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Science 19 May 1995:
Vol. 268. no. 5213, pp. 1019 - 1023
DOI: 10.1126/science.268.5213.1019
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Articles

Cosmic Ray and Solar Particle Investigations Over the South Polar Regions of the Sun

J. A. Simpson 1, J. J. Connell 1, C. Lopate 1, R. B. McKibben 1, M. Zhang 1, J. D. Anglin 2, P. Ferrando 3, C. Rastoin 3, A. Raviart 3, B. Heber 4, R. Muiller-Meliin 4, H. Kunow 4, H. Sierks 4, G. Wibberenz 4, V. Bothmer 5, R. G. Marsden 5, T. R. Sanderson 5, K. J. Trattner 5, K. -P. Wenzel 5, and C. Paizis 6

1 Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
2 Herzberg Institute for Astrophysics, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Canada K1 A OR6
3 Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay, Service d'Astrophysique, Bat. 528, 91191 Gif-sur Yvette, Cedex, France
4 Institut fOr Reine und Angewandte Kernphysik, Universitdt Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40-60, D-2300, Kiel 1, Germany
5 Space Science Department of the European Space Agency, European Space Research and Technology Center, Postbus 299, 2200 AG, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
6 Instituto di Fisica Cosmica, CNR, Universita di Milano, 20133, Milano, Italy

Observations of galactic cosmic radiation and anomalous component nuclei with charged particle sensors on the Ulysses spacecraft showed that heliospheric magnetic field structure over the south solar pole does not permit substantially more direct access to the local interstellar cosmic ray spectrum than is possible in the equatorial zone. Fluxes of galactic cosmic rays and the anomalous component increased as a result of latitude gradients by less than 50% from the equator to -80°. Thus, the modulated cosmic ray nucleon, electron, and anomalous component fluxes are nearly spherically symmetric in the inner solar system. The cosmic rays and the anomalous nuclear component underwent a continuous, -26 day recurrent modulation to -80.2°, whereas all recurring magnetic field compressions and recurring streams in the solar wind disappeared above sim55°S latitude.

Submitted on February 13, 1995
Accepted on April 17, 1995


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Ulysses above the sun's south pole: an introduction.
E. Smith, R. Marsden, and D. Page (1995)
Science 268, 1005-1007
   Abstract »    PDF »
The Heliospheric Magnetic Field Over the South Polar Region of the Sun.
A. Balogh, D. J. Southwood, R. J. Forsyth, T. S. Horbury, E. J. Smith, and B. T. Tsurutani (1995)
Science 268, 1007-1010
   Abstract »    PDF »
Corotating Variations of Cosmic Rays Near the South Heliospheric Pole.
J. Kota and J. R. Jokipii (1995)
Science 268, 1024-1025
   Abstract »    PDF »


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