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Science 2 July 1993:
Vol. 261. no. 5117, pp. 106 - 108
DOI: 10.1126/science.8100369
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Articles

Science, Vol 261, Issue 5117, 106-108
Copyright © 1993 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

A transglutaminase that converts interleukin-2 into a factor cytotoxic to oligodendrocytes

S Eitan and M Schwartz

Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.

Regenerating optic nerves from fish produce a factor that is cytotoxic to oligodendrocytes. The cytotoxic factor is recognized by antibodies to interleukin-2 (IL-2) and has the apparent molecular size of a dimer of IL-2. An enzyme, identified as a nerve transglutaminase, was purified from regenerating optic nerves of fish and was found to catalyze dimerization of human IL-2. The dimerized IL-2, unlike monomeric IL-2, is cytotoxic to oligodendrocytes from rat brain in culture. The results suggest that posttranslational modification of a cytokine can alter its activity. Under conditions in which oligodendrocytes inhibit neuronal regeneration, dimerization of IL-2 might provide a mechanism to permit nerve growth.


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