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Science 13 December 1991:
Vol. 254. no. 5038, pp. 1647 - 1651
DOI: 10.1126/science.1661029
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Articles

Science, Vol 254, Issue 5038, 1647-1651
Copyright © 1991 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Cell-free, de novo synthesis of poliovirus

A Molla, AV Paul, and E Wimmer

Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794.

Cell-free translation of poliovirus RNA in an extract of uninfected human (HeLa) cells yielded viral proteins through proteolysis of the polyprotein. In the extract, newly synthesized proteins catalyzed poliovirus-specific RNA synthesis, and formed infectious poliovirus de novo. Newly formed virions were neutralized by type-specific antiserum, and infection of human cells with them was prevented by poliovirus receptor-specific antibodies. Poliovirus synthesis was increased nearly 70-fold when nucleoside triphosphates were added, but it was abolished in the presence of inhibitors of translation or viral genome replication. The ability to conduct cell-free synthesis of poliovirus will aid in the study of picornavirus proliferation and in the search for the control of picornaviral disease.


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Viability of Poliovirus/Rhinovirus VPg Chimeric Viruses and Identification of an Amino Acid Residue in the VPg Gene Critical for Viral RNA Replication.
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J. Virol. 77, 7434-7443
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cell-Free Synthesis of Encephalomyocarditis Virus.
Y. V. Svitkin and N. Sonenberg (2003)
J. Virol. 77, 6551-6555
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Functional Dissection of a Poliovirus cis-Acting Replication Element [PV-cre(2C)]: Analysis of Single- and Dual-cre Viral Genomes and Proteins That Bind Specifically to PV-cre RNA.
J. Yin, A. V. Paul, E. Wimmer, and E. Rieder (2003)
J. Virol. 77, 5152-5166
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Poliovirus CRE-Dependent VPg Uridylylation Is Required for Positive-Strand RNA Synthesis but Not for Negative-Strand RNA Synthesis.
K. E. Murray and D. J. Barton (2003)
J. Virol. 77, 4739-4750
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Biochemical and Genetic Studies of the VPg Uridylylation Reaction Catalyzed by the RNA Polymerase of Poliovirus.
A. V. Paul, J. Peters, J. Mugavero, J. Yin, J. H. van Boom, and E. Wimmer (2003)
J. Virol. 77, 891-904
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cell-Free Replication of the Hepatitis C Virus Subgenomic Replicon.
N. Ali, K. D. Tardif, and A. Siddiqui (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 12001-12007
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Distinct Poly(rC) Binding Protein KH Domain Determinants for Poliovirus Translation Initiation and Viral RNA Replication.
B. L. Walter, T. B. Parsley, E. Ehrenfeld, and B. L. Semler (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 12008-12022
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Replication of a hepatitis A virus replicon detected by genetic recombination in vivo.
V. Gauss-Muller and Y. Y. Kusov (2002)
J. Gen. Virol. 83, 2183-2192
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Isolation of Enzymatically Active Replication Complexes from Feline Calicivirus-Infected Cells.
K. Y. Green, A. Mory, M. H. Fogg, A. Weisberg, G. Belliot, M. Wagner, T. Mitra, E. Ehrenfeld, C. E. Cameron, and S. V. Sosnovtsev (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 8582-8595
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Chemical Synthesis of Poliovirus cDNA: Generation of Infectious Virus in the Absence of Natural Template.
J. Cello, A. V. Paul, and E. Wimmer (2002)
Science 297, 1016-1018
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Sequences in the 5' Nontranslated Region of Hepatitis C Virus Required for RNA Replication.
P. Friebe, V. Lohmann, N. Krieger, and R. Bartenschlager (2001)
J. Virol. 75, 12047-12057
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Poliovirus 5'-Terminal Cloverleaf RNA Is Required in cis for VPg Uridylylation and the Initiation of Negative-Strand RNA Synthesis.
T. Lyons, K. E. Murray, A. W. Roberts, and D. J. Barton (2001)
J. Virol. 75, 10696-10708
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Biochemical and Genetic Studies of the Initiation of Human Rhinovirus 2 RNA Replication: Identification of a cis-Replicating Element in the Coding Sequence of 2Apro.
K. Gerber, E. Wimmer, and A. V. Paul (2001)
J. Virol. 75, 10979-10990
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
De Novo Synthesis of RNA by the Dengue Virus RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase Exhibits Temperature Dependence at the Initiation but Not Elongation Phase.
M. Ackermann and R. Padmanabhan (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 39926-39937
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genetic Analysis of a Poliovirus/Hepatitis C Virus Chimera: New Structure for Domain II of the Internal Ribosomal Entry Site of Hepatitis C Virus.
W. D. Zhao and E. Wimmer (2001)
J. Virol. 75, 3719-3730
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Polypeptide p41 of a Norwalk-Like Virus Is a Nucleic Acid-Independent Nucleoside Triphosphatase.
T. Pfister and E. Wimmer (2001)
J. Virol. 75, 1611-1619
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The C-terminal residues of poliovirus proteinase 2Apro are critical for viral RNA replication but not for cis- or trans-proteolytic cleavage.
X. Li, H.-H. Lu, S. Mueller, and E. Wimmer (2001)
J. Gen. Virol. 82, 397-408
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Translation and Replication of Human Rhinovirus Type 14 and Mengovirus in Xenopus Oocytes.
A. V. Gamarnik, N. Boddeker, and R. Andino (2000)
J. Virol. 74, 11983-11987
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of an RNA Hairpin in Poliovirus RNA That Serves as the Primary Template in the In Vitro Uridylylation of VPg.
A. V. Paul, E. Rieder, D. W. Kim, J. H. van Boom, and E. Wimmer (2000)
J. Virol. 74, 10359-10370
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genetic and Biochemical Studies of Poliovirus cis-Acting Replication Element cre in Relation to VPg Uridylylation.
E. Rieder, A. V. Paul, D. W. Kim, J. H. van Boom, and E. Wimmer (2000)
J. Virol. 74, 10371-10380
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cell-free synthesis of poliovirus: 14S subunits are the key intermediates in the encapsidation of poliovirus RNA.
Y. Verlinden, A. Cuconati, E. Wimmer, and B. Rombaut (2000)
J. Gen. Virol. 81, 2751-2754
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Poliovirus Requires a Precise 5' End for Efficient Positive-Strand RNA Synthesis.
J. Herold and R. Andino (2000)
J. Virol. 74, 6394-6400
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Stem-Loop Motif Formed by the Immediate 5' Terminus of the Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Genome Modulates Translation as well as Replication of the Viral RNA.
H. Yu, O. Isken, C. W. Grassmann, and S.-E. Behrens (2000)
J. Virol. 74, 5825-5835
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genetic Analysis of a Poliovirus/Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Chimera: Interaction between the Poliovirus Cloverleaf and a Sequence in the HCV 5' Nontranslated Region Results in a Replication Phenotype.
W. D. Zhao, F. C. Lahser, and E. Wimmer (2000)
J. Virol. 74, 6223-6226
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Translating Ribosomes Inhibit Poliovirus Negative-Strand RNA Synthesis.
D. J. Barton, B. J. Morasco, and J. B. Flanegan (1999)
J. Virol. 73, 10104-10112
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   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Assignment of the Multifunctional NS3 Protein of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus during RNA Replication: an In Vivo and In Vitro Study.
C. W. Grassmann, O. Isken, and S.-E. Behrens (1999)
J. Virol. 73, 9196-9205
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Regulation of eukaryotic protein synthesis: Selective influenza viral mRNA translation is mediated by the cellular RNA-binding protein GRSF-1.
Y. W. Park, J. Wilusz, and M. G. Katze (1999)
PNAS 96, 6694-6699
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of the Nucleoside Triphosphatase Activity of Poliovirus Protein 2C Reveals a Mechanism by Which Guanidine Inhibits Poliovirus Replication.
T. Pfister and E. Wimmer (1999)
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   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Poliovirus/Hepatitis C Virus (Internal Ribosomal Entry Site-Core) Chimeric Viruses: Improved Growth Properties through Modification of a Proteolytic Cleavage Site and Requirement for Core RNA Sequences but Not for Core-Related Polypeptides.
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J. Virol. 73, 1546-1554
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Coupling between Replication and Packaging of Poliovirus Replicon RNA.
C. I. Nugent, K. L. Johnson, P. Sarnow, and K. Kirkegaard (1999)
J. Virol. 73, 427-435
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Intracellular Localization of Poliovirus Plus- and Minus-Strand RNA Visualized by Strand-Specific Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization.
R. Bolten, D. Egger, R. Gosert, G. Schaub, L. Landmann, and K. Bienz (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 8578-8585
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
rRNA complementarity within mRNAs: A possible basis for mRNA-ribosome interactions and translational control.
P. Tranque, M. C.-Y. Hu, G. M. Edelman, and V. P. Mauro (1998)
PNAS 95, 12238-12243
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Brefeldin A Inhibits Cell-Free, De Novo Synthesis of Poliovirus.
A. Cuconati, A. Molla, and E. Wimmer (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 6456-6464
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Viral Ribonucleoprotein Complex Formation and Nucleolar-Cytoplasmic Relocalization of Nucleolin in Poliovirus-Infected Cells.
S. Waggoner and P. Sarnow (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 6699-6709
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Switch from translation to RNA replication in a positive-stranded RNA virus.
A. V. Gamarnik and R. Andino (1998)
Genes & Dev. 12, 2293-2304
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Coding Sequences Enhance Internal Initiation of Translation by Hepatitis A Virus RNA In Vitro.
J. Graff and E. Ehrenfeld (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 3571-3577
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In Vitro Packaging of Adeno-Associated Virus DNA.
X. Zhou and N. Muzyczka (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 3241-3247
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A Protein Linkage Map of the P2 Nonstructural Proteins of Poliovirus.
A. Cuconati, W. Xiang, F. Lahser, T. Pfister, and E. Wimmer (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 1297-1307
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Genetic recombination of poliovirus in a cell-free system.
R. Duggal, A. Cuconati, M. Gromeier, and E. Wimmer (1997)
PNAS 94, 13786-13791
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The Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a Genetic System for Obtaining Variants of Poliovirus Protease 2A.
A. Barco, I. Ventoso, and L. Carrasco (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 12683-12691
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A Multistep, ATP-dependent Pathway for Assembly of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Capsids in a Cell-free System.
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J. Cell Biol. 136, 567-581
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A Role for 3AB Protein in Poliovirus Genome Replication.
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Cap-Poly(A) Synergy in Mammalian Cell-free Extracts. INVESTIGATION OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR POLY(A)-MEDIATED STIMULATION OF TRANSLATION INITIATION.
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