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Science 13 March 1992:
Vol. 255. no. 5050, pp. 1391 - 1397
DOI: 10.1126/science.255.5050.1391
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Articles

Water in Earth's Mantle: The Role of Nominally Anhydrous Minerals

DAVID R. BELL 1 and GEORGE R. ROSSMAN 1

1 Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125

Most minerals of Earth's upper mantle contain small amounts of hydrogen, structurally bound as hydroxyl (OH). The OH concentration in each mineral species is variable, in some cases reflecting the geological environment of mineral formation. Of the major mantle minerals, pyroxenes are the most hydrous, typically containing sim200 to 500 parts per million H2O by weight, and probably dominate the water budget and hydrogen geochemistry of mantle rocks that do not contain a hydrous phase. Garnets and olivines commonly contain sim1 to 50 parts per million. Nominally anhydrous minerals constitute a significant reservoir for mantle hydrogen, possibly accommodating all water in the depleted mantle and providing a possible mechanism to recycle water from Earth's surface into the deep mantle.


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H. Jung and S.-i. Karato (2001)
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R. M. Hazen, M. B. Weinberger, H. Yang, and C. T. Prewitt (2000)
American Mineralogist 85, 770-777
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High-pressure crystal chemistry of Fe3+-wadsleyite, {beta}-Fe2.33Si0.67O4.
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American Mineralogist 85, 778-783
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Single-crystal IR- and UV/VIS-spectroscopic measurements on transition-metal-bearing pyrope: the incorporation of hydroxide in garnet.
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B. J. Wood and B. J. Wood (1995)
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