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Science 18 October 1996: Vol. 274. no. 5286, pp. 377 - 385 DOI: 10.1126/science.274.5286.377
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Reports
Galileo's First Images of Jupiter and the Galilean
Satellites
M. J. S. Belton,
*
J. W. Head III,
A. P. Ingersoll,
R. Greeley,
A. S. McEwen,
K. P. Klaasen,
D. Senske,
R. Pappalardo,
G. Collins,
A. R. Vasavada,
R. Sullivan,
D. Simonelli,
P. Geissler,
M. H. Carr,
M. E. Davies,
J. Veverka,
P. J. Gierasch,
D. Banfield,
M. Bell,
C. R. Chapman,
C. Anger,
R. Greenberg,
G. Neukum,
C. B. Pilcher,
R.
F. Beebe,
J. A. Burns,
F. Fanale,
W. Ip,
T. V. Johnson,
D. Morrison,
J. Moore,
G. S. Orton,
P. Thomas,
R. A. West
The first images of Jupiter, Io, Europa, and Ganymede from the
Galileo spacecraft reveal new information about Jupiter's Great Red
Spot (GRS) and the surfaces of the Galilean satellites. Features
similar to clusters of thunderstorms were found in the GRS. Nearby wave
structures suggest that the GRS may be a shallow atmospheric feature.
Changes in surface color and plume distribution indicate differences in
resurfacing processes near hot spots on Io. Patchy emissions were seen
while Io was in eclipse by Jupiter. The outer margins of prominent
linear markings (triple bands) on Europa are diffuse, suggesting that
material has been vented from fractures. Numerous small circular
craters indicate localized areas of relatively old surface. Pervasive
brittle deformation of an ice layer appears to have formed grooves on
Ganymede. Dark terrain unexpectedly shows distinctive albedo variations
to the limit of resolution.
M. J. S. Belton, National Optical Astronomy Observatories, 950 North Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA.
J. W. Head III, R. Pappalardo, G. Collins, Department of Geological
Science, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
A. P. Ingersoll and A. R. Vasavada, Department of Geology and Planetary
Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
R. Greeley and R. Sullivan, Department of Geology, Arizona State
University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1414, USA.
A. S. McEwen, P. Geissler, R. Greenberg, Lunar and Planetary
Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 87721, USA.
K. P. Klaasen, D. Senske, T. V. Johnson, G. S. Orton, R. A. West, Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA
91109, USA.
D. Simonelli, J. Veverka, P. J. Gierasch, D. Banfield, M. Bell, J. A. Burns, P. Thomas, Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca,
NY 14853, USA.
M. H. Carr, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.
M. E. Davies, RAND, Santa Monica, CA 90406, USA.
C. R. Chapman, Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA.
C. Anger, ITTRES Ltd, Calgary, Alberta TIY 5Z6, Canada.
G. Neukum, Institute for Planetary Exploration, Deutsche
Forschunganstalt für Luft und Raumfahrt, Berlin, Germany.
C. B. Pilcher, National Aeronautical and Space Administration,
Washington, DC 20546, USA.
R. F. Beebe, Department of Astronomy, New Mexico State University, Las
Cruces, NM 88003, USA.
F. Fanale, Institute for Geophysics, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI
96822, USA.
W. Ip, Max Planck Institute für Aeronomie, Lindau,
Germany.
D. Morrison and J. Moore, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA
94035, USA.
*
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
belton{at}noao.edu
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