Science 24 July 1992: Vol. 257. no. 5069, pp. 539 - 542 DOI: 10.1126/science.1636090

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gp63 in Stable Cationic Liposomes Confers Sustained Vaccine Immunity to Susceptible BALB/c Mice Infected with Leishmania donovani.

S. Bhowmick, R. Ravindran, and N. Ali (2008)
Infect. Immun. 76, 1003-1015
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Priming of CD4+ T cells with porin of Shigella dysenteriae activates the cells toward type 1 polarization.

A. Biswas, P. Banerjee, and T. Biswas (2008)
Int. Immunol. 20, 81-88
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

LIGHT Is Critical for IL-12 Production by Dendritic Cells, Optimal CD4+ Th1 Cell Response, and Resistance to Leishmania major.

G. Xu, D. Liu, I. Okwor, Y. Wang, H. Korner, S. K. P. Kung, Y.-X. Fu, and J. E. Uzonna (2007)
J. Immunol. 179, 6901-6909
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In vivo studies on the antileishmanial activity of buparvaquone and its prodrugs.

T. Garnier, A. Mantyla, T. Jarvinen, J. Lawrence, M. Brown, and S. Croft (2007)
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 60, 802-810
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Low Maternal Viral Loads and Reduced Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Levels Characterize Exposed, Uninfected Infants Who Develop Protective Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Specific Responses.

D. B. Schramm, S. Meddows-Taylor, G. E. Gray, L. Kuhn, and C. T. Tiemessen (2007)
Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 14, 348-354
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Heat-killed BCG induces biphasic cyclooxygenase 2+ splenic macrophage formation--role of IL-10 and bone marrow precursors.

Y. Shibata, J. Gabbard, M. Yamashita, S. Tsuji, M. Smith, A. Nishiyama, R. A. Henriksen, and Q. N. Myrvik (2006)
J. Leukoc. Biol. 80, 590-598
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Immunological dysfunction, vaccination and Gulf War illness.

M. Peakman, A. Skowera, and M. Hotopf (2006)
Phil Trans R Soc B 361, 681-687
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Splenic PGE2-releasing macrophages regulate Th1 and Th2 immune responses in mice treated with heat-killed BCG.

Y. Shibata, R. A. Henriksen, I. Honda, R. M. Nakamura, and Q. N. Myrvik (2005)
J. Leukoc. Biol. 78, 1281-1290
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Genetic background influences immune responses and disease outcome of cutaneous L. mexicana infection in mice.

L. E. Rosas, T. Keiser, J. Barbi, A. A. Satoskar, A. Septer, J. Kaczmarek, C. M. Lezama-Davila, and A. R. Satoskar (2005)
Int. Immunol. 17, 1347-1357
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Low Dose Leishmania major Promotes a Transient T Helper Cell Type 2 Response That Is Down-regulated by Interferon {gamma}-producing CD8+ T Cells.

J. E. Uzonna, K. L. Joyce, and P. Scott (2004)
J. Exp. Med. 199, 1559-1566
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Vaccination with Phosphoglycan-Deficient Leishmania major Protects Highly Susceptible Mice from Virulent Challenge without Inducing a Strong Th1 Response.

J. E. Uzonna, G. F. Spath, S. M. Beverley, and P. Scott (2004)
J. Immunol. 172, 3793-3797
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The Site of Leishmania major Infection Determines Disease Severity and Immune Responses.

T. M. Baldwin, C. Elso, J. Curtis, L. Buckingham, and E. Handman (2003)
Infect. Immun. 71, 6830-6834
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Coinjection with CpG-Containing Immunostimulatory Oligodeoxynucleotides Reduces the Pathogenicity of a Live Vaccine against Cutaneous Leishmaniasis but Maintains Its Potency and Durability.

S. Mendez, K. Tabbara, Y. Belkaid, S. Bertholet, D. Verthelyi, D. Klinman, R. A. Seder, and D. L. Sacks (2003)
Infect. Immun. 71, 5121-5129
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Impaired Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines at Early Stages of Infection with Leishmania amazonensis.

J. Ji, J. Sun, and L. Soong (2003)
Infect. Immun. 71, 4278-4288
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Interleukin 1{alpha} Promotes Th1 Differentiation and Inhibits Disease Progression in Leishmania major-susceptible BALB/c Mice.

E. von Stebut, J. M. Ehrchen, Y. Belkaid, S. L. Kostka, K. Molle, J. Knop, C. Sunderkotter, and M. C. Udey (2003)
J. Exp. Med. 198, 191-199
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Specific antibody immune response against the parasitic portion of a glutathione-S-transferase fusion protein.

A. LOPEZ-MONTEON, A. RAMOS-LIGONIO, L. PEREZ-CASTILLO, P. TALAMAS-ROHANA, and J. L. ROSALES-ENCINA (2003)
FASEB J 17, 621-627
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

CD40-CD40 Ligand Costimulation Is Not Required for Initiation and Maintenance of a Th1-Type Response to Leishmania major Infection.

U. M. Padigel and J. P. Farrell (2003)
Infect. Immun. 71, 1389-1395
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Dynamics of Gamma Interferon, Interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-10, and Transforming Growth Factor {beta} mRNA Expression in Primary Mycobacterium bovis BCG Infection in Guinea Pigs Measured by a Real-Time Fluorogenic Reverse Transcription-PCR Assay.

M. Kawahara, T. Nakasone, and M. Honda (2002)
Infect. Immun. 70, 6614-6620
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Characterization of Leishmania donovani Antigens Encapsulated in Liposomes That Induce Protective Immunity in BALB/c Mice.

F. Afrin, R. Rajesh, K. Anam, M. Gopinath, S. Pal, and N. Ali (2002)
Infect. Immun. 70, 6697-6706
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Evidence That Glycoprotein 96 (B2), a Stress Protein, Functions as a Th2-Specific Costimulatory Molecule.

P. P. Banerjee, D. S. Vinay, A. Mathew, M. Raje, V. Parekh, D. V. R. Prasad, A. Kumar, D. Mitra, and G. C. Mishra (2002)
J. Immunol. 169, 3507-3518
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Novel Role of CD8+ T Cells and Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Genes in the Generation of Protective CD4+ Th1 Responses during Retrovirus Infection in Mice.

K. E. Peterson, I. Stromnes, R. Messer, K. Hasenkrug, and B. Chesebro (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 7942-7948
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Preferential Th1 Immune Response in Invariant Chain-Deficient Mice.

I. Topilski, A. Harmelin, R. A. Flavell, Y. Levo, and I. Shachar (2002)
J. Immunol. 168, 1610-1617
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Influence of Parasite Load on the Ability of Type 1 T Cells To Control Leishmania major Infection.

B. Hondowicz and P. Scott (2002)
Infect. Immun. 70, 498-503
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

CD28 Costimulation and Parasite Dose Combine to Influence the Susceptibility of BALB/c Mice to Infection with Leishmania major.

H. L. Compton and J. P. Farrell (2002)
J. Immunol. 168, 1302-1308
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Immune Elimination of Leishmania major in Mice: Implications for Immune Memory, Vaccination, and Reactivation Disease.

J. E. Uzonna, G. Wei, D. Yurkowski, and P. Bretscher (2001)
J. Immunol. 167, 6967-6974
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A central role for IL-2 in fate determination of mature T cells--I: role in determining the Th1/Th2 profile in primary T cell cultures.

K. Raju, B. A. Rabinovich, L. G. Radvanyi, D. Spaner, and R. G. Miller (2001)
Int. Immunol. 13, 1453-1459
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Gene Microarrays Reveal Extensive Differential Gene Expression in Both CD4+ and CD8+ Type 1 and Type 2 T Cells.

T. Chtanova, R. A. Kemp, A. P. R. Sutherland, F. Ronchese, and C. R. Mackay (2001)
J. Immunol. 167, 3057-3063
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Effect of Low-Dose Antigen Exposure on Development of Immunity to Helicobacter pylori Infection in Mice.

F. J. Radcliff and R. L. Ferrero (2001)
Infect. Immun. 69, 5186-5188
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Inhibition of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II-Dependent Antigen Presentation by Neutralization of Gamma Interferon Leads to Breakdown of Resistance against Measles Virus-Induced Encephalitis.

G. Weidinger, G. Henning, V. ter Meulen, and S. Niewiesk (2001)
J. Virol. 75, 3059-3065
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »

M. tuberculosis: immunology and vaccination.

G.A.W. Rook, G. Seah, and A. Ustianowski (2001)
Eur. Respir. J. 17, 537-557
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Pretreatment with Recombinant Flt3 Ligand Partially Protects against Progressive Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Susceptible BALB/c Mice.

I. B. Kremer, M. P. Gould, K. D. Cooper, and F. P. Heinzel (2001)
Infect. Immun. 69, 673-680
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Protective Immunity Against the Protozoan Leishmania chagasi Is Induced by Subclinical Cutaneous Infection with Virulent But Not Avirulent Organisms.

J. A. Streit, T. J. Recker, F. G. Filho, S. M. Beverley, and M. E. Wilson (2001)
J. Immunol. 166, 1921-1929
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Evolution of Lesion Formation, Parasitic Load, Immune Response, and Reservoir Potential in C57BL/6 Mice following High- and Low-Dose Challenge with Leishmania major.

R. Lira, M. Doherty, G. Modi, and D. Sacks (2000)
Infect. Immun. 68, 5176-5182
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Beryllium, an Adjuvant That Promotes Gamma Interferon Production.

J. Y. Lee, O. Atochina, B. King, L. Taylor, M. Elloso, P. Scott, and M. D. Rossman (2000)
Infect. Immun. 68, 4032-4039
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Repeated Intratracheal Challenge with Particulate Antigen Modulates Murine Lung Cytokines ,2.

J. Todt, J. Sonstein, T. Polak, G. D. Seitzman, B. Hu, and J. L. Curtis (2000)
J. Immunol. 164, 4037-4047
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Differential Decline in Leishmania Membrane Antigen-Specific Immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgE, and IgG Subclass Antibodies in Indian Kala-Azar Patients after Chemotherapy.

K. Anam, F. Afrin, D. Banerjee, N. Pramanik, S. K. Guha, R. P. Goswami, S. K. Saha, and N. Ali (1999)
Infect. Immun. 67, 6663-6669
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Altering the Cellular Location of an Antigen Expressed by a DNA-Based Vaccine Modulates the Immune Response.

P. J. Lewis, S. van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk, and L. A. Babiuk (1999)
J. Virol. 73, 10214-10223
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »

Selective Up-Regulation of Phosphatidylinositol 3'-Kinase Activity in Th2 Cells Inhibits Caspase-8 Cleavage at the Death-Inducing Complex: A Mechanism for Th2 Resistance from Fas-Mediated Apoptosis.

A. S. Varadhachary, M. E. Peter, S. N. Perdow, P. H. Krammer, and P. Salgame (1999)
J. Immunol. 163, 4772-4779
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Immunostimulatory DNA as an Adjuvant in Vaccination against Leishmania major.

K. J. Stacey and J. M. Blackwell (1999)
Infect. Immun. 67, 3719-3726
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Induction of Th-1 and Th-2 Responses by Respiratory Syncytial Virus Attachment Glycoprotein Is Epitope and Major Histocompatibility Complex Independent.

A. Srikiatkhachorn, W. Chang, and T. J. Braciale (1999)
J. Virol. 73, 6590-6597
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »

Peptide Dose, Affinity, and Time of Differentiation Can Contribute to the Th1/Th2 Cytokine Balance.

P. R. Rogers and M. Croft (1999)
J. Immunol. 163, 1205-1213
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Presence of Effector CD8+ T Cells in Hepatitis C Virus-Exposed Healthy Seronegative Donors.

P. Scognamiglio, D. Accapezzato, M. A. Casciaro, A. Cacciani, M. Artini, G. Bruno, M. L. Chircu, J. Sidney, S. Southwood, S. Abrignani, et al. (1999)
J. Immunol. 162, 6681-6689
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Interleukin-10 and Antigen-Presenting Cells Actively Suppress Th1 Cells in BALB/c Mice Infected with the Filarial Parasite Brugia pahangi.

J. Osborne and E. Devaney (1999)
Infect. Immun. 67, 1599-1605
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Immunoglobulin Subclass Distribution and Diagnostic Value of Leishmania donovani Antigen-Specific Immunoglobulin G3 in Indian Kala-Azar Patients.

K. Anam, F. Afrin, D. Banerjee, N. Pramanik, S. K. Guha, R. P. Goswami, P. N. Gupta, S. K. Saha, and N. Ali (1999)
Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 6, 231-235
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

T Cell Epitopes of a Lipocalin Allergen Colocalize with the Conserved Regions of the Molecule.

T. Zeiler, R. Mantyjarvi, J. Rautiainen, M. Rytkonen-Nissinen, P. Vilja, A. Taivainen, J. Kauppinen, and T. Virtanen (1999)
J. Immunol. 162, 1415-1422
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Molecular Basis of T-cell Differentiation.

R.A. FLAVELL, B. LI, C. DONG, H.-T. LU, D. D. YANG, H. ENSLEN, C. TOURNIER, A. WHITMARSH, M. WYSK, D. CONZE, et al. (1999)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 64, 563-572
 |  Abstract »  |  PDF »

Mycobacterial Dose Defines the Th1/Th2 Nature of the Immune Response Independently of Whether Immunization Is Administered by the Intravenous, Subcutaneous, or Intradermal Route.

C. A. Power, G. Wei, and P. A. Bretscher (1998)
Infect. Immun. 66, 5743-5750
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Development of a Natural Model of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Powerful Effects of Vector Saliva and Saliva Preexposure on the Long-Term Outcome of Leishmania major Infection in the Mouse Ear Dermis.

Y. Belkaid, S. Kamhawi, G. Modi, J. Valenzuela, N. Noben-Trauth, E. Rowton, J. Ribeiro, and D. L. Sacks (1998)
J. Exp. Med. 188, 1941-1953
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

The Role of the CD40 Pathway in Alloantigen-Induced Hyporesponsiveness In Vivo.

M. Niimi, T. C. Pearson, C. P. Larsen, D. Z. Alexander, D. Hollenbaugh, A. Aruffo, P. S. Linsley, E. Thomas, K. Campbell, W. C. Fanslow, et al. (1998)
J. Immunol. 161, 5331-5337
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Pulmonary Bovine-Type Tuberculosis in Rabbits: Bacillary Virulence, Inhaled Dose Effects, Tuberculin Sensitivity, and Mycobacterium vaccae Immunotherapy.

P. J. Converse, A. M. Dannenberg Jr., T. Shigenaga, D. N. McMurray, S. W. Phalen, J. L. Stanford, G. A. W. Rook, T. Koru-Sengul, H. Abbey, J. E. Estep, et al. (1998)
Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 5, 871-881
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »

High Antigen Density and IL-2 Are Required for Generation of CD4 Effectors Secreting Th1 Rather Than Th0 Cytokines.

P. R. Rogers, G. Huston, and S. L. Swain (1998)
J. Immunol. 161, 3844-3852
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Long-Term CD4 Th1 and Th2 Memory following Acute Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infection.

J. K. Whitmire, M. S. Asano, K. Murali-Krishna, M. Suresh, and R. Ahmed (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 8281-8288
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Th2-Type CD4+ Cells Neither Enhance nor Suppress Antitumor CTL Activity in a Mouse Tumor Model.

G. J. P. Fernando, T. J. Stewart, R. W. Tindle, and I. H. Frazer (1998)
J. Immunol. 161, 2421-2427
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Subcellular Site of Expression and Route of Vaccination Influence Pulmonary Eosinophilia Following Respiratory Syncytial Virus Challenge in BALB/c Mice Sensitized to the Attachment G Protein.

G. P. Bembridge, R. Garcia-Beato, J. A. Lopez, J. A. Melero, and G. Taylor (1998)
J. Immunol. 161, 2473-2480
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

IL-12 Modulates Expression of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis.

G. Gudmundsson, M. M. Monick, and G. W. Hunninghake (1998)
J. Immunol. 161, 991-999
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Relationships Among TCR Ligand Potency, Thresholds for Effector Function Elicitation, and the Quality of Early Signaling Events in Human T Cells.

B. Hemmer, I. Stefanova, M. Vergelli, R. N. Germain, and R. Martin (1998)
J. Immunol. 160, 5807-5814
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Genetic Control of Immune Response to Recombinant Antigens Carried by an Attenuated Salmonella typhimurium Vaccine Strain: Nramp1 Influences T-Helper Subset Responses and Protection against Leishmanial Challenge.

S.-S. Soo, B. Villarreal-Ramos, C. M. A. Khan, C. E. Hormaeche, and J. M. Blackwell (1998)
Infect. Immun. 66, 1910-1917
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Newborn Mice Develop Balanced Th1/Th2 Primary Effector Responses In Vivo But Are Biased to Th2 Secondary Responses.

B. Adkins and R.-Q. Du (1998)
J. Immunol. 160, 4217-4224
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Single Cell Analysis Reveals Regulated Hierarchical T Cell Antigen Receptor Signaling Thresholds and Intraclonal Heterogeneity for Individual Cytokine Responses of CD4+ T Cells.

Y. Itoh and R. N. Germain (1997)
J. Exp. Med. 186, 757-766
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Virus-specific CD8+ T Lymphocytes Downregulate T Helper Cell Type 2 Cytokine Secretion and Pulmonary Eosinophilia during Experimental Murine Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.

A. Srikiatkhachorn and T. J. Braciale (1997)
J. Exp. Med. 186, 421-432
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Unequal Death in T Helper Cell (Th)1 and Th2 Effectors: Th1, but not Th2, Effectors Undergo Rapid Fas/FasL-mediated Apoptosis.

X. Zhang, T. Brunner, L. Carter, R. W. Dutton, P. Rogers, L. Bradley, T. Sato, J. C. Reed, D. Green, and S. L. Swain (1997)
J. Exp. Med. 185, 1837-1849
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Behavior of Visceral Leishmania donovani in an Experimentally Induced T Helper Cell 2 (Th2)-Associated Response Model.

H. W. Murray, J. Hariprashad, and R. L. Coffman (1997)
J. Exp. Med. 185, 867-874
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Induction of Apoptosis and T Helper 2 (Th2) Responses Correlates with Peptide Affinity for the Major Histocompatibility Complex in Self-reactive T Cell Receptor Transgenic Mice.

C.I. Pearson, W. van Ewijk, and H.O. McDevitt (1997)
J. Exp. Med. 185, 583-600
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Interleukin (IL)-6 Directs the Differentiation of IL-4-producing CD4+ T Cells.

M. Rincon, J. Anguita, T. Nakamura, E. Fikrig, and R. A. Flavell (1997)
J. Exp. Med. 185, 461-470
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

HIV-Specific T-Helper Activity in Seronegative Health Care Workers Exposed to Contaminated Blood.

M. Clerici, J. M. Levin, H. A. Kessler, A. Harris, J. A. Berzofsky, A. L. Landay, and G. M. Shearer (1994)
JAMA 271, 42-46
 |  Abstract »  |  PDF »

Response.

J. Salk, P. A. Bretscher, P. L. Salk, M. Clerici, and G. M. Shearer (1993)
Science 262, 1075-1076
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A strategy for prophylactic vaccination against HIV.

J Salk, P. Bretscher, P. Salk, M Clerici, and G. Shearer (1993)
Science 260, 1270-1272
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Identifying strategies for immune intervention.

A Lanzavecchia (1993)
Science 260, 937-944
 |  Abstract »  |  PDF »

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