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Science 15 March 1991:
Vol. 251. no. 4999, pp. 1318 - 1323
DOI: 10.1126/science.251.4999.1318
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Articles
Fuel Ethanol from Cellulosic Biomass
LEE R. LYND 1,
JANET H. CUSHMAN 2,
ROBERTA J. NICHOLS 3, and
CHARLES E. WYMAN 4
1 Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755
2 Biofuels Feedstock Development Program Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
3 Environmental and Safety Engineering Staff, Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI 48121
4 Biotechnology Research Branch, Solar Energy Research Institute, Golden, CO 80401
Ethanol produced from cellulosic biomass is examined as a large-scale transportation fuel. Desirable features include ethanol's fuel properties as well as benefits with respect to urban air quality, global climate change, balance of trade, and energy security. Energy balance, feedstock supply, and environmental impact considerations are not seen as significant barriers to the widespread use of fuel ethanol derived from cellulosic biomass. Conversion economics is the key obstacle to be overcome. In light of past progress and future prospects for research-driven improvements, a cost-competitive process appears possible in a decade.
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