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Science 2 September 1994:
Vol. 265. no. 5177, pp. 1442 - 1445
DOI: 10.1126/science.8073286

Articles

Science, Vol 265, Issue 5177, 1442-1445
Copyright © 1994 by American Association for the Advancement of Science


articles

Ku80: product of the XRCC5 gene and its role in DNA repair and V(D)J recombination

GE Taccioli, TM Gottlieb, T Blunt, A Priestley, J Demengeot, R Mizuta, AR Lehmann, FW Alt, SP Jackson, and PA Jeggo

Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.

The radiosensitive mutant xrs-6, derived from Chinese hamster ovary cells, is defective in DNA double-strand break repair and in ability to undergo V(D)J recombination. The human XRCC5 DNA repair gene, which complements this mutant, is shown here through genetic and biochemical evidence to be the 80-kilodalton subunit of the Ku protein. Ku binds to free double-stranded DNA ends and is the DNA-binding component of the DNA-dependent protein kinase. Thus, the Ku protein is involved in DNA repair and in V(D)J recombination, and these results may also indicate a role for the Ku-DNA-dependent protein kinase complex in those same processes.


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Distinct roles of XRCC4 and Ku80 in non-homologous end-joining of endonuclease- and ionizing radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks.
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Deletion of Ku70, Ku80, or Both Causes Early Aging without Substantially Increased Cancer.
H. Li, H. Vogel, V. B. Holcomb, Y. Gu, and P. Hasty (2007)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 27, 8205-8214
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Ku80 Participates in the Targeting of Retroviral Transgenes to the Chromatin of CHO Cells.
C. Masson, S. Bury-Mone, E. Guiot, A. Saez-Cirion, D. Schoevaert-Brossault, C. Brachet-Ducos, O. Delelis, F. Subra, L. Jeanson-Leh, and J.-F. Mouscadet (2007)
J. Virol. 81, 7924-7932
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Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1 Accelerates Single-Strand Break Repair in Concert with Poly(ADP-Ribose) Glycohydrolase.
A. E. O. Fisher, H. Hochegger, S. Takeda, and K. W. Caldecott (2007)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 27, 5597-5605
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The antipsychotic drug trifluoperazine inhibits DNA repair and sensitizes non small cell lung carcinoma cells to DNA double-strand break induced cell death.
A. G. Polischouk, A. Holgersson, D. Zong, B. Stenerlow, H. L. Karlsson, L. Moller, K. Viktorsson, and R. Lewensohn (2007)
Mol. Cancer Ther. 6, 2303-2309
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sae2- and Tel1-Dependent Single-Strand DNA Formation at DNA Break Promotes Microhomology-Mediated End Joining.
K. Lee and S. E. Lee (2007)
Genetics 176, 2003-2014
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cernunnos/XLF promotes the ligation of mismatched and noncohesive DNA ends.
C. J. Tsai, S. A. Kim, and G. Chu (2007)
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   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Loading of the Nonhomologous End Joining Factor, Ku, on Protein-occluded DNA Ends.
S. A. Roberts and D. A. Ramsden (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 10605-10613
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Evolutionary and Functional Conservation of the DNA Non-homologous End-joining Protein, XLF/Cernunnos.
P. Hentges, P. Ahnesorg, R. S. Pitcher, C. K. Bruce, B. Kysela, A. J. Green, J. Bianchi, T. E. Wilson, S. P. Jackson, and A. J. Doherty (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 37517-37526
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Distinct modes of DNA damage response in S. pombe G0 and vegetative cells.
S. Mochida and M. Yanagida (2006)
Genes Cells 11, 13-27
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Radiosensitization of MDA-MB-231 breast tumor cells by adenovirus-mediated overexpression of a fragment of the XRCC4 protein.
K. R. Jones, D. A. Gewirtz, S. M. Yannone, S. Zhou, D. G. Schatz, K. Valerie, and L. F. Povirk (2005)
Mol. Cancer Ther. 4, 1541-1547
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Oncogenic H-Ras Up-regulates Expression of Ku80 to Protect Cells from {gamma}-Ray Irradiation in NIH3T3 Cells.
I.-Y. Chang, C.-K. Youn, H.-B. Kim, M.-H. Kim, H.-J. Cho, Y. Yoon, Y.-S. Lee, M.-H. Chung, and H. J. You (2005)
Cancer Res. 65, 6811-6819
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Ku86 preserves chromatin integrity in cells adapted to high NaCl.
N. I. Dmitrieva, A. Celeste, A. Nussenzweig, and M. B. Burg (2005)
PNAS 102, 10730-10735
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DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Is a Molecular Target for the Development of Noncytotoxic Radiation-Sensitizing Drugs.
E. T. Shinohara, L. Geng, J. Tan, H. Chen, Y. Shir, E. Edwards, J. Halbrook, E. A. Kesicki, A. Kashishian, and D. E. Hallahan (2005)
Cancer Res. 65, 4987-4992
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Human chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells can escape DNA damage-induced apoptosis through the nonhomologous end-joining DNA repair pathway.
L. Deriano, O. Guipaud, H. Merle-Beral, J.-L. Binet, M. Ricoul, G. Potocki-Veronese, V. Favaudon, Z. Maciorowski, C. Muller, B. Salles, et al. (2005)
Blood 105, 4776-4783
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DNA damage response and Ku80 function in the vertebrate embryo.
C. L. Bladen, W. K. Lam, W. S. Dynan, and D. J. Kozlowski (2005)
Nucleic Acids Res. 33, 3002-3010
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Functional Characterization of a Novel Ku70/80 Pause Site at the H19/Igf2 Imprinting Control Region.
D. J. Katz, M. A. Beer, J. M. Levorse, and S. M. Tilghman (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 3855-3863
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Ku protein targeting by Ku70 small interfering RNA enhances human cancer cell response to topoisomerase II inhibitor and {gamma} radiation.
I. S. Ayene, L. P. Ford, and C. J. Koch (2005)
Mol. Cancer Ther. 4, 529-536
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Fluorescence Anisotropy Studies on the Ku-DNA Interaction: ANION AND CATION EFFECTS.
D. Arosio, S. Costantini, Y. Kong, and A. Vindigni (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 42826-42835
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A Rad50-dependent pathway of DNA repair is deficient in Fanconi anemia fibroblasts.
S. L. Donahue and C. Campbell (2004)
Nucleic Acids Res. 32, 3248-3257
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Visualization of inositol phosphate-dependent mobility of Ku: depletion of the DNA-PK cofactor InsP6 inhibits Ku mobility.
J. Byrum, S. Jordan, S. T. Safrany, and W. Rodgers (2004)
Nucleic Acids Res. 32, 2776-2784
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Transcriptional Regulation of P450scc Gene Expression in the Embryonic Rodent Nervous System.
F. Hammer, N. A. Compagnone, J.-L. Vigne, S. R. Bair, and S. H. Mellon (2004)
Endocrinology 145, 901-912
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) phosphorylates nuclear DNA helicase II/RNA helicase A and hnRNP proteins in an RNA-dependent manner.
S. Zhang, B. Schlott, M. Gorlach, and F. Grosse (2004)
Nucleic Acids Res. 32, 1-10
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Which end: dissecting Ku's function at telomeres and double-strand breaks.
A. A. Bertuch and V. Lundblad (2003)
Genes & Dev. 17, 2347-2350
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Nonhomologous end joining and V(D)J recombination require an additional factor.
Y. Dai, B. Kysela, L. A. Hanakahi, K. Manolis, E. Riballo, M. Stumm, T. O. Harville, S. C. West, M. A. Oettinger, and P. A. Jeggo (2003)
PNAS 100, 2462-2467
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Analysis of the DNA replication competence of the xrs-5 mutant cells defective in Ku86.
D. Matheos, O. Novac, G. B. Price, and M. Zannis-Hadjopoulos (2003)
J. Cell Sci. 116, 111-124
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A single amino acid substitution in DNA-PKcs explains the novel phenotype of the CHO mutant, XR-C2.
T. Woods, W. Wang, E. Convery, A. Errami, M. Z. Zdzienicka, and K. Meek (2002)
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Expression of Ku70 and Ku80 Mediated by NF-kappa B and Cyclooxygenase-2 Is Related to Proliferation of Human Gastric Cancer Cells.
J. W. Lim, H. Kim, and K. H. Kim (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 46093-46100
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Subnuclear Localization of Ku Protein: Functional Association with RNA Polymerase II Elongation Sites.
X. Mo and W. S. Dynan (2002)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 22, 8088-8099
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DNA-PK-dependent binding of DNA ends to plasmids containing nuclear matrix attachment region DNA sequences: evidence for assembly of a repair complex.
S. K. Mauldin, R. C. Getts, W. Liu, and T. D. Stamato (2002)
Nucleic Acids Res. 30, 4075-4087
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Studies on the Mode of Ku Interaction with DNA.
D. Arosio, S. Cui, C. Ortega, M. Chovanec, S. Di Marco, G. Baldini, A. Falaschi, and A. Vindigni (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 9741-9748
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
DNA double-strand breaks induce formation of RP-A/Ku foci on in vitro reconstituted Xenopus sperm nuclei.
P. Grandi, M. Eltsov, I. Nielsen, and I. Raska (2002)
J. Cell Sci. 114, 3345-3357
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Restriction enzymes increase efficiencies of illegitimate DNA integration but decrease homologous integration in mammalian cells.
P. Manivasakam, J. Aubrecht, S. Sidhom, and R. H. Schiestl (2001)
Nucleic Acids Res. 29, 4826-4833
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
High susceptibility of Scid mice to colon carcinogenesis induced by azoxymethane indicates a possible caretaker role for DNA-dependent protein kinase.
M. Ochiai, T. Ubagai, T. Kawamori, H. Imai, T. Sugimura, and H. Nakagama (2001)
Carcinogenesis 22, 1551-1555
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Increased Gene Amplification in Immortal Rodent Cells Deficient for the DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic Subunit.
C. Mondello, P. Rebuzzini, M. Dolzan, S. Edmonson, G. E. Taccioli, and E. Giulotto (2001)
Cancer Res. 61, 4520-4525
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ku80 is required for addition of N nucleotides to V(D)J recombination junctions by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase.
M. M. Purugganan, S. Shah, J. F. Kearney, and D. B. Roth (2001)
Nucleic Acids Res. 29, 1638-1646
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Gestational Age and Gender-specific In Utero V(D)J Recombinase-mediated Deletions.
M. Yoshioka, J. P. O’Neill, P. M. Vacek, and B. A. Finette (2001)
Cancer Res. 61, 3432-3438
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Gene Expression Patterns in the Lungs of Patients With Primary Pulmonary Hypertension : A Gene Microarray Analysis.
M. W. Geraci, M. Moore, T. Gesell, M. E. Yeager, L. Alger, H. Golpon, B. Gao, J. E. Loyd, R. M. Tuder, and N. F. Voelkel (2001)
Circ. Res. 88, 555-562
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
RAD51 supports spontaneous non-homologous recombination in mammalian cells, but not the corresponding process induced by topoisomerase inhibitors.
C. Arnaudeau, L. Rozier, C. Cazaux, M. Defais, D. Jenssen, and T. Helleday (2001)
Nucleic Acids Res. 29, 662-667
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Nuclear localization of Ku antigen is promoted independently by basic motifs in the Ku70 and Ku80 subunits.
J Bertinato, C Schild-Poulter, and R. Hache (2001)
J. Cell Sci. 114, 89-99
   Abstract »    PDF »
A Ku80 fragment with dominant negative activity imparts a radiosensitive phenotype to CHO-K1 cells.
E. Marangoni, N. Foray, M. O'Driscoll, S. Douc-Rasy, J. Bernier, J. Bourhis, and P. Jeggo (2000)
Nucleic Acids Res. 28, 4778-4782
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ku86 Variant Expression and Function in Multiple Myeloma Cells Is Associated with Increased Sensitivity to DNA Damage.
Y.-T. Tai, G. Teoh, B. Lin, F. E. Davies, D. Chauhan, S. P. Treon, N. Raje, T. Hideshima, Y. Shima, K. Podar, et al. (2000)
J. Immunol. 165, 6347-6355
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ku acts in a unique way at the mammalian telomere to prevent end joining.
H.-L. Hsu, D. Gilley, S. A. Galande, M. P. Hande, B. Allen, S.-H. Kim, G. C. Li, J. Campisi, T. Kohwi-Shigematsu, and D. J. Chen (2000)
Genes & Dev. 14, 2807-2812
   Abstract »    Full Text »
An alternate form of Ku80 is required for DNA end-binding activity in mammalian mitochondria.
G. Coffey and C. Campbell (2000)
Nucleic Acids Res. 28, 3793-3800
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Signal Joint Formation Is Also Impaired in DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic Subunit Knockout Cells.
R. Fukumura, R. Araki, A. Fujimori, Y. Tsutsumi, A. Kurimasa, G. C. Li, D. J. Chen, K. Tatsumi, and M. Abe (2000)
J. Immunol. 165, 3883-3889
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
DNA double-strand break repair in cell-free extracts from Ku80-deficient cells: implications for Ku serving as an alignment factor in non-homologous DNA end joining.
E. Feldmann, V. Schmiemann, W. Goedecke, S. Reichenberger, and P. Pfeiffer (2000)
Nucleic Acids Res. 28, 2585-2596
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Analysis of ku80-Mutant Mice and Cells with Deficient Levels of p53.
D.-S. Lim, H. Vogel, D. M. Willerford, A. T. Sands, K. A. Platt, and P. Hasty (2000)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 20, 3772-3780
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Evidence for Class-specific Factors in Immunoglobulin Isotype Switching.
A. Shanmugam, M.-J. Shi, L. Yauch, J. Stavnezer, and A. L. Kenter (2000)
J. Exp. Med. 191, 1365-1380
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ionizing Radiation Exposure Results in Up-regulation of Ku70 via a p53/Ataxia-Telangiectasia-mutated Protein-dependent Mechanism.
K. D. Brown, T. A. Lataxes, S. Shangary, J. L. Mannino, J. F. Giardina, J. Chen, and R. Baskaran (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 6651-6656
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Analyses of TCRB Rearrangements Substantiate a Profound Deficit in Recombination Signal Sequence Joining in SCID Foals: Implications for the Role of DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase in V(D)J Recombination.
E. K. Shin, T. Rijkers, A. Pastink, and K. Meek (2000)
J. Immunol. 164, 1416-1424
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Antifungal Activities of Antineoplastic Agents: Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a Model System To Study Drug Action.
M. E. Cardenas, M. C. Cruz, M. Del Poeta, N. Chung, J. R. Perfect, and J. Heitman (1999)
Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 12, 583-611
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Modulation of Terminal Deoxynucleotidyltransferase Activity by the DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase.
S. Mickelsen, C. Snyder, K. Trujillo, M. Bogue, D. B. Roth, and K. Meek (1999)
J. Immunol. 163, 834-843
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Photocross-linking of an Oriented DNA Repair Complex. Ku BOUND AT A SINGLE DNA END.
S. Yoo, A. Kimzey, and W. S. Dynan (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 20034-20039
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Disruption of mRad50 causes embryonic stem cell lethality, abnormal embryonic development, and sensitivity to ionizing radiation.
G. Luo, M. S. Yao, C. F. Bender, M. Mills, A. R. Bladl, A. Bradley, and J. H. J. Petrini (1999)
PNAS 96, 7376-7381
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ku Antigen-DNA Conformation Determines the Activation of DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase and DNA Sequence-Directed Repression of Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Transcription.
W. Giffin, W. Gong, C. Schild-Poulter, and R. J. G. Hache (1999)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 4065-4078
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Immunoglobulin Switch Recombination May Occur by a DNA End-Joining Mechanism.
A. KENTER and R. WUERFFEL (1999)
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 870, 206-217
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Ability of p53 to Activate Downstream Genes p21WAF1/cip1 and MDM2, and Cell Cycle Arrest following DNA Damage Is Delayed and Attenuated in scid Cells Deficient in the DNA-dependent Protein Kinase.
L. A. Kachnic, B. Wu, H. Wunsch, K. L. Mekeel, J. S. DeFrank, W. Tang, and S. N. Powell (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 13111-13117
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The C Terminus of Ku80 Activates the DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic Subunit.
B. K. Singleton, M. I. Torres-Arzayus, S. T. Rottinghaus, G. E. Taccioli, and P. A. Jeggo (1999)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 3267-3277
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The DNA-dependent protein kinase.
G. C.M. Smith and S. P. Jackson (1999)
Genes & Dev. 13, 916-934
   Full Text »
Ku-Dependent Nonhomologous DNA End Joining in Xenopus Egg Extracts.
P. Labhart (1999)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 2585-2593
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
OBA/Ku86: DNA Binding Specificity and Involvement in Mammalian DNA Replication.
M. T. Ruiz, D. Matheos, G. B. Price, and M. Zannis-Hadjopoulos (1999)
Mol. Biol. Cell 10, 567-580
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Bacteriophage T4 gp2 Interferes with Cell Viability and with Bacteriophage Lambda Red Recombination.
K. Appasani, D. S. Thaler, and E. B. Goldberg (1999)
J. Bacteriol. 181, 1352-1355
   Abstract »    Full Text »
The Ku70 autoantigen interacts with p40phox in B lymphocytes.
N Grandvaux, S Grizot, P. Vignais, and M. Dagher (1999)
J. Cell Sci. 112, 503-513
   Abstract »    PDF »
The Nuclease Activity of Mre11 Is Required for Meiosis but Not for Mating Type Switching, End Joining, or Telomere Maintenance.
S. Moreau, J. R. Ferguson, and L. S. Symington (1999)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 556-566
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Nuclear Extracts Lacking DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Are Deficient in Multiple Round Transcription.
R. L. Woodard, M. G. Anderson, and W. S. Dynan (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 478-485
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Asbestos and DNA Double Strand Breaks.
R. Okayasu, S. Takahashi, S. Yamada, T. K. Hei, and R. L. Ullrich (1999)
Cancer Res. 59, 298-300
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase Expression During Neonatal Life Alters DH Reading Frame Usage and Ig-Receptor-Dependent Selection of V Regions.
A. J. Marshall, N. Doyen, L. A. Bentolila, C. J. Paige, and G. E. Wu (1998)
J. Immunol. 161, 6657-6663
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
DNA end-joining catalyzed by human cell-free extracts.
P. Baumann and S. C. West (1998)
PNAS 95, 14066-14070
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Failure of Hairpin-Ended and Nicked DNA To Activate DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase: Implications for V(D)J Recombination.
V. Smider, W. K. Rathmell, G. Brown, S. Lewis, and G. Chu (1998)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 18, 6853-6858
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Hypersensitivity of Ku-Deficient Cells toward the DNA Topoisomerase II Inhibitor ICRF-193 Suggests a Novel Role for Ku Antigen during the G2 and M Phases of the Cell Cycle.
P. Muñoz, M. Z. Zdzienicka, J.-M. Blanchard, and J. Piette (1998)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 18, 5797-5808
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Productive and Nonproductive Complexes of Ku and DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase at DNA Termini.
R. B. West, M. Yaneva, and M. R. Lieber (1998)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 18, 5908-5920
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Xrcc3 Is Required for Assembly of Rad51 Complexes in Vivo.
D. K. Bishop, U. Ear, A. Bhattacharyya, C. Calderone, M. Beckett, R. R. Weichselbaum, and A. Shinohara (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 21482-21488
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Sequence-specific Binding of Ku Autoantigen to Single-stranded DNA.
H. Torrance, W. Giffin, D. J. Rodda, L. Pope, and R. J. G. Hache (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 20810-20819
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ku70 Is Required for Late B Cell Development and Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Class Switching.
J. P. Manis, Y. Gu, R. Lansford, E. Sonoda, R. Ferrini, L. Davidson, K. Rajewsky, and F. W. Alt (1998)
J. Exp. Med. 187, 2081-2089
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Stimulation of the DNA-dependent Protein Kinase by Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase.
T. Ruscetti, B. E. Lehnert, J. Halbrook, H. Le Trong, M. F. Hoekstra, D. J. Chen, and S. R. Peterson (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 14461-14467
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Murine Cell Line SX9 Bearing a Mutation in the dna-pkcs Gene Exhibits Aberrant V(D)J Recombination Not Only in the Coding Joint but Also in the Signal Joint.
R. Fukumura, R. Araki, A. Fujimori, M. Mori, T. Saito, F. Watanabe, M. Sarashi, H. Itsukaichi, K. Eguchi-Kasai, K. Sato, et al. (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 13058-13064
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Negative Vitamin D Response DNA Element in the Human Parathyroid Hormone-related Peptide Gene Binds to Vitamin D Receptor Along with Ku Antigen to Mediate Negative Gene Regulation by Vitamin D.
T. Nishishita, T. Okazaki, T. Ishikawa, T. Igarashi, K. Hata, E. Ogata, and T. Fujita (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 10901-10907
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Modulation of Sp1 Phosphorylation by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Tat.
R. F. Chun, O. J. Semmes, C. Neuveut, and K.-T. Jeang (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 2615-2629
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Repression of GCN5 Histone Acetyltransferase Activity via Bromodomain-Mediated Binding and Phosphorylation by the Ku-DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Complex.
N. A. Barlev, V. Poltoratsky, T. Owen-Hughes, C. Ying, L. Liu, J. L. Workman, and S. L. Berger (1998)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 18, 1349-1358
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Analysis of DNA Binding Proteins Associated With Hemin-Induced Transcriptional Inhibition. The Hemin Response Element Binding Protein Is a Heterogeneous Complex That Includes the Ku Protein.
S.V. Reddy, O. Alcantara, and D.H. Boldt (1998)
Blood 91, 1793-1801
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
DNA-dependent protein kinase: DNA binding and activation in the absence of Ku.
O. Hammarsten and G. Chu (1998)
PNAS 95, 525-530
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The XRCC4 Gene Product Is a Target for and Interacts with the DNA-dependent Protein Kinase.
R. Leber, T. W. Wise, R. Mizuta, and K. Meek (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 1794-1801
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of Two Domains of the p70 Ku Protein Mediating Dimerization with p80 and DNA Binding.
J. Wang, X. Dong, K. Myung, E. A. Hendrickson, and W. H. Reeves (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 842-848
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Impairment of Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen-dependent Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Site Repair on Linear DNA.
S. Biade, R. W. Sobol, S. H. Wilson, and Y. Matsumoto (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 898-902
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Defining the Minimal Domain of Ku80 for Interaction with Ku70.
O. Osipovich, S. K. Durum, and K. Muegge (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 27259-27265
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Double Strand Break Repair.
G. Chu (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 24097-24100
   Full Text »    PDF »
Ku70 Is Required for DNA Repair but Not for T Cell Antigen Receptor Gene Recombination In Vivo.
H. Ouyang, A. Nussenzweig, A. Kurimasa, V. d. C. Soares, X. Li, C. Cordon-Cardo, W.-h. Li, N. Cheong, M. Nussenzweig, G. Iliakis, et al. (1997)
J. Exp. Med. 186, 921-929
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