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Science 18 January 1991:
Vol. 251. no. 4991, pp. 313 - 316
DOI: 10.1126/science.1846244

Articles

Science, Vol 251, Issue 4991, 313-316
Copyright © 1991 by American Association for the Advancement of Science


articles

Regulation of interleukin-2 gene enhancer activity by the T cell accessory molecule CD28

JD Fraser, BA Irving, GR Crabtree, and A Weiss

Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco 94143.

The mechanism by which cell surface molecules regulate T cell production of lymphokines is poorly understood. Production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) can be regulated by signal transduction pathways distinct from those induced by the T cell antigen receptor. Stimulation of CD28, a molecule expressed on most human T cells, induced the formation of a protein complex that bound to a site on the IL-2 gene distinct from previously described binding sites and increased IL-2 enhancer activity fivefold. The CD28-responsive complex bound to the IL-2 gene between -164 and -154 base pairs from the transcription start site. The sequence of this element is similar to regions conserved in the 5' flanking regions of several other lymphokine genes.


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J. D. Alvarez, D. H. Yasui, H. Niida, T. Joh, D. Y. Loh, and T. Kohwi-Shigematsu (2000)
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C. Shang, J. Attema, D. Cakouros, P. N. Cockerill, and M. F. Shannon (1999)
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Functional Disparity of Distinct CD28 Response Elements toward Mitogenic Responses.
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Primary Human CD4+ T Cells Contain Heterogeneous I{kappa}B Kinase Complexes: Role in Activation of the IL-2 Promoter.
A. Khoshnan, S. J. Kempiak, B. L. Bennett, D. Bae, W. Xu, A. M. Manning, C. H. June, and A. E. Nel (1999)
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Death by neglect as a deletional mechanism of peripheral tolerance.
P. Bertolino, M.-C. Trescol-Biemont, J. Thomas, B. F. de St Groth, M. Pihlgren, J. Marvel, and C. Rabourdin-Combe (1999)
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CD28-Mediated Regulation of mRNA Stability Requires Sequences Within the Coding Region of the IL-2 mRNA.
J. A. Ragheb, M. Deen, and R. H. Schwartz (1999)
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C. Barz, T. Nagel, K. E. Truitt, and J. B. Imboden (1998)
J. Immunol. 161, 5366-5372
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ikappa B Kinases Serve as a Target of CD28 Signaling.
E. W. Harhaj and S.-C. Sun (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 25185-25190
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A p56lck-independent Pathway of CD2 Signaling Involves Jun Kinase.
R. Sunder-Plassmann and E. L. Reinherz (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 24249-24257
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Stress-Induced Fas Ligand Expression in T Cells Is Mediated through a MEK Kinase 1-Regulated Response Element in the Fas Ligand Promoter.
M. Faris, K. M. Latinis, S. J. Kempiak, G. A. Koretzky, and A. Nel (1998)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 18, 5414-5424
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Human Endothelial Cells Effectively Costimulate Cytokine Production by, But Not Differentiation of, Naive CD4+ T Cells.
W. Ma and J. S. Pober (1998)
J. Immunol. 161, 2158-2167
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A CD28-Associated Signaling Pathway Leading to Cytokine Gene Transcription and T Cell Proliferation Without TCR Engagement.
R. Siefken, S. Klein-He{beta}ling, E. Serfling, R. Kurrle, and R. Schwinzer (1998)
J. Immunol. 161, 1645-1651
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inhibition of CD28/CD3-Mediated Costimulation of Naive and Memory Human T Lymphocytes by Intracellular Incorporation of Polyclonal Antibodies Specific for the Activator Protein-1 Transcriptional Complex.
D. G. Woodside and B. W. McIntyre (1998)
J. Immunol. 161, 649-658
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
V7 (CD101) Ligation Inhibits TCR/CD3-Induced IL-2 Production by Blocking Ca2+ Flux and Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cell Nuclear Translocation.
L. R. B. Soares, L. Tsavaler, A. Rivas, and E. G. Engleman (1998)
J. Immunol. 161, 209-217
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mechanism Responsible for T-Cell Antigen Receptor- and CD28- or Interleukin 1 (IL-1) Receptor-Initiated Regulation of IL-2 Gene Expression by NF-kappa B.
K. Kalli, C. Huntoon, M. Bell, and D. J. McKean (1998)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 18, 3140-3148
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Overexpression of p65 and c-Jun Substitutes for B7-1 Costimulation by Targeting the CD28RE Within the IL-2 Promoter.
E. Parra, K. McGuire, G. Hedlund, and M. Dohlsten (1998)
J. Immunol. 160, 5374-5381
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcriptional Repression of the IL-2 Gene in Th Cells by ZEB.
D. H. Yasui, T. Genetta, T. Kadesch, T. M. Williams, S. L. Swain, L. V. Tsui, and B. T. Huber (1998)
J. Immunol. 160, 4433-4440
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of Transcriptional Repressor ICER in Cyclic AMP-mediated Attenuation of Cytokine Gene Expression in Human Thymocytes.
J. Bodor and J. F. Habener (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 9544-9551
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Consequences of Costimulation by ICAM-1 on IL-2 Gene Expression and T Cell Activation.
L. A. Zuckerman, L. Pullen, and J. Miller (1998)
J. Immunol. 160, 3259-3268
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Tpl-2 protooncoprotein activates the nuclear factor of activated T cells and induces interleukin 2 expression in T cell lines.
C. Tsatsanis, C. Patriotis, S. E. Bear, and P. N. Tsichlis (1998)
PNAS 95, 3827-3832
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Coordinate Transactivation of the Interleukin-2 CD28 Response Element by c-Rel and ATF-1/CREB2.
W. G. Butscher, C. Powers, M. Olive, C. Vinson, and K. Gardner (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 552-560
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Impaired Induction of the CD28-Responsive Complex in Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Mobilized CD4 T Cells.
J. Tanaka, M. Mielcarek, and B. Torok-Storb (1998)
Blood 91, 347-352
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent Kinase Type IV Is Involved in the CD5-mediated Signaling Pathway in Human T Lymphocytes.
S. I. Gringhuis, L. F. M. H. de Leij, G. A. Wayman, H. Tokumitsu, and E. Vellenga (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 31809-31820
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Interleukin-7 Upregulates the Interleukin-2-Gene Expression in Activated Human T Lymphocytes at the Transcriptional Level by Enhancing the DNA Binding Activities of Both Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells and Activator Protein-1.
S. I. Gringhuis, L. F.M.H. de Leij, E. W. Verschuren, P. Borger, and E. Vellenga (1997)
Blood 90, 2690-2700
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »



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