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Science 8 January 1993:
Vol. 259. no. 5092, pp. 227 - 230
DOI: 10.1126/science.8093647
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Articles

Science, Vol 259, Issue 5092, 227-230
Copyright © 1993 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Evidence for a clonal origin of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus

B Kreiswirth, J Kornblum, RD Arbeit, W Eisner, JN Maslow, A McGeer, DE Low, and RP Novick

Bureau of Laboratories, New York City Department of Health, NY 10016.

Soon after methicillin was introduced into clinical practice in the early 1960s, resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) appeared, bearing a newly acquired resistance gene, mecA, that encodes a penicillin binding protein, PBP2a. MRSA have spread throughout the world, and an investigation of the clonality of 472 isolates by DNA hybridization was performed. All 472 isolates could be divided into six temporally ordered mecA hybridization patterns, and three of these were subdivided by the chromomosomal transposon Tn554. Each Tn554 pattern occurred in association with one and only one mecA pattern, suggesting that mecA divergence preceded the acquisition of Tn554 in all cases and therefore that mecA may have been acquired just once by S. aureus.


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Genetic Organization of the Downstream Region of the mecA Element in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Carrying Different Polymorphisms of This Region.
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A New Class of Genetic Element, Staphylococcus Cassette Chromosome mec, Encodes Methicillin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus.
Y. Katayama, T. Ito, and K. Hiramatsu (2000)
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Molecular Epidemiology of Staphylococcus epidermidis in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit over a Three-Year Period.
P. Villari, C. Sarnataro, and L. Iacuzio (2000)
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Comparison of Protein A Gene Sequencing with Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis and Epidemiologic Data for Molecular Typing of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Y.-W. Tang, M. G. Waddington, D. H. Smith, J. M. Manahan, P. C. Kohner, L. M. Highsmith, H. Li, F. R. Cockerill III, R. L. Thompson, S. O. Montgomery, et al. (2000)
J. Clin. Microbiol. 38, 1347-1351
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Capsule Expression by Bovine Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from Argentina: Genetic and Epidemiologic Analyses.
D. O. Sordelli, F. R. Buzzola, M. I. Gomez, L. Steele-Moore, D. Berg, E. Gentilini, M. Catalano, A. J. Reitz, T. Tollersrud, G. Denamiel, et al. (2000)
J. Clin. Microbiol. 38, 846-850
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Evaluation of Protein A Gene Polymorphic Region DNA Sequencing for Typing of Staphylococcus aureus Strains.
B. Shopsin, M. Gomez, S. O. Montgomery, D. H. Smith, M. Waddington, D. E. Dodge, D. A. Bost, M. Riehman, S. Naidich, and B. N. Kreiswirth (1999)
J. Clin. Microbiol. 37, 3556-3563
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clonal Types in the Czech Republic.
O. Melter, I. Santos Sanches, J. Schindler, M. Aires de Sousa, R. Mato, V. Kovarova, H. Zemlickova, and H. de Lencastre (1999)
J. Clin. Microbiol. 37, 2798-2803
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Rapid Detection of Methicillin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus Isolates by the MRSA-Screen Latex Agglutination Test.
W. B. van Leeuwen, C. van Pelt, A. Luijendijk, H. A. Verbrugh, and W. H. F. Goessens (1999)
J. Clin. Microbiol. 37, 3029-3030
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Detection of an Archaic Clone of Staphylococcus aureus with Low-Level Resistance to Methicillin in a Pediatric Hospital in Portugal and in International Samples: Relics of a Formerly Widely Disseminated Strain?.
R. Sa-Leao, I. Santos Sanches, D. Dias, I. Peres, R. M. Barros, and H. de Lencastre (1999)
J. Clin. Microbiol. 37, 1913-1920
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Validation of Binary Typing for Staphylococcus aureus Strains.
W. van Leeuwen, H. Verbrugh, J. van der Velden, N. van Leeuwen, M. Heck, and A. van Belkum (1999)
J. Clin. Microbiol. 37, 664-674
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Clonal Distribution of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Poland.
T. Leski, D. Oliveira, K. Trzcinski, I. S. Sanches, M. A. de Sousa, W. Hryniewicz, and H. de Lencastre (1998)
J. Clin. Microbiol. 36, 3532-3539
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Intercontinental Spread of a Multidrug-Resistant MethicillinResistant Staphylococcus aureus Clone.
M. A. de Sousa, I. S. Sanches, M. L. Ferro, M. J. Vaz, Z. Saraiva, T. Tendeiro, J. Serra, and H. de Lencastre (1998)
J. Clin. Microbiol. 36, 2590-2596
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Staphylococcus aureus Infections.
F. D. Lowy (1998)
N. Engl. J. Med. 339, 520-532
   Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of the Earliest Known Staphylococcus aureus Plasmid Encoding a Multidrug Efflux System.
I. T. Paulsen, M. H. Brown, and R. A. Skurray (1998)
J. Bacteriol. 180, 3477-3479
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Sensitivity and Specificity of an Improved Rapid Latex Agglutination Test for Identification of Methicillin-Sensitive and -Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates.
S. C. Smole, E. Aronson, A. Durbin, S. M. Brecher, and R. D. Arbeit (1998)
J. Clin. Microbiol. 36, 1109-1112
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Evolution of an Endemic Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Population in an Australian Hospital from 1967 to 1996.
R. Givney, A. Vickery, A. Holliday, M. Pegler, and R. Benn (1998)
J. Clin. Microbiol. 36, 552-556
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis in Endophthalmitis.
M. C. Booth, K. L. Hatter, D. Miller, J. Davis, R. Kowalski, D. W. Parke, J. Chodosh, B. D. Jett, M. C. Callegan, R. Penland, et al. (1998)
Infect. Immun. 66, 356-360
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection.
D. S. Berman, W. Eisner, and B. Kreiswirth (1993)
N. Engl. J. Med. 329, 1896
   Full Text »
Value of Molecular Epidemiologic Analysis in a Nosocomial Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Outbreak.
F. C. Fang, M. McClelland, D. G. Guiney, M. M. Jackson, A. I. Hartstein, V. H. Morthland, C. E. Davis, D. C. McPherson, and J. Welsh (1993)
JAMA 270, 1323-1328
   Abstract »    PDF »
Evolutionary genomics of Staphylococcus aureus: Insights into the origin of methicillin-resistant strains and the toxic shock syndrome epidemic.
J. R. Fitzgerald, D. E. Sturdevant, S. M. Mackie, S. R. Gill, and J. M. Musser (2001)
PNAS 98, 8821-8826
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The evolution of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus: Similarity of genetic backgrounds in historically early methicillin-susceptible and -resistant isolates and contemporary epidemic clones.
M. I. Crisostomo, H. Westh, A. Tomasz, M. Chung, D. C. Oliveira, and H. de Lencastre (2001)
PNAS 98, 9865-9870
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


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