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Science 14 July 1995:
Vol. 269. no. 5221, pp. 238 - 240
DOI: 10.1126/science.7618086
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Articles

Science, Vol 269, Issue 5221, 238-240
Copyright © 1995 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Requirement of the yeast RTH1 5' to 3' exonuclease for the stability of simple repetitive DNA

RE Johnson, GK Kovvali, L Prakash, and S Prakash

Center for Molecular Science, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-1061, USA.

Simple repetitive DNA sequences are unstable in human colorectal cancers and a variety of other cancers. Mutations in the DNA mismatch repair genes MSH2, MLH1, and PMS1 result in elevated rates of spontaneous mutation and cause a marked increase in the instability of simple repeats. Compared with the wild type, a null mutation in the yeast RTH1 gene, which encodes a 5' to 3' exonuclease, was shown to increase the rate of instability of simple repetitive DNA by as much as 280 times and to increase the spontaneous mutation rate by 30 times. Epistasis analyses were consistent with the hypothesis that this RTH1-encoded nuclease has a role in the MSH2-MLH-1-PMS1 mismatch repair pathway.


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J. Biol. Chem. 274, 14602-14608
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Bacteriophage T4 rnh (RNase H) Null Mutations: Effects on Spontaneous Mutation and Epistatic Interaction with rII Mutations.
A. Bebenek, L. A. Smith, and J. W. Drake (1999)
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X. Wu, T. E. Wilson, and M. R. Lieber (1999)
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Y. Xie, C. Counter, and E. Alani (1999)
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A Mutation of the Yeast Gene Encoding PCNA Destabilizes Both Microsatellite and Minisatellite DNA Sequences.
R. J. Kokoska, L. Stefanovic, A. B. Buermeyer, R. M. Liskay, and T. D. Petes (1999)
Genetics 151, 511-519
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Structural Changes Measured by X-ray Scattering from Human Flap Endonuclease-1 Complexed with Mg2+ and Flap DNA Substrate.
C.-Y. Kim, B. Shen, M. S. Park, and G. A. Olah (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 1233-1239
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Partial Functional Deficiency of E160D Flap Endonuclease-1 Mutant in Vitro and in Vivo Is Due to Defective Cleavage of DNA Substrates.
G. Frank, J. Qiu, M. Somsouk, Y. Weng, L. Somsouk, J. P. Nolan, and B. Shen (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 33064-33072
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Processing of an HIV Replication Intermediate by the Human DNA Replication Enzyme FEN1.
J. A. Rumbaugh, G. M. Fuentes, and R. A. Bambara (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 28740-28745
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Newly Discovered Archaebacterial Flap Endonucleases Show a Structure-Specific Mechanism for DNA Substrate Binding and Catalysis Resembling Human Flap Endonuclease-1.
D. J. Hosfield, G. Frank, Y. Weng, J. A. Tainer, and B. Shen (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 27154-27161
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The role of SOS and flap processing in microsatellite instability in Escherichia coli.
P. Morel, C. Reverdy, B. M. S. D. Ehrlich, E. Cassuto, and E. Cassuto (1998)
PNAS 95, 10003-10008
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mapping the Polarity of Changes That Occur in Interrupted CAG Repeat Tracts in Yeast.
D. J. Maurer, B. L. O'Callaghan, and D. M. Livingston (1998)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 18, 4597-4604
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Destabilization of Yeast Micro- and Minisatellite DNA Sequences by Mutations Affecting a Nuclease Involved in Okazaki Fragment Processing (rad27) and DNA Polymerase delta  (pol3-t).
R. J. Kokoska, L. Stefanovic, H. T. Tran, M. A. Resnick, D. A. Gordenin, and T. D. Petes (1998)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 18, 2779-2788
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Junction ribonuclease: An activity in Okazaki fragment processing.
R. S. Murante, L. A. Henricksen, and R. A. Bambara (1998)
PNAS 95, 2244-2249
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Expansion and Length-Dependent Fragility of CTG Repeats in Yeast.
C. H. Freudenreich, S. M. Kantrow, and V. A. Zakian (1998)
Science 279, 853-856
   Abstract »    Full Text »
The RAD52 Recombinational Repair Pathway is Essential in pol30 (PCNA) Mutants That Accumulate Small Single-Stranded DNA Fragments During DNA Synthesis.
B. J. Merrill and C. Holm (1998)
Genetics 148, 611-624
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The 5'-Exonuclease Activity of Bacteriophage T4 RNase H Is Stimulated by the T4 Gene 32 Single-stranded DNA-binding Protein, but Its Flap Endonuclease Is Inhibited.
M. Bhagwat, L. J. Hobbs, and N. G. Nossal (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 28523-28530
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Strand-specific Mismatch Repair in Mammalian Cells.
P. Modrich (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 24727-24730
   Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular Mechanism of Base Excision Repair of Uracil-containing DNA in Yeast Cell-free Extracts.
Z. Wang, X. Wu, and E. C. Friedberg (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 24064-24071
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification and characterization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae EXO1, a gene encoding an exonuclease that interacts with MSH2.
D. X. Tishkoff, A. L. Boerger, P. Bertrand, N. Filosi, G. M. Gaida, M. F. Kane, and R. D. Kolodner (1997)
PNAS 94, 7487-7492
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cleavage of Insertion/Deletion Mismatches, Flap and Pseudo-Y DNA Structures by Deoxyinosine 3'-Endonuclease from Escherichia coli.
M. Yao and Y. W. Kow (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 30672-30676
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mechanism of Tracking and Cleavage of Adduct-damaged DNA Substrates by the Mammalian 5'- to 3'-Exonuclease/Endonuclease RAD2 Homologue 1or Flap Endonuclease 1.
C. J. Barnes, A. F. Wahl, B. Shen, M. S. Park, and R. A. Bambara (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 29624-29631
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Calf RTH-1 Nuclease Can Remove the Initiator RNAs of Okazaki Fragments by Endonuclease Activity.
R. S. Murante, J. A. Rumbaugh, C. J. Barnes, J. R. Norton, and R. A. Bambara (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 25888-25897
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Biochemistry and genetics of eukaryotic mismatch repair..
R Kolodner (1996)
Genes & Dev. 10, 1433-1442
   PDF »
A novel mechanism for telomere size control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae..
B Li and A J Lustig (1996)
Genes & Dev. 10, 1310-1326
   Abstract »    PDF »
Replication Protein A Confers Structure-specific Endonuclease Activities to the XPF-ERCC1 and XPG Subunits of Human DNA Repair Excision Nuclease.
T. Matsunaga, C.-H. Park, T. Bessho, D. Mu, and A. Sancar (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 11047-11050
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Essential Amino Acids for Substrate Binding and Catalysis of Human Flap Endonuclease 1.
B. Shen, J. P. Nolan, L. A. Sklar, and M. S. Park (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 9173-9176
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Requirement of the Yeast MSH3 and MSH6 Genes for MSH2-dependent Genomic Stability.
R. E. Johnson, G. K. Kovvali, L. Prakash, and S. Prakash (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 7285-7288
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Structure-specific Nuclease Activity in Yeast Nucleotide Excision Repair Protein Rad2.
Y. Habraken, P. Sung, L. Prakash, and S. Prakash (1995)
J. Biol. Chem. 270, 30194-30198
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
RNA Template-dependent 5' Nuclease Activity of Thermus aquaticus and Thermus thermophilus DNA Polymerases.
W.-P. Ma, M. W. Kaiser, N. Lyamicheva, J. J. Schaefer, H. T. Allawi, T. Takova, B. P. Neri, and V. I. Lyamichev (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 24693-24700
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dinucleotide Repeat Expansion Catalyzed by Bacteriophage T4 DNA Polymerase in Vitro.
E. F. da Silva and L. J. Reha-Krantz (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 31528-31535
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of the Enzymatic Properties of the Yeast Dna2 Helicase/Endonuclease Suggests a New Model for Okazaki Fragment Processing.
S.-H. Bae and Y.-S. Seo (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 38022-38031
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Modeling the Late Steps in HIV-1 Retroviral Integrase-catalyzed DNA Integration.
E. Brin, J. Yi, A. M. Skalka, and J. Leis (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 39287-39295
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cell Cycle-dependent and DNA Damage-inducible Nuclear Localization of FEN-1 Nuclease Is Consistent with Its Dual Functions in DNA Replication and Repair.
J. Qiu, X. Li, G. Frank, and B. Shen (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 4901-4908
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Interaction of DNA Mismatch Repair Proteins with Human Exonuclease I.
C. Schmutte, M. M. Sadoff, K.-S. Shim, S. Acharya, and R. Fishel (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 33011-33018
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Stimulation of Eukaryotic Flap Endonuclease-1 Activities by Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) Is Independent of Its in Vitro Interaction via a Consensus PCNA Binding Region.
G. Frank, J. Qiu, L. Zheng, and B. Shen (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 36295-36302
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Nuclease Activity of the Yeast Dna2 Protein, Which Is Related to the RecB-like Nucleases, Is Essential in Vivo.
M. E. Budd, W.-c. Choe, and J. L. Campbell (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 16518-16529
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inhibition of Flap Endonuclease 1 by Flap Secondary Structure and Relevance to Repeat Sequence Expansion.
L. A. Henricksen, S. Tom, Y. Liu, and R. A. Bambara (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 16420-16427
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


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