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Science 15 May 1992:
Vol. 256. no. 5059, pp. 998 - 1000
DOI: 10.1126/science.10744524
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Articles

Science, Vol 256, Issue 5059, 998-1000
Copyright © 1992 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Depolarization of alfalfa root hair membrane potential by Rhizobium meliloti Nod factors

DW Ehrhardt, EM Atkinson, and Long SR

Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, USA.

Although much is known about the bacterial genetics of early nodulation, little is known about the plant cell response. Alfalfa root hair cells were impaled with intracellular microelectrodes to measure a membrane potential depolarizing activity in Rhizobium meliloti cell-free filtrates, a plant response dependent on the bacterial nodulation genes. The depolarization was desensitized by repeated exposure to factors and was not observed in a representative nonlegume. A purified extracellular Nod factor, NodRm-IV(S), caused membrane potential depolarization at nanomolar concentrations. This rapid single-cell assay provides a tool for dissecting the mechanisms of host cell response in early nodulation.


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   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
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   Abstract »    Full Text »
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H. Volpin and D. A. Phillips (1998)
Plant Physiology 116, 777-783
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Nod factor internalization and microtubular cytoskeleton changes occur concomitantly during nodule differentiation in alfalfa.
A. Timmers, M. Auriac, F de Billy, and G Truchet (1998)
Development 125, 339-349
   Abstract »    PDF »
Expression of early nodulin genes in alfalfa mycorrhizae indicates that signal transduction pathways used in forming arbuscular mycorrhizae and Rhizobium-induced nodules may be conserved.
P. van Rhijn, Y. Fang, S. Galili, O. Shaul, N. Atzmon, S. Wininger, Y. Eshed, M. Lum, Y. Li, V. To, et al. (1997)
PNAS 94, 5467-5472
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Wild Type Rhizobium etli, a Bean Symbiont, Produces Acetyl-fucosylated, N-Methylated, and Carbamoylated Nodulation Factors.
Rém. Poupot, E.ér. Martinez-Romero, N. Gautier, and J.-C. Promé (1995)
J. Biol. Chem. 270, 6050-6055
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Rhizobium meliloti groELc locus is required for regulation of early nod genes by the transcription activator NodD..
J Ogawa and S R Long (1995)
Genes & Dev. 9, 714-729
   Abstract »    PDF »
Galactosides in the rhizosphere: Utilization by Sinorhizobium meliloti and development of a biosensor.
R. M. Bringhurst, Z. G. Cardon, and D. J. Gage (2001)
PNAS 98, 4540-4545
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genetic analysis of calcium spiking responses in nodulation mutants of Medicago truncatula.
R. J. Wais, C. Galera, G. Oldroyd, R. Catoira, R. V. Penmetsa, D. Cook, C. Gough, J. Denarie, and S. R. Long (2000)
PNAS 97, 13407-13412
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dissection of nodulation signaling using pea mutants defective for calcium spiking induced by Nod factors and chitin oligomers.
S. A. Walker, V. Viprey, and J. A. Downie (2000)
PNAS 97, 13413-13418
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


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