Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Site Tools

  • AAAS
  • Subscribe
  • Feedback

Site Search

Search Advanced

Science 8 December 1995:
Vol. 270. no. 5242, pp. 1663 - 1667
DOI: 10.1126/science.270.5242.1663
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Reports

A Human Telomeric Protein

Laura Chong,  Bas van Steensel,  Dominique Broccoli,  Hediye Erdjument-Bromage,  John Hanish (1),  Paul Tempst,  Titia de Lange (2)

Telomeres are multifunctional elements that shield chromosome ends from degradation and end-to-end fusions, prevent activation of DNA damage checkpoints, and modulate the maintenance of telomeric DNA by telomerase. A major protein component of human telomeres has been identified and cloned. This factor, TRF, contains one Myb-type DNA-binding repeat and an amino-terminal acidic domain. Immunofluorescent labeling shows that TRF specifically colocalizes with telomeric DNA in human interphase cells and is located at chromosome ends during metaphase. The presence of TRF along the telomeric TTAGGG repeat array demonstrates that human telomeres form a specialized nucleoprotein complex.


L. Chong, B. van Steensel, D. Broccoli, J. Hanish, T. de Lange, Laboratory for Cell Biology and Genetics, Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.
H. Erdjument-Bromage and P. Tempst, Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.
(1) Present address: Laboratory of Chromosome Structure, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.
(2) To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: delange{at}rockvax.rockefeller.edu


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Plk1 Phosphorylation of TRF1 Is Essential for Its Binding to Telomeres.
Z.-Q. Wu, X. Yang, G. Weber, and X. Liu (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 25503-25513
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of Telomeric Repeat Binding Factor 1 Binding to Telomeres by Casein Kinase 2-mediated Phosphorylation.
M. K. Kim, M. R. Kang, H. W. Nam, Y.-S. Bae, Y. S. Kim, and I. K. Chung (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 14144-14152
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Structure of the DNA-binding domain of NgTRF1 reveals unique features of plant telomere-binding proteins.
S. Ko, S.-H. Jun, H. Bae, J.-S. Byun, W. Han, H. Park, S. W. Yang, S.-Y. Park, Y. H. Jeon, C. Cheong, et al. (2008)
Nucleic Acids Res. 36, 2739-2755
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cell cycle control of telomere protection and NHEJ revealed by a ts mutation in the DNA-binding domain of TRF2.
A. Konishi and T. de Lange (2008)
Genes & Dev. 22, 1221-1230
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Telomeres and Aging.
G. Aubert and P. M. Lansdorp (2008)
Physiol Rev 88, 557-579
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
WRN Controls Formation of Extrachromosomal Telomeric Circles and Is Required for TRF2{Delta}B-Mediated Telomere Shortening.
B. Li, S. P. Jog, S. Reddy, and L. Comai (2008)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 28, 1892-1904
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tethering Telomeric Double- and Single-stranded DNA-binding Proteins Inhibits Telomere Elongation.
K. T. Etheridge, S. A. Compton, K. S. Barrientos, S. Ozgur, J. D. Griffith, and C. M. Counter (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 6935-6941
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification and Characterization of an Essential Telomeric Repeat Binding Factor in Fission Yeast.
C. W. Pitt, L. P. Valente, D. Rhodes, and T. Simonsson (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 2693-2701
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
DNA damage response at functional and dysfunctional telomeres.
M. P. Longhese (2008)
Genes & Dev. 22, 125-140
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The nature of telomere fusion and a definition of the critical telomere length in human cells.
R. Capper, B. Britt-Compton, M. Tankimanova, J. Rowson, B. Letsolo, S. Man, M. Haughton, and D. M. Baird (2007)
Genes & Dev. 21, 2495-2508
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
TRF2 is required for repair of nontelomeric DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination.
Z. Mao, A. Seluanov, Y. Jiang, and V. Gorbunova (2007)
PNAS 104, 13068-13073
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Suppression of RICE TELOMERE BINDING PROTEIN1 Results in Severe and Gradual Developmental Defects Accompanied by Genome Instability in Rice.
J.-P. Hong, M. Y. Byun, D.-H. Koo, K. An, J.-W. Bang, I. K. Chung, G. An, and W. T. Kim (2007)
PLANT CELL 19, 1770-1781
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A role for WRN in telomere-based DNA damage responses.
M. S. Eller, X. Liao, S. Liu, K. Hanna, H. Backvall, P. L. Opresko, V. A. Bohr, and B. A. Gilchrest (2006)
PNAS 103, 15073-15078
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tankyrase 2 Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Domain-Deleted Mice Exhibit Growth Defects but Have Normal Telomere Length and Capping..
S. J. Hsiao, M. F. Poitras, B. D. Cook, Y. Liu, and S. Smith (2006)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 26, 2044-2054
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cell Cycle-dependent Recruitment of Telomerase RNA and Cajal Bodies to Human Telomeres.
B. E. Jady, P. Richard, E. Bertrand, and T. Kiss (2006)
Mol. Biol. Cell 17, 944-954
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The F-box Protein FBX4 Targets PIN2/TRF1 for Ubiquitin-mediated Degradation and Regulates Telomere Maintenance.
T. H. Lee, K. Perrem, J. W. Harper, K. P. Lu, and X. Z. Zhou (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 759-768
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Telomeres, chromosome instability and cancer..
S. M. Bailey and J. P. Murnane (2006)
Nucleic Acids Res. 34, 2408-2417
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Alterations of DNA and Chromatin Structures at Telomeres and Genetic Instability in Mouse Cells Defective in DNA Polymerase {alpha}.
M. Nakamura, A. Nabetani, T. Mizuno, F. Hanaoka, and F. Ishikawa (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 11073-11088
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Shelterin: the protein complex that shapes and safeguards human telomeres.
T. de Lange (2005)
Genes & Dev. 19, 2100-2110
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Trypanosome Telomeres Are Protected by a Homologue of Mammalian TRF2.
B. Li, A. Espinal, and G. A. M. Cross (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 5011-5021
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Proteome Analysis of Human Metaphase Chromosomes.
S. Uchiyama, S. Kobayashi, H. Takata, T. Ishihara, N. Hori, T. Higashi, K. Hayashihara, T. Sone, D. Higo, T. Nirasawa, et al. (2005)
J. Biol. Chem. 280, 16994-17004
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Higher-order nuclear organization in growth arrest of human mammary epithelial cells: a novel role for telomere-associated protein TIN2.
P. Kaminker, C. Plachot, S.-H. Kim, P. Chung, D. Crippen, O. W. Petersen, M. J. Bissell, J. Campisi, and S. A. Lelievre (2005)
J. Cell Sci. 118, 1321-1330
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
POT1 and TRF2 Cooperate To Maintain Telomeric Integrity.
Q. Yang, Y.-L. Zheng, and C. C. Harris (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 1070-1080
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human Protection of Telomeres 1 (POT1) Is a Negative Regulator of Telomerase Activity In Vitro.
C. Kelleher, I. Kurth, and J. Lingner (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 808-818
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Comparison between TRF2 and TRF1 of their telomeric DNA-bound structures and DNA-binding activities.
S. Hanaoka, A. Nagadoi, and Y. Nishimura (2005)
Protein Sci. 14, 119-130
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Taz1 Binding to a Fission Yeast Model Telomere: FORMATION OF TELOMERIC LOOPS AND HIGHER ORDER STRUCTURES.
L. Tomaska, S. Willcox, J. Slezakova, J. Nosek, and J. D. Griffith (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 50764-50772
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Perturbation of NgTRF1 Expression Induces Apoptosis-Like Cell Death in Tobacco BY-2 Cells and Implicates NgTRF1 in the Control of Telomere Length and Stability.
S. W. Yang, S. K. Kim, and W. T. Kim (2004)
PLANT CELL 16, 3370-3385
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A C-terminal Myb Extension Domain Defines a Novel Family of Double-strand Telomeric DNA-binding Proteins in Arabidopsis.
Z. N. Karamysheva, Y. V. Surovtseva, L. Vespa, E. V. Shakirov, and D. E. Shippen (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 47799-47807
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
TIN2 Binds TRF1 and TRF2 Simultaneously and Stabilizes the TRF2 Complex on Telomeres.
J. Z.-S. Ye, J. R. Donigian, M. van Overbeek, D. Loayza, Y. Luo, A. N. Krutchinsky, B. T. Chait, and T. de Lange (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 47264-47271
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
TIN2 Mediates Functions of TRF2 at Human Telomeres.
S.-h. Kim, C. Beausejour, A. R. Davalos, P. Kaminker, S.-J. Heo, and J. Campisi (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 43799-43804
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Closed chromatin loops at the ends of chromosomes.
T. Nikitina and C. L. Woodcock (2004)
J. Cell Biol. 166, 161-165
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
POT1-interacting protein PIP1: a telomere length regulator that recruits POT1 to the TIN2/TRF1 complex.
J. Z.-S. Ye, D. Hockemeyer, A. N. Krutchinsky, D. Loayza, S. M. Hooper, B. T. Chait, and T. de Lange (2004)
Genes & Dev. 18, 1649-1654
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Telomere epigenetics: a higher-order control of telomere length in mammalian cells.
M. A. Blasco (2004)
Carcinogenesis 25, 1083-1087
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of Telomere Length and Suppression of Genomic Instability in Human Somatic Cells by Ku86.
K. Myung, G. Ghosh, F. J. Fattah, G. Li, H. Kim, A. Dutia, E. Pak, S. Smith, and E. A. Hendrickson (2004)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 24, 5050-5059
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Telomere-bound TRF1 and TRF2 stall the replication fork at telomeric repeats.
R. Ohki and F. Ishikawa (2004)
Nucleic Acids Res. 32, 1627-1637
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Subdomain in the Ankyrin Domain of Tankyrase 1 Required for Poly(ADP-Ribosyl)ation of TRF1 and Telomere Elongation.
H. Seimiya, Y. Muramatsu, S. Smith, and T. Tsuruo (2004)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 24, 1944-1955
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular mechanisms of DNA end-loop formation by TRF2.
S. H. Yoshimura, H. Maruyama, F. Ishikawa, R. Ohki, and K. Takeyasu (2004)
Genes Cells 9, 205-218
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Rapid Shortening of Telomere Length in Response to Ceramide Involves the Inhibition of Telomere Binding Activity of Nuclear Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase.
K. P. Sundararaj, R. E. Wood, S. Ponnusamy, A. M. Salas, Z. Szulc, A. Bielawska, L. M. Obeid, Y. A. Hannun, and B. Ogretmen (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 6152-6162
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Limited capacity of the nuclear matrix to bind telomere repeat binding factor TRF1 may restrict the proliferation of mortal human fibroblasts.
J. Okabe, A. Eguchi, R. Wadhwa, R. Rakwal, R. Tsukinoki, T. Hayakawa, and M. Nakanishi (2004)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 13, 285-293
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Importance of TRF1 for Functional Telomere Structure.
T. Iwano, M. Tachibana, M. Reth, and Y. Shinkai (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 1442-1448
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Rap1 Affects the Length and Heterogeneity of Human Telomeres.
B. Li and T. de Lange (2003)
Mol. Biol. Cell 14, 5060-5068
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Maize Single myb histone 1 Gene, Smh1, Belongs to a Novel Gene Family and Encodes a Protein That Binds Telomere DNA Repeats in Vitro.
C. O. Marian, S. J. Bordoli, M. Goltz, R. A. Santarella, L. P. Jackson, O. Danilevskaya, M. Beckstette, R. Meeley, and H. W. Bass (2003)
Plant Physiology 133, 1336-1350
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Targeted Deletion Reveals an Essential Function for the Telomere Length Regulator Trf1.
J. Karlseder, L. Kachatrian, H. Takai, K. Mercer, S. Hingorani, T. Jacks, and T. de Lange (2003)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 23, 6533-6541
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Sequence-specific Binding to Telomeric DNA by CEH-37, a Homeodomain Protein in the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
S. H. Kim, S. B. Hwang, I. K. Chung, and J. Lee (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 28038-28044
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Expression of the Telomeric Repeat Binding Factor Gene NgTRF1 Is Closely Coordinated with the Cell Division Program in Tobacco BY-2 Suspension Culture Cells.
S. W. Yang, D. H. Kim, J. J. Lee, Y. J. Chun, J.-H. Lee, Y. J. Kim, I. K. Chung, and W. T. Kim (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 21395-21407
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
TRF1 is degraded by ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis after release from telomeres.
W. Chang, J. N. Dynek, and S. Smith (2003)
Genes & Dev. 17, 1328-1333
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of Telomeres and Telomerase in the Pathogenesis of Human Cancer.
W. C. Hahn (2003)
J. Clin. Oncol. 21, 2034-2043
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Putative Telomere-Recruiting Domain in the Catalytic Subunit of Human Telomerase.
B. N. Armbruster, K. T. Etheridge, D. Broccoli, and C. M. Counter (2003)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 23, 3237-3246
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Targeting Assay To Study the cis Functions of Human Telomeric Proteins: Evidence for Inhibition of Telomerase by TRF1 and for Activation of Telomere Degradation by TRF2.
K. Ancelin, M. Brunori, S. Bauwens, C.-E. Koering, C. Brun, M. Ricoul, J.-P. Pommier, L. Sabatier, and E. Gilson (2002)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 22, 3474-3487
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Telomeric Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase, Tankyrase 1, Contains Multiple Binding Sites for Telomeric Repeat Binding Factor 1 (TRF1) and a Novel Acceptor, 182-kDa Tankyrase-binding Protein (TAB182).
H. Seimiya and S. Smith (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 14116-14126
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Critical Role for Pin2/TRF1 in ATM-dependent Regulation. INHIBITION OF Pin2/TRF1 FUNCTION COMPLEMENTS TELOMERE SHORTENING, RADIOSENSITIVITY, AND THE G2/M CHECKPOINT DEFECT OF ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA CELLS.
S. Kishi and K. P. Lu (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 7420-7429
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Natural and pharmacological regulation of telomerase.
J.-L. Mergny, J.-F. Riou, P. Mailliet, M.-P. Teulade-Fichou, and E. Gilson (2002)
Nucleic Acids Res. 30, 839-865
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role for the Related Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerases Tankyrase 1 and 2 at Human Telomeres.
B. D. Cook, J. N. Dynek, W. Chang, G. Shostak, and S. Smith (2002)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 22, 332-342
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Telomere Formation by Rap1p Binding Site Arrays Reveals End-Specific Length Regulation Requirements and Active Telomeric Recombination.
S. Grossi, A. Bianchi, P. Damay, and D. Shore (2001)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 21, 8117-8128
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Effects of reconstitution of telomerase activity on telomere maintenance by the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway.
J. V. Grobelny, M. Kulp-McEliece, and D. Broccoli (2001)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 10, 1953-1961
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
From the Cover: A low threshold level of expression of mutant-template telomerase RNA inhibits human tumor cell proliferation.
M. M. Kim, M. A. Rivera, I. L. Botchkina, R. Shalaby, A. D. Thor, and E. H. Blackburn (2001)
PNAS 98, 7982-7987
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
E2F-1 represses transcription of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene.
D. L. Crowe, D. C. Nguyen, K. J. Tsang, and S. Kyo (2001)
Nucleic Acids Res. 29, 2789-2794
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Telomerase and cancer.
J. W. Shay, Y. Zou, E. Hiyama, and W. E. Wright (2001)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 10, 677-685
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Polar Arrangement of Telomeres in Interphase and Meiosis. Rabl Organization and the Bouquet.
C. R. Cowan, P. M. Carlton, and W. Z. Cande (2001)
Plant Physiology 125, 532-538
   Full Text »
Telomere-binding and Stn1p-interacting activities are required for the essential function of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc13p.
M.-J. Wang, Y.-C. Lin, T.-L. Pang, J.-M. Lee, C.-C. Chou, and J.-J. Lin (2000)
Nucleic Acids Res. 28, 4733-4741
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mammalian Meiotic Telomeres: Protein Composition and Redistribution in Relation to Nuclear Pores.
H. Scherthan, M. Jerratsch, B. Li, S. Smith, M. Hultén, T. Lock, and T. de Lange (2000)
Mol. Biol. Cell 11, 4189-4203
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Extragenomic double-stranded DNA circles in yeast with linear mitochondrial genomes: potential involvement in telomere maintenance.
L. Tomaska, J. Nosek, A. M. Makhov, A. Pastorakova, and J. D. Griffith (2000)
Nucleic Acids Res. 28, 4479-4487
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
TRF1 is a critical trans-acting factor required for de novo telomere formation in human cells.
J. Okabe, A. Eguchi, A. Masago, T. Hayakawa, and M. Nakanishi (2000)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 9, 2639-2650
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
In Vitro Properties of the Conserved Mammalian Protein hnRNP D Suggest a Role in Telomere Maintenance.
A. Eversole and N. Maizels (2000)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 20, 5425-5432
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Role of Telomerase in Normal and Cancer Cells.
M. Meyerson (2000)
J. Clin. Oncol. 18, 2626-2634
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Telomere Maintenance in Telomerase-Deficient Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells: Characterization of an Amplified Telomeric DNA.
H. Niida, Y. Shinkai, M. P. Hande, T. Matsumoto, S. Takehara, M. Tachibana, M. Oshimura, P. M. Lansdorp, and Y. Furuichi (2000)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 20, 4115-4127
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Control of Human Telomere Length by TRF1 and TRF2.
A. Smogorzewska, B. van Steensel, A. Bianchi, S. Oelmann, M. R. Schaefer, G. Schnapp, and T. de Lange (2000)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 20, 1659-1668
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Effect of Telomere and Telomerase Interactive Agents on Human Tumor and Normal Cell Lines.
S. Y. Rha, E. Izbicka, R. Lawrence, K. Davidson, D. Sun, M. P. Moyer, G. D. Roodman, L. Hurley, and D. Von Hoff (2000)
Clin. Cancer Res. 6, 987-993
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Identification and Characterization of a Bovine Sperm Protein That Binds Specifically to Single-Stranded Telomeric Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
A. Kozik, E. M. Bradbury, and A. O. Zalensky (2000)
Biol Reprod 62, 340-346
   Abstract »    Full Text »
From the Cover: Heterochromatic deposition of centromeric histone H3-like proteins.
S. Henikoff, K. Ahmad, J. S. Platero, and B. van Steensel (2000)
PNAS 97, 716-721
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Sequence-specific binding of Taz1p dimers to fission yeast telomeric DNA.
K. G. Spink, R. J. Evans, and A. Chambers (2000)
Nucleic Acids Res. 28, 527-533
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
ALT-associated PML bodies are present in viable cells and are enriched in cells in the G(2)/M phase of the cell cycle.
J. Grobelny, A. Godwin, and D Broccoli (2000)
J. Cell Sci. 113, 4577-4585
   Abstract »    PDF »
Positive and negative regulation of telomerase access to the telomere.
S. Evans and V Lundblad (2000)
J. Cell Sci. 113, 3357-3364
   Abstract »    PDF »
Telomeres of polytene chromosomes in a ciliated protozoan terminate in duplex DNA loops.
K. G. Murti and D. M. Prescott (1999)
PNAS 96, 14436-14439
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Altered Telomere Nuclear Matrix Interactions and Nucleosomal Periodicity in Ataxia Telangiectasia Cells before and after Ionizing Radiation Treatment.
L. B. Smilenov, S. Dhar, and T. K. Pandita (1999)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 6963-6971
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Atm Inactivation Results in Aberrant Telomere Clustering during Meiotic Prophase.
T. K. Pandita, C. H. Westphal, M. Anger, S. G. Sawant, C. R. Geard, R. K. Pandita, and H. Scherthan (1999)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 5096-5105
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Analysis of Genomic Integrity and p53-Dependent G1 Checkpoint in Telomerase-Induced Extended-Life-Span Human Fibroblasts.
H. Vaziri, J. A. Squire, T. K. Pandita, G. Bradley, R. M. Kuba, H. Zhang, S. Gulyas, R. P. Hill, G. P. Nolan, and S. Benchimol (1999)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 2373-2379
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
p53- and ATM-Dependent Apoptosis Induced by Telomeres Lacking TRF2.
J. Karlseder, D. Broccoli, Y. Dai, S. Hardy, and T. de Lange (1999)
Science 283, 1321-1325
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Human artificial chromosomes generated by modification of a yeast artificial chromosome containing both human alpha satellite and single-copy DNA sequences.
K. A. Henning, E. A. Novotny, S. T. Compton, X.-Y. Guan, P. P. Liu, and M. A. Ashlock (1999)
PNAS 96, 592-597
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cell cycle dependent localization of the telomeric PARP, tankyrase, to nuclear pore complexes and centrosomes.
S Smith and T de Lange (1999)
J. Cell Sci. 112, 3649-3656
   Abstract »    PDF »
Toward Identifying a Cellular Determinant of Telomerase Repression.
J. W. Shay (1999)
J Natl Cancer Inst 91, 4-6
   Full Text »    PDF »
Tankyrase, a Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase at Human Telomeres.
S. Smith, I. Giriat, A. Schmitt, and T. de Lange (1998)
Science 282, 1484-1487
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Rap1 protein regulates telomere turnover in yeast.
A. Krauskopf and E. H. Blackburn (1998)
PNAS 95, 12486-12491
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Telomere length regulation in mice is linked to a novel chromosome locus.
L. Zhu, K. S. Hathcock, P. Hande, P. M. Lansdorp, M. F. Seldin, and R. J. Hodes (1998)
PNAS 95, 8648-8653
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The rate of telomere sequence loss in human leukocytes varies with age.
R. W. Frenck Jr., E. H. Blackburn, and K. M. Shannon (1998)
PNAS 95, 5607-5610
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The telomerase reverse transcriptase: components and regulation.
C. I. Nugent and V. Lundblad (1998)
Genes & Dev. 12, 1073-1085
   Full Text »
Characterization and cell cycle regulation of the related human telomeric proteins Pin2 and TRF1 suggest a role in mitosis.
M. Shen, C. Haggblom, M. Vogt, T. Hunter, and K. P. Lu (1997)
PNAS 94, 13618-13623
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
In vivo telomere dynamics of human hematopoietic stem cells.
R. Notaro, A. Cimmino, D. Tabarini, B. Rotoli, and L. Luzzatto (1997)
PNAS 94, 13782-13785
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human telomerase contains evolutionarily conserved catalytic and structural subunits.
L. Harrington, W. Zhou, T. McPhail, R. Oulton, D. S.K. Yeung, V. Mar, M. B. Bass, and M. O. Robinson (1997)
Genes & Dev. 11, 3109-3115
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »