2002)
Plant Cell Physiol. 43, 853-859
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ethylene Biosynthesis and Signaling Networks.
K. L.-C. Wang, H. Li, and J. R. Ecker (2002)
PLANT CELL 14, S131-151
   Full Text »    PDF »
Rhizobium Nod Factor Perception and Signalling.
R. Geurts and T. Bisseling (2002)
PLANT CELL 14, S239-249
   Full Text »    PDF »
Partner Choice in Nitrogen-Fixation Mutualisms of Legumes and Rhizobia.
E. L. Simms and D. L. Taylor (2002)
Integr. Comp. Biol. 42, 369-380
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
DNA Sequence and Mutational Analysis of Rhizobitoxine Biosynthesis Genes in Bradyrhizobium elkanii.
T. Yasuta, S. Okazaki, H. Mitsui, K.-I. Yuhashi, H. Ezura, and K. Minamisawa (2001)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 67, 4999-5009
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Ethylene Inhibits the Nod Factor Signal Transduction Pathway of Medicago truncatula.
G. E. D. Oldroyd, E. M. Engstrom, and S. R. Long (2001)
PLANT CELL 13, 1835-1849
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Differential Regulation of a Family of Apyrase Genes from Medicago truncatula.
J. R. Cohn, T. Uhm, S. Ramu, Y.-W. Nam, D.-J. Kim, R. V. Penmetsa, T. C. Wood, R. L. Denny, N. D. Young, D. R. Cook, et al. (2001)
Plant Physiology 125, 2104-2119
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Medicago truncatula on the Move!.
J. Frugoli and J. Harris (2001)
PLANT CELL 13, 458-463
   Full Text »
The HCL gene of Medicago truncatula controls Rhizobium-induced root hair curling.
R Catoira, A. Timmers, F Maillet, C Galera, R. Penmetsa, D Cook, J Denarie, and C Gough (2001)
Development 128, 1507-1518
   Abstract »    PDF »
Genetic analysis of calcium spiking responses in nodulation mutants of Medicago truncatula.
R. J. Wais, C. Galera, G. Oldroyd, R. Catoira, R. V. Penmetsa, D. Cook, C. Gough, J. Dénarié, and S. R. Long (2000)
PNAS
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Regulators and Regulation of Legume Root Nodule Development.
J. Stougaard (2000)
Plant Physiology 124, 531-540
   Full Text »
Effects of Ethylene Precursor and Inhibitors for Ethylene Biosynthesis and Perception on Nodulation in Lotus japonicus and Macroptilium atropurpureum.
N. Nukui, H. Ezura, K.-I. Yuhashi, T. Yasuta, and K. Minamisawa (2000)
Plant Cell Physiol. 41, 893-897
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mtsym6, a Gene Conditioning Sinorhizobium Strain-Specific Nitrogen Fixation in Medicago truncatula.
L. Tirichine, F. de Billy, and T. Huguet (2000)
Plant Physiology 123, 845-852
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Rhizobitoxine Production by Bradyrhizobium elkanii Enhances Nodulation and Competitiveness on Macroptilium atropurpureum.
K.-I. Yuhashi, N. Ichikawa, H. Ezura, S. Akao, Y. Minakawa, N. Nukui, T. Yasuta, and K. Minamisawa (2000)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 66, 2658-2663
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Ethylene is involved in the nodulation phenotype of Pisum sativum R50 (sym 16), a pleiotropic mutant that nodulates poorly and has pale green leaves.
F. C. Guinel and L. L. Sloetjes (2000)
J. Exp. Bot. 51, 885-894
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Alteration of enod40 Expression Modifies Medicago truncatula Root Nodule Development Induced by Sinorhizobium meliloti.
C. Charon, C. Sousa, M. Crespi, and A. Kondorosi (1999)
PLANT CELL 11, 1953-1966
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Regulation of Soybean Nodulation Independent of Ethylene Signaling.
J. S. Schmidt, J. E. Harper, T. K. Hoffman, and A. F. Bent (1999)
Plant Physiology 119, 951-960
   Abstract »    Full Text »
New Assay for Rhizobitoxine Based on Inhibition of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Synthase.
T. Yasuta, S. Satoh, and K. Minamisawa (1999)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 65, 849-852
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Refined analysis of early symbiotic steps of the Rhizobium-Medicago interaction in relationship with microtubular cytoskeleton rearrangements.
A. Timmers, M. Auriac, and G Truchet (1999)
Development 126, 3617-3628
   Abstract »    PDF »
Nuclear events in ethylene signaling: a transcriptional cascade mediated by ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3 and ETHYLENE-RESPONSE-FACTOR1.
R. Solano, A. Stepanova, Q. Chao, and J. R. Ecker (1998)
Genes & Dev. 12, 3703-3714
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Ethylene-mediated phenotypic plasticity in root nodule development on Sesbania rostrata.
M. Fernandez-Lopez, S. Goormachtig, M. Gao, W. D'Haeze, M. Van Montagu, and M. Holsters (1998)
PNAS 95, 12724-12728
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Succinoglycan Is Required for Initiation and Elongation of Infection Threads during Nodulation of Alfalfa by Rhizobium meliloti.
H.-P. Cheng and G. C. Walker (1998)
J. Bacteriol. 180, 5183-5191
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Glucose and ethylene signal transduction crosstalk revealed by an Arabidopsis glucose-insensitive mutant.
L. Zhou, J.-c. Jang, T. L. Jones, and J. Sheen (1998)
PNAS 95, 10294-10299
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
EIN4 and ERS2 Are Members of the Putative Ethylene Receptor Gene Family in Arabidopsis.
J. Hua, H. Sakai, S. Nourizadeh, Q. G. Chen, A. B. Bleecker, J. R. Ecker, and E. M. Meyerowitz (1998)
PLANT CELL 10, 1321-1332
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Expressed Sequence Tags from a Root-Hair-Enriched Medicago truncatula cDNA Library.
P. A. Covitz, L. S. Smith, and S. R. Long (1998)
Plant Physiology 117, 1325-1332
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Ethylene-insensitive tobacco lacks nonhost resistance against soil-borne fungi.
M. Knoester, L. C. van Loon, J. van den Heuvel, J. Hennig, J. F. Bol, and H. J. M. Linthorst (1998)
PNAS 95, 1933-1937
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genetic analysis of calcium spiking responses in nodulation mutants of Medicago truncatula.
R. J. Wais, C. Galera, G. Oldroyd, R. Catoira, R. V. Penmetsa, D. Cook, C. Gough, J. Denarie, and S. R. Long (2000)
PNAS 97, 13407-13412
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)