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Science 21 May 1993:
Vol. 260. no. 5111, pp. 1124 - 1127
DOI: 10.1126/science.7684161
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Articles

Science, Vol 260, Issue 5111, 1124-1127
Copyright © 1993 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Mechanotransduction across the cell surface and through the cytoskeleton

N Wang, JP Butler, and DE Ingber

Respiratory Biology Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115.

Mechanical stresses were applied directly to cell surface receptors with a magnetic twisting device. The extracellular matrix receptor, integrin beta 1, induced focal adhesion formation and supported a force-dependent stiffening response, whereas nonadhesion receptors did not. The cytoskeletal stiffness (ratio of stress to strain) increased in direct proportion to the applied stress and required intact microtubules and intermediate filaments as well as microfilaments. Tensegrity models that incorporate mechanically interdependent struts and strings that reorient globally in response to a localized stress mimicked this response. These results suggest that integrins act as mechanoreceptors and transmit mechanical signals to the cytoskeleton. Mechanotransduction, in turn, may be mediated simultaneously at multiple locations inside the cell through force-induced rearrangements within a tensionally integrated cytoskeleton.


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Genetic Models of Mechanotransduction: The Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
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Physiol Rev 84, 1097-1153
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Signal Transduction and Mechanical Stress.
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Sci. STKE 2004, re12
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Cytoskeletal mechanics in adherent human airway smooth muscle cells: probe specificity and scaling of protein-protein dynamics.
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