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Science 11 September 1992:
Vol. 257. no. 5076, pp. 1503 - 1507
DOI: 10.1126/science.257.5076.1503
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Articles

Ulysses at Jupiter: An Overview of the Encounter

E. J. Smith 1, K. -P. Wenzel 2, and D. E. Page 3

1 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109
2 European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), P.O. Box 299 2200 AG Noordwijk, the Netherlands
3 ESA Project Office, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA 91109

In February 1992, the Ulysses spacecraft flew through the giant magnetosphere of Jupiter. The primary objective of the encounter was to use the gravity field of Jupiter to redirect the spacecraft to the sun's polar regions, which will now be traversed in 1994 and 1995. However, the Ulysses scientific investigations were well suited to observations of the Jovian magnetosphere, and the encounter has resulted in a major contribution to our understanding of this complex and dynamic plasma environment. Among the more exciting results are (i) possible entry into the polar cap, (ii) the identification of magnetospheric ions originating from Jupiter's ionosphere, lo, and the solar wind, (iii) observation of longitudinal asymmetries in density and discrete wave-emitting regions of the lo plasma torus, (iv) the presence of counter-streaming ions and electrons, field-aligned currents, and energetic electron and radio bursts in the dusk sector on high-latitude magnetic field lines, and (v) the identification of the direction of the magnetic field in the dusk sector, which is indicative of tailward convection. This overview serves as an introduction to the accompanying reports that present the preliminary scientific findings. Aspects of the encounter that are common to all of the investigations, such as spacecraft capabilities, the flight path past Jupiter, and unique aspects of the encounter, are presented herein.

Submitted on June 12, 1992
Accepted on August 13, 1992


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
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Magnetic Field Observations During the Ulysses Flyby of Jupiter.
A. Balogh, A. Balogh, M. K. Dougherty, R. J. Forsyth, D. J. Southwood, E. J. Smith, B. T. Tsurutani, N. Murphy, and M. E. Burton (1992)
Science 257, 1515-1518
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Leaving Jupiter, Ulysses Heads For the Sun's South Pole.
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Science 257, 1478-1479
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Ulysses Spacecraft Rendezvous with Jupiter.
D. D. Barbosa and M. G. Kivelson (1992)
Science 257, 1487-1489
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Imaging Obsearvations of Jupiter's Sodium Magneto-Nebula During the Ulysses Encounter.
M. Mendillo, B. Flynn, and J. Baumgardner (1992)
Science 257, 1510-1512
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The Hot Plasma Environment at Jupiter: Ulysses Results.
L. J. Lanzerotti, T. P. Armstrong, R. E. Gold, K. A. Anderson, S. M. Krimigis, R. P. Lin, M. Pick, E. C. Roelof, E. T. Sarris, G. M. Simnett, et al. (1992)
Science 257, 1518-1524
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Ulysses Radio and Plasma Wave Observations in the Jupiter Environment.
R. G. Stone, B. M. Pedersen, C. C. Harvey, P. Canu, N. Cornilleau-Wehrlin, M. D. Desch, C. de Villedary, J. Fainberg, W. M. Farrell, K. Goetz, et al. (1992)
Science 257, 1524-1531
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Jupiter's Magnetosphere: Plasma Description from the Ulysses Flyby.
S. J. Bame, B. L. Barraclough, W. C. Feldman, G. R. Gisler, J. T. Gosling, D. J. McComas, J. L. Phillips, M. F. Thomsen, B. E. Goldstein, and M. Neugebauer (1992)
Science 257, 1539-1543
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Ulysses dust measurements near Jupiter.
E Grun, H. Zook, M Baguhl, H Fechtig, M. Hanner, J Kissel, B. Lindblad, D Linkert, G Linkert, I. Mann, et al. (1992)
Science 257, 1550-1552
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An Overview of Energetic Particle Measurements in the Jovian Magnetosphere with the EPAC Sensor on Ulysses.
E. Keppler, J. B. Blake, M. Franz, A. Korth, N. Krupp, J. J. Quenby, M. Witte, and J. Woch (1992)
Science 257, 1553-1557
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