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Science 11 June 1993:
Vol. 260. no. 5114, pp. 1610 - 1616
DOI: 10.1126/science.8503006
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Articles

Science, Vol 260, Issue 5114, 1610-1616
Copyright © 1993 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

The biological and social phenomenon of Lyme disease

AG Barbour and D Fish

Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284.

Lyme disease, unknown in the United States two decades ago, is now the most common arthropod-borne disease in the country and has caused considerable morbidity in several suburban and rural areas. The emergence of this disease is in part the consequence of the reforestation of the northeastern United States and the rise in deer populations. Unfortunately, an accurate estimation of its importance to human and animal health has not been made because of difficulties in diagnosis and inadequate surveillance activities. Strategies for prevention of Lyme disease include vector control and vaccines.


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Structural Investigation of Borrelia burgdorferi OspB, a BactericidalFab Target.
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An ecological approach to preventing human infection: Vaccinating wild mouse reservoirs intervenes in the Lyme disease cycle.
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Sequence typing reveals extensive strain diversity of the Lyme borreliosis agents Borrelia burgdorferi in North America and Borrelia afzelii in Europe.
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J. Clin. Microbiol. 40, 1249-1253
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Misconceptions about Lyme Disease: Confusions Hiding behind Ill-Chosen Terminology.
L. H. Sigal (2002)
Ann Intern Med 136, 413-419
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Geographic Uniformity of the Lyme Disease Spirochete (Borrelia burgdorferi) and Its Shared History With Tick Vector (Ixodes scapularis) in the Northeastern United States.
W.-G. Qiu, D. E. Dykhuizen, M. S. Acosta, and B. J. Luft (2002)
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Raccoon rabies in space and time.
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PNAS 97, 14041-14043
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The Impact of Lyme Disease on School Children.
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Conservation and Heterogeneity of vlsE among Human and Tick Isolates of Borrelia burgdorferi.
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Infect. Immun. 68, 1714-1718
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Emerging Infectious Diseases of Wildlife-- Threats to Biodiversity and Human Health.
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Science 287, 443-449
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J. H. Oliver Jr., K. L. Clark, F. W. Chandler Jr., L. Tao, A. M. James, C. W. Banks, L. O. Huey, A. R. Banks, D. C. Williams, and L. A. Durden (2000)
J. Clin. Microbiol. 38, 120-124
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Molecular Typing of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato: Taxonomic, Epidemiological, and Clinical Implications.
G. Wang, A. P. van Dam, I. Schwartz, and J. Dankert (1999)
Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 12, 633-653
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Genetic Diversity of Borrelia burgdorferi in Lyme Disease Patients as Determined by Culture versus Direct PCR with Clinical Specimens.
D. Liveris, S. Varde, R. Iyer, S. Koenig, S. Bittker, D. Cooper, D. McKenna, J. Nowakowski, R. B. Nadelman, G. P. Wormser, et al. (1999)
J. Clin. Microbiol. 37, 565-569
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Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci Governing Arthritis Severity and Humoral Responses in the Murine Model of Lyme Disease.
J. J. Weis, B. A. McCracken, Y. Ma, D. Fairbairn, R. J. Roper, T. B. Morrison, J. H. Weis, J. F. Zachary, R. W. Doerge, and C. Teuscher (1999)
J. Immunol. 162, 948-956
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Genetic Diversity of ospC in a Local Population of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto.
I.-N. Wang, D. E. Dykhuizen, W. Qiu, J. J. Dunn, E. M. Bosler, and B. J. Luft (1999)
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Geographic Risk for Lyme Disease and Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis in Southern New York State.
T. J. Daniels, T. M. Boccia, S. Varde, J. Marcus, J. Le, D. J. Bucher, R. C. Falco, and I. Schwartz (1998)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 64, 4663-4669
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Kinetics and In Vivo Induction of Genetic Variation of vlsE in Borrelia burgdorferi.
J.-R. Zhang and S. J. Norris (1998)
Infect. Immun. 66, 3689-3697
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Immunization against Lyme Disease -- An Important First Step.
R. T. Steigbigel and J. L. Benach (1998)
N. Engl. J. Med. 339, 263-264
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Integrins alpha vbeta 3 and alpha 5beta 1 Mediate Attachment of Lyme Disease Spirochetes to Human Cells.
J. Coburn, L. Magoun, S. C. Bodary, and J. M. Leong (1998)
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Immunoglobulin M Capture Assay for Serologic Confirmation of Early Lyme Disease: Analysis of Immune Complexes with Biotinylated Borrelia burgdorferi Sonicate Enhanced with Flagellin Peptide Epitope.
M. Brunner, S. Stein, P. D. Mitchell, and L. H. Sigal (1998)
J. Clin. Microbiol. 36, 1074-1080
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Chain Reactions Linking Acorns to Gypsy Moth Outbreaks and Lyme Disease Risk.
C. G. Jones, R. S. Ostfeld, M. P. Richard, E. M. Schauber, and J. O. Wolff (1998)
Science 279, 1023-1026
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Expert Advice and Patient Expectations: Laboratory Testing and Antibiotics for Lyme Disease.
A. G. Barbour (1998)
JAMA 279, 239-240
   Full Text »    PDF »
The Public Health Threat of Emerging Viral Disease.
S. S. Morse (1997)
J. Nutr. 127 , 951S
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Crystal structure of Lyme disease antigen outer surface protein A complexed with an Fab.
H. Li, J. J. Dunn, B. J. Luft, and C. L. Lawson (1997)
PNAS 94, 3584-3589
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tick-Borne Diseases in the United States.
D. H. Spach, W. C. Liles, G. L. Campbell, R. E. Quick, D. E. Anderson, and T. R. Fritsche (1993)
N. Engl. J. Med. 329, 936-947
   Full Text »


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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)