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Science 5 April 1996:
Vol. 272. no. 5258, pp. 115 - 117
DOI: 10.1126/science.272.5258.115
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Reports

Replication of HIV-1 in Dendritic Cell-Derived Syncytia at the Mucosal Surface of the Adenoid

Sarah S. Frankel, * Bruce M. Wenig, * Allen P. Burke, Poonam Mannan, Lester D. R. Thompson, Susan L. Abbondanzo, Ann M. Nelson, Melissa Pope, Ralph M. Steinman dagger

Human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) replicates actively in infected individuals, yet cells with intracellular depots of viral protein are observed only infrequently. Many cells expressing the HIV-1 Gag protein were detected at the surface of the nasopharyngeal tonsil or adenoid. This infected mucosal surface contained T cells and dendritic cells, two cell types that together support HIV-1 replication in culture. The infected cells were multinucleated syncytia and expressed the S100 and p55 dendritic cell markers. Eleven of the 13 specimens analyzed were from donors who did not have symptoms of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The interaction of dendritic cells and T cells in mucosa may support HIV-1 replication, even in subclinical stages of infection.

S. S. Frankel and A. M. Nelson, AIDS Division, Department of Infectious and Parastic Disease Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000, USA.
B. M. Wenig and L. D. R. Thompson, Department of Otolaryngic and Endocrine Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000, USA.
A. P. Burke and P. Mannan, Department of Cardiovascular Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000, USA.
S. L. Abbondanzo, Department of Hematologic and Lymphatic Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000, USA.
M. Pope and R. M. Steinman, Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
* These authors contributed equally to this research.
dagger To whom correspondence should be addressed.


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J. Exp. Med. 186, 813-823
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