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Science 16 June 1995:
Vol. 268. no. 5217, pp. 1612 - 1615
DOI: 10.1126/science.7539936
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Articles

Science, Vol 268, Issue 5217, 1612-1615
Copyright © 1995 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Natural protection against HIV-1 infection provided by HIV-2

K Travers, S Mboup, R Marlink, A Gueye-Nidaye, T Siby, I Thior, I Traore, A Dieng-Sarr, JL Sankale, C Mullins, and al. et

Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Significant differences have been observed in the rates of transmission and disease development in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) types 1 and 2. Because many HIV-2-infected people remain asymptomatic for prolonged periods, the hypothesis that HIV-2 might protect against subsequent infection by HIV-1 was considered. During a 9-year period in Dakar, Senegal, the seroincidence of both HIV types was measured in a cohort of commercial sex workers. Despite a higher incidence of other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), HIV-2-infected women had a lower incidence of HIV-1 than did HIV-seronegative women, with a relative risk of 0.32 (P = 0.008). An understanding of the cross-protective mechanisms involved may be directly relevant to HIV-1 vaccine development.


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Comparison of Heterologous Neutralizing Antibody Responses of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1)- and HIV-2-Infected Senegalese Patients: Distinct Patterns of Breadth and Magnitude Distinguish HIV-1 and HIV-2 Infections.
S. K. Rodriguez, A. D. Sarr, A. MacNeil, S. Thakore-Meloni, A. Gueye-Ndiaye, I. Traore, M. C. Dia, S. Mboup, and P. J. Kanki (2007)
J. Virol. 81, 5331-5338
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Commentary: Decline of HIV-2 prevalence in West Africa: good news or bad news?.
S. Eholie and X. Anglaret (2006)
Int. J. Epidemiol. 35, 1329-1330
   Full Text »    PDF »
Disease Versus Disease: How One Disease May Ameliorate Another.
E. R. Stiehm (2006)
Pediatrics 117, 184-191
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Endpoints in vaccine trials.
M. G Hudgens, P. B Gilbert, and S. G Self (2004)
Statistical Methods in Medical Research 13, 89-114
   Abstract »    PDF »
Human immunodeficiency virus type 2.
J. D. Reeves and R. W. Doms (2002)
J. Gen. Virol. 83, 1253-1265
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Plasma Viral Load in HIV-1 and HIV-2 Singly and Dually Infected Individuals in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa: Significantly Lower Plasma Virus Set Point in HIV-2 Infection Than in HIV-1 Infection.
S. Andersson, H. Norrgren, Z. da Silva, A. Biague, S. Bamba, S. Kwok, C. Christopherson, G. Biberfeld, and J. Albert (2000)
Arch Intern Med 160, 3286-3293
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular Confirmation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 2 in HIV-Seropositive Subjects in South India.
R. Kannangai, S. Ramalingam, K. J. Prakash, O. C. Abraham, R. George, R. C. Castillo, D. H. Schwartz, M. V. Jesudason, and G. Sridharan (2000)
Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 7, 987-989
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Antiretroviral Therapy in Patients with Dual Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Types 1 and 2.
M. Schutten, M. E. van der Ende, and A. D.M.E. Osterhaus (2000)
N. Engl. J. Med. 342, 1758-1760
   Full Text »
In vitro correlates of HIV-2-mediated HIV-1 protection.
E. G. Kokkotou, J.-L. Sankale, I. Mani, A. Gueye-Ndiaye, D. Schwartz, M. E. Essex, S. Mboup, and P. J. Kanki (2000)
PNAS 97, 6797-6802
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Evidence for Viral Virulence as a Predominant Factor Limiting Human Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine Efficacy.
P. Mooij, W. M. J. M. Bogers, H. Oostermeijer, W. Koornstra, P. J. F. Ten Haaft, B. E. Verstrepen, G. Van Der Auwera, and J. L. Heeney (2000)
J. Virol. 74, 4017-4027
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Molecular Epidemiology of Genital Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in High-Risk Women in Senegal, West Africa.
K. Sturm-Ramirez, H. Brumblay, K. Diop, A. Guèye-Ndiaye, J.-L. Sankalé, I. Thior, I. N'Doye, C.-C. Hsieh, S. Mboup, and P. J. Kanki (2000)
J. Clin. Microbiol. 38, 138-145
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Potent Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Gene Expression and Virus Production by an HIV-2 Tat Activation-Response RNA Decoy.
C. M. Browning, L. Cagnon, P. D. Good, J. Rossi, D. R. Engelke, and D. M. Markovitz (1999)
J. Virol. 73, 5191-5195
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Current Concepts in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and AIDS.
S. A. Schwartz and M. P. N. Nair (1999)
Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 6, 295-305
   Full Text »    PDF »
Mortality among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2-Positive Villagers in Rural Guinea-Bissau Is Correlated with Viral Genotype.
N. C. Grassly, Z. Xiang, K. Ariyoshi, P. Aaby, H. Jensen, M. Schim van der Loeff, F. Dias, H. Whittle, and J. Breuer (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 7895-7899
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Designing HIV Vaccination Policies: Subtypes and Cross-Immunity.
T. C. Porco and S. M. Blower (1998)
Interfaces 28, 167-190
   Abstract »    PDF »
Cytotoxic T Cells from Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2-Infected Patients Frequently Cross-React with Different Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Clades.
A. Bertoletti, F. Cham, S. McAdam, T. Rostron, S. Rowland-Jones, S. Sabally, T. Corrah, K. Ariyoshi, and H. Whittle (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 2439-2448
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Vpu Protein Interferes with an Early Step in the Biosynthesis of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class I Molecules.
T. Kerkau, I. Bacik, J. R. Bennink, J. W. Yewdell, T. Hunig, A. Schimpl, and U. Schubert (1997)
J. Exp. Med. 185, 1295-1306
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Preventive Medicine and Public Health.
W. H. Foege (1996)
JAMA 275, 1846-1847
   Abstract »    PDF »
HIV-2 May Protect Against HIV-1.
(1995)
AIDS Clinical Care 1995, 9
   Full Text »


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