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Science 15 April 1994:
Vol. 264. no. 5157, pp. 421 - 424
DOI: 10.1126/science.264.5157.421
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Articles

Stomatal Size in Fossil Plants: Evidence for Polyploidy in Majority of Angiosperms

Jane Masterson 1

1 Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, 5734 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. E-mail: masters@midway.uchicago.edu.

Three published estimates of the frequency of polyploidy in angiosperms (30 to 35 percent, 47 percent, and 70 to 80 percent) were tested by estimating the genome size of extinct woody angiosperms with the use of fossil guard cell size as a proxy for cellular DNA content. The inferred chromosome numbers of these extinct species suggest that seven to nine is the primitive haploid chromosome number of angiosperms and that most angiosperms (approximately 70 percent) have polyploidy in their history.

Submitted on November 19, 1993
Accepted on February 25, 1994


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   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
De novo variation in life-history traits and responses to growth conditions of resynthesized polyploid Brassica napus (Brassicaceae).
M. E. Schranz and T. C. Osborn (2004)
Am. J. Botany 91, 174-183
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Breeding system evolution in Tarasa (Malvaceae) and selection for reduced pollen grain size in the polyploid species.
J. A. Tate and B. B. Simpson (2004)
Am. J. Botany 91, 207-213
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Fine-scale Geographical Structure, Intra-individual Polymorphism and Recombination in Nuclear Ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacers in Armeria (Plumbaginaceae).
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Ann. Bot. 93, 189-200
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A BAC- and BIBAC-Based Physical Map of the Soybean Genome.
C. Wu, S. Sun, P. Nimmakayala, F. A. Santos, K. Meksem, R. Springman, K. Ding, D. A. Lightfoot, and H.-B. Zhang (2004)
Genome Res. 14, 319-326
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Manduca sexta recognition and resistance among allopolyploid Nicotiana host plants.
Y. Lou and I. T. Baldwin (2003)
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   Abstract »    Full Text »
Systematic Phylogenomic Evidence of en Bloc Duplication of the Ancestral 8p11.21-8p21.3-like Region.
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Mol. Biol. Evol. 20, 1290-1298
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
PrBn, a Major Gene Controlling Homeologous Pairing in Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus) Haploids.
E. Jenczewski, F. Eber, A. Grimaud, S. Huet, M. O. Lucas, H. Monod, and A. M. Chevre (2003)
Genetics 164, 645-653
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Multiple Hybrid Formation in Natural Populations: Concerted Evolution of the Internal Transcribed Spacer of Nuclear Ribosomal DNA (ITS) in North American Arabis divaricarpa (Brassicaceae).
M. A. Koch, C. Dobes, and T. Mitchell-Olds (2003)
Mol. Biol. Evol. 20, 338-350
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Impact of Polyploidy on Grass Genome Evolution.
A. A. Levy and M. Feldman (2002)
Plant Physiology 130, 1587-1593
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Characterization and Effects of the Replicated Flowering Time Gene FLC in Brassica rapa.
M. E. Schranz, P. Quijada, S.-B. Sung, L. Lukens, R. Amasino, and T. C. Osborn (2002)
Genetics 162, 1457-1468
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Physical Localization of the 18S-5{middle dot}8S-26S rDNA and Sequence Analysis of ITS Regions in Thinopyrum ponticum (Poaceae: Triticeae): Implications for Concerted Evolution.
D. LI and X. ZHANG (2002)
Ann. Bot. 90, 445-452
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The origin of the apple subfamily (Maloideae; Rosaceae) is clarified by DNA sequence data from duplicated GBSSI genes.
R. C. Evans and C. S. Campbell (2002)
Am. J. Botany 89, 1478-1484
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Beyond the Arabidopsis Genome: Opportunities for Comparative Genomics.
A. E. Hall, A. Fiebig, and D. Preuss (2002)
Plant Physiology 129, 1439-1447
   Full Text »    PDF »
A Draft Sequence of the Rice Genome (Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica).
J. Yu, S. Hu, J. Wang, G. K.-S. Wong, S. Li, B. Liu, Y. Deng, L. Dai, Y. Zhou, X. Zhang, et al. (2002)
Science 296, 79-92
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Study of Intrachromosomal Duplications Among the Eukaryote Genomes.
G. Achaz, P. Netter, and E. Coissac (2001)
Mol. Biol. Evol. 18, 2280-2288
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Multivalent Pairing Model of Linkage Analysis in Autotetraploids.
S. S. Wu, R. Wu, C.-X. Ma, Z.-B. Zeng, M. C. K. Yang, and G. Casella (2001)
Genetics 159, 1339-1350
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Reproductive biology and natural hybridization between two endemic species of Pitcairnia (Bromeliaceae).
T. Wendt, M. B. F. Canela, A. P. Gelli de Faria, and R. I. Rios (2001)
Am. J. Botany 88, 1760-1767
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transmission Genetics of Chromatin From a Synthetic Amphidiploid to Cultivated Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.): Broadening the Gene Pool of a Monophyletic Polyploid Species.
M. D. Burow, C. E. Simpson, J. L. Starr, and A. H. Paterson (2001)
Genetics 159, 823-837
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A General Polyploid Model for Analyzing Gene Segregation in Outcrossing Tetraploid Species.
R. Wu, M. Gallo-Meagher, R. C. Littell, and Z.-B. Zeng (2001)
Genetics 159, 869-882
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Allopolyploidy-Induced Rapid Genome Evolution in the Wheat (Aegilops-Triticum) Group.
H. Ozkan, A. A. Levy, and M. Feldman (2001)
PLANT CELL 13, 1735-1747
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Sequence Elimination and Cytosine Methylation Are Rapid and Reproducible Responses of the Genome to Wide Hybridization and Allopolyploidy in Wheat.
H. Shaked, K. Kashkush, H. Ozkan, M. Feldman, and A. A. Levy (2001)
PLANT CELL 13, 1749-1759
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Sequence Diversity in the Tetraploid Zea perennis and the Closely Related Diploid Z. diploperennis: Insights From Four Nuclear Loci.
P. Tiffin and B. S. Gaut (2001)
Genetics 158, 401-412
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Molecular Evolution of Receptor-Like Kinase Genes in Hexaploid Wheat. Independent Evolution of Orthologs after Polyploidization and Mechanisms of Local Rearrangements at Paralogous Loci.
C. Feuillet, A. Penger, K. Gellner, A. Mast, and B. Keller (2001)
Plant Physiology 125, 1304-1313
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A comparison of three methods for determining the stomatal density of pine needles.
K. R. Hultine and J. D. Marshall (2001)
J. Exp. Bot. 52, 369-373
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Polyploidy and the Evolution of Gender Dimorphism in Plants.
J. S. Miller and D. L. Venable (2000)
Science 289, 2335-2338
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Comparative Genomics of Plant Chromosomes.
A. H. Paterson, J. E. Bowers, M. D. Burow, X. Draye, C. G. Elsik, C.-X. Jiang, C. S. Katsar, T.-H. Lan, Y.-R. Lin, R. Ming, et al. (2000)
PLANT CELL 12, 1523-1540
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Maize as a model for the evolution of plant nuclear genomes.
B. S. Gaut, M. Le Thierry d'Ennequin, A. S. Peek, and M. C. Sawkins (2000)
PNAS 97, 7008-7015
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The role of genetic and genomic attributes in the success of polyploids.
P. S. Soltis and D. E. Soltis (2000)
PNAS 97, 7051-7057
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Polyploidy Induces Centromere Association.
E. Martinez-Perez, P. J. Shaw, and G. Moore (2000)
J. Cell Biol. 148, 233-238
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Phylogeny of rice genomes with emphasis on origins of allotetraploid species.
S. Ge, T. Sang, B.-R. Lu, and D.-Y. Hong (1999)
PNAS 96, 14400-14405
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Duplicated genes evolve independently after polyploid formation in cotton.
R. C. Cronn, R. L. Small, and J. F. Wendel (1999)
PNAS 96, 14406-14411
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Origins, colonization, and lineage recombination in a widespread perennial soybean polyploid complex.
J. J. Doyle, J. L. Doyle, and A. H. D. Brown (1999)
PNAS 96, 10741-10745
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular evidence for allopolyploid speciation and a single origin of the narrow endemic Draba ladina (Brassicaceae).
A. Widmer and M. Baltisberger (1999)
Am. J. Botany 86, 1282-1289
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cytotype distribution at a diploid–tetraploid contact zone in Chamerion (Epilobium) angustifolium (Onagraceae).
B. C. Husband and D. W. Schemske (1998)
Am. J. Botany 85, 1688-1694
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Comparative Mapping Between Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica nigra Indicates That Brassica Genomes Have Evolved Through Extensive Genome Replication Accompanied by Chromosome Fusions and Frequent Rearrangements.
U. Lagercrantz (1998)
Genetics 150, 1217-1228
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Evolution of interspersed repetitive elements inGossypium (Malvaceae).
RobertE. Hanson, X.-p. Zhao, M.N. Islam-Faridi, AndrewH. Paterson, MichaelS. Zwick, CharlesF. Crane, ThomasD. McKnight, DavidM. Stelly, and H.J. Price (1998)
Am. J. Botany 85, 1364-1368
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Dispersed Repetitive DNA Has Spread to New Genomes Since Polyploid Formation in Cotton.
X.-p. Zhao, Y. Si, R. E. Hanson, C. F. Crane, H. J. Price, D. M. Stelly, J. F. Wendel, and A. H. Paterson (1998)
Genome Res. 8, 479-492
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Polyploid formation created unique avenues for response to selection in Gossypium (cotton).
C.-x. Jiang, R. J. Wright, K. M. El-Zik, and A. H. Paterson (1998)
PNAS 95, 4419-4424
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Convergent Domestication of Cereal Crops by Independent Mutations at Corresponding Genetic Loci.
A. H. Paterson, Y.-R. Lin, Z. Li, K. F. Schertz, J. F. Doebley, S. R. M. Pinson, S.-C. Liu, J. W. Stansel, and J. E. Irvine (1995)
Science 269, 1714-1718
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Speciation through homoploid hybridization between allotetraploids in peonies (Paeonia).
D. Ferguson and T. Sang (2001)
PNAS 98, 3915-3919
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Protein-coding genes are epigenetically regulated in Arabidopsis polyploids.
H.-S. Lee and Z. J. Chen (2001)
PNAS 98, 6753-6758
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Comparing sequenced segments of the tomato and Arabidopsis genomes: Large-scale duplication followed by selective gene loss creates a network of synteny.
H.-M. Ku, T. Vision, J. Liu, and S. D. Tanksley (2000)
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