Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Site Tools

  • AAAS
  • Subscribe
  • Feedback

Site Search

Search Advanced

Science 30 November 1990:
Vol. 250. no. 4985, pp. 1262 - 1266
DOI: 10.1126/science.2173860
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Articles

Science, Vol 250, Issue 4985, 1262-1266
Copyright © 1990 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Mapping of herpes simplex virus-1 neurovirulence to gamma 134.5, a gene nonessential for growth in culture

J Chou, ER Kern, RJ Whitley, and B Roizman

Marjorie B. Kovler Viral Oncology Laboratories, University of Chicago, IL 60637.

The gene designated gamma 134.5 maps in the inverted repeats flanking the long unique sequence of herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) DNA, and therefore it is present in two copies per genome. This gene is not essential for viral growth in cell culture. Four recombinant viruses were genetically engineered to test the function of this gene. These were (i) a virus from which both copies of the gene were deleted, (ii) a virus containing a stop codon in both copies of the gene, (iii) a virus containing after the first codon an insert encoding a 16-amino acid epitope known to react with a specific monoclonal antibody, and (iv) a virus in which the deleted sequences were restored. The viruses from which the gene was deleted or which carried stop codons were avirulent on intracerebral inoculation of mice. The virus with the gene tagged by the sequence encoding the epitope was moderately virulent, whereas the restored virus reacquired the phenotype of the parent virus. Significant amounts of virus were recovered only from brains of animals inoculated with virulent viruses. Inasmuch as the product of the gamma 134.5 gene extended the host range of the virus by enabling it to replicate and destroy brain cells, it is a viral neurovirulence factor.


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
An acutely and latently expressed herpes simplex virus 2 viral microRNA inhibits expression of ICP34.5, a viral neurovirulence factor.
S. Tang, A. S. Bertke, A. Patel, K. Wang, J. I. Cohen, and P. R. Krause (2008)
PNAS 105, 10931-10936
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Enhancing Radiotherapy With Genetically Engineered Viruses.
S. J. Advani, R. R. Weichselbaum, and S. J. Chmura (2007)
J. Clin. Oncol. 25, 4090-4095
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Systemic Delivery of {gamma}134.5-Deleted Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Selectively Targets and Treats Distant Human Xenograft Tumors That Express High MEK Activity.
J. Veerapong, K. A. Bickenbach, M. Y. Shao, K. D. Smith, M. C. Posner, B. Roizman, and R. R. Weichselbaum (2007)
Cancer Res. 67, 8301-8306
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Attenuation of Herpes Simplex Virus Neurovirulence with Picornavirus cis-Acting Genetic Elements.
S. A. Campbell, M. Mulvey, I. Mohr, and M. Gromeier (2007)
J. Virol. 81, 791-799
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The VP35 Protein of Ebola Virus Inhibits the Antiviral Effect Mediated by Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase PKR.
Z. Feng, M. Cerveny, Z. Yan, and B. He (2007)
J. Virol. 81, 182-192
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Impact of Protein Kinase PKR in Cell Biology: from Antiviral to Antiproliferative Action.
M. A. Garcia, J. Gil, I. Ventoso, S. Guerra, E. Domingo, C. Rivas, and M. Esteban (2006)
Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 70, 1032-1060
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Binding and Nuclear Relocalization of Protein Kinase R by Human Cytomegalovirus TRS1.
M. Hakki, E. E. Marshall, K. L. De Niro, and A. P. Geballe (2006)
J. Virol. 80, 11817-11826
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Serial Passage through Human Glioma Xenografts Selects for a {Delta}{gamma}134.5 Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Mutant That Exhibits Decreased Neurotoxicity and Prolongs Survival of Mice with Experimental Brain Tumors..
A. C. Shah, K. H. Price, J. N. Parker, S. L. Samuel, S. Meleth, K. A. Cassady, G. Yancey Gillespie, R. J. Whitley, and J. M. Markert (2006)
J. Virol. 80, 7308-7315
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional genomic analysis of herpes simplex virus type 1 counteraction of the host innate response..
T. J. Pasieka, T. Baas, V. S. Carter, S. C. Proll, M. G. Katze, and D. A. Leib (2006)
J. Virol. 80, 7600-7612
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
ICP0 Gene Expression Is a Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Apoptotic Trigger.
C. M. Sanfilippo and J. A. Blaho (2006)
J. Virol. 80, 6810-6821
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Combination of a Fusogenic Glycoprotein, Prodrug Activation, and Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus for Enhanced Local Tumor Control..
G. R. Simpson, Z. Han, B. Liu, Y. Wang, G. Campbell, and R. S. Coffin (2006)
Cancer Res. 66, 4835-4842
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Activated MEK Suppresses Activation of PKR and Enables Efficient Replication and In Vivo Oncolysis by {Delta}{gamma}134.5 Mutants of Herpes Simplex Virus 1.
K. D. Smith, J. J. Mezhir, K. Bickenbach, J. Veerapong, J. Charron, M. C. Posner, B. Roizman, and R. R. Weichselbaum (2006)
J. Virol. 80, 1110-1120
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Complete Genome Sequence of Herpesvirus Papio 2 (Cercopithecine Herpesvirus 16) Shows Evidence of Recombination Events among Various Progenitor Herpesviruses.
S. D. Tyler and A. Severini (2006)
J. Virol. 80, 1214-1221
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Effect of Chemotherapy-Induced DNA Repair on Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Viral Replication.
M. Aghi, S. Rabkin, and R. L. Martuza (2006)
J Natl Cancer Inst 98, 38-50
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ionizing Radiation Activates Late Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Promoters via the p38 Pathway in Tumors Treated with Oncolytic Viruses.
J. J. Mezhir, S. J. Advani, K. D. Smith, T. E. Darga, A. P.W. Poon, H. Schmidt, M. C. Posner, B. Roizman, and R. R. Weichselbaum (2005)
Cancer Res. 65, 9479-9484
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of the triplet repeats in the central domain of the {gamma}134{middle dot}5 protein of herpes simplex virus 1.
X. Jing and B. He (2005)
J. Gen. Virol. 86, 2411-2419
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human Cytomegalovirus TRS1 and IRS1 Gene Products Block the Double-Stranded-RNA-Activated Host Protein Shutoff Response Induced by Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection.
K. A. Cassady (2005)
J. Virol. 79, 8707-8715
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Double-Stranded RNA Binding by Human Cytomegalovirus pTRS1.
M. Hakki and A. P. Geballe (2005)
J. Virol. 79, 7311-7318
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Recombinant Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) Codelivering Interleukin-12p35 as a Molecular Adjuvant Enhances the Protective Immune Response against Ocular HSV-1 Challenge.
Y. Osorio and H. Ghiasi (2005)
J. Virol. 79, 3297-3308
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Vector Therapy of Breast Cancer in C3(1)/SV40 T-antigen Transgenic Mice.
R. Liu, S. Varghese, and S. D. Rabkin (2005)
Cancer Res. 65, 1532-1540
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Selective Inhibitor of eIF2{alpha} Dephosphorylation Protects Cells from ER Stress.
M. Boyce, K. F. Bryant, C. Jousse, K. Long, H. P. Harding, D. Scheuner, R. J. Kaufman, D. Ma, D. M. Coen, D. Ron, et al. (2005)
Science 307, 935-939
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Infection Activates the Endoplasmic Reticulum Resident Kinase PERK and Mediates eIF-2{alpha} Dephosphorylation by the {gamma}134.5 Protein.
G. Cheng, Z. Feng, and B. He (2005)
J. Virol. 79, 1379-1388
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Spread and Replication of and Immune Response to {gamma}134.5-Negative Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Vectors in BALB/c Mice.
E. K. Broberg, J. Peltoniemi, M. Nygardas, T. Vahlberg, M. Roytta, and V. Hukkanen (2004)
J. Virol. 78, 13139-13152
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Replication of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Depends on the {gamma}134.5 Functions That Facilitate Virus Response to Interferon and Egress in the Different Stages of Productive Infection.
X. Jing, M. Cerveny, K. Yang, and B. He (2004)
J. Virol. 78, 7653-7666
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Selectivity of an Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus for Cells Expressing the DF3/MUC1 Antigen.
H. Kasuya, T. M. Pawlik, J. T. Mullen, J. M. Donahue, H. Nakamura, S. Chandrasekhar, H. Kawasaki, E. Choi, and K. K. Tanabe (2004)
Cancer Res. 64, 2561-2567
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
STAT1 is overexpressed in tumors selected for radioresistance and confers protection from radiation in transduced sensitive cells.
N. N. Khodarev, M. Beckett, E. Labay, T. Darga, B. Roizman, and R. R. Weichselbaum (2004)
PNAS 101, 1714-1719
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tyrosine 116 of the Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 IE{alpha}22 Protein Is an Ocular Virulence Determinant and Potential Phosphorylation Site.
C. R. Brandt and A. W. Kolb (2003)
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 44, 4601-4607
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of eIF2{alpha} Phosphorylation by Different Functions That Act during Discrete Phases in the Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Life Cycle.
M. Mulvey, J. Poppers, D. Sternberg, and I. Mohr (2003)
J. Virol. 77, 10917-10928
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dephosphorylation of eIF-2{alpha} Mediated by the {gamma}134.5 Protein of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Is Required for Viral Response to Interferon but Is Not Sufficient for Efficient Viral Replication.
G. Cheng, K. Yang, and B. He (2003)
J. Virol. 77, 10154-10161
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Ebola Virus VP35 Protein Inhibits Activation of Interferon Regulatory Factor 3.
C. F. Basler, A. Mikulasova, L. Martinez-Sobrido, J. Paragas, E. Muhlberger, M. Bray, H.-D. Klenk, P. Palese, and A. Garcia-Sastre (2003)
J. Virol. 77, 7945-7956
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Viral Oncolysis for Malignant Liver Tumors.
J. T. Mullen and K. K. Tanabe (2003)
Ann. Surg. Oncol. 10, 596-605
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Multiple Determinants Contribute to the Virulence of HSV Ocular and CNS Infection and Identification of Serine 34 of the US1 Gene as an Ocular Disease Determinant.
C. R. Brandt, A. W. Kolb, D. D. Shah, A. M. Pumfery, R. L. Kintner, E. Jaehnig, and J. J. Van Gompel (2003)
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 44, 2657-2668
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Complete Sequence and Comparative Analysis of the Genome of Herpes B Virus (Cercopithecine Herpesvirus 1) from a Rhesus Monkey.
L. Perelygina, L. Zhu, H. Zurkuhlen, R. Mills, M. Borodovsky, and J. K. Hilliard (2003)
J. Virol. 77, 6167-6177
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
In Vivo Replication of an ICP34.5 Second-Site Suppressor Mutant following Corneal Infection Correlates with In Vitro Regulation of eIF2{alpha} Phosphorylation.
S. L. Ward, D. Scheuner, J. Poppers, R. J. Kaufman, I. Mohr, and D. A. Leib (2003)
J. Virol. 77, 4626-4634
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Potent Oncolytic Activity of Multimutated Herpes Simplex Virus G207 in Combination with Vincristine against Human Rhabdomyosarcoma.
J. Cinatl Jr., J. Cinatl, M. Michaelis, H. Kabickova, R. Kotchetkov, J.-U. Vogel, H. W. Doerr, T. Klingebiel, and P. H. Driever (2003)
Cancer Res. 63, 1508-1514
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Latency.
C. Jones (2003)
Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 16, 79-95
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV)-Based Assay Demonstrates Interferon-Antagonist Activity for the NDV V Protein and the Nipah Virus V, W, and C Proteins.
M.-S. Park, M. L. Shaw, J. Munoz-Jordan, J. F. Cros, T. Nakaya, N. Bouvier, P. Palese, A. Garcia-Sastre, and C. F. Basler (2002)
J. Virol. 77, 1501-1511
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of RNA Determinants Recognized by the Arginine- and Proline-Rich Region of Us11, a Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Encoded Double-Stranded RNA Binding Protein That Prevents PKR Activation.
D. Khoo, C. Perez, and I. Mohr (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 11971-11981
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inhibition of PACT-Mediated Activation of PKR by the Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Us11 Protein.
G. A. Peters, D. Khoo, I. Mohr, and G. C. Sen (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 11054-11064
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Signals That Dictate Nuclear, Nucleolar, and Cytoplasmic Shuttling of the {gamma}134.5 Protein of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1.
G. Cheng, M.-E. Brett, and B. He (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 9434-9445
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cell Surface Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Proteins Are Regulated by the Products of the {gamma}134.5 and UL41 Genes of Herpes Simplex Virus 1.
J. Trgovcich, D. Johnson, and B. Roizman (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 6974-6986
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Potent Systemic Antitumor Activity from an Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus of Syncytial Phenotype.
X. Fu and X. Zhang (2002)
Cancer Res. 62, 2306-2312
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
An N-terminal Arginine-rich Cluster and a Proline-Alanine-Threonine Repeat Region Determine the Cellular Localization of the Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 ICP34.5 Protein and Its Ligand, Protein Phosphatase 1.
H. Mao and K. S. Rosenthal (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 11423-11431
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Novel Swine Virulence Determinant in the Left Variable Region of the African Swine Fever Virus Genome.
J. G. Neilan, L. Zsak, Z. Lu, G. F. Kutish, C. L. Afonso, and D. L. Rock (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 3095-3104
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cytolytic viruses as potential anti-cancer agents.
C. J. A. Ring (2002)
J. Gen. Virol. 83, 491-502
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 US11 Protein Interacts with Protein Kinase R in Infected Cells and Requires a 30-Amino-Acid Sequence Adjacent to a Kinase Substrate Domain.
K. A. Cassady and M. Gross (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 2029-2035
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Second-Site Mutation Outside of the US10-12 Domain of {Delta}{gamma}134.5 Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Recombinant Blocks the Shutoff of Protein Synthesis Induced by Activated Protein Kinase R and Partially Restores Neurovirulence.
K. A. Cassady, M. Gross, G. Y. Gillespie, and B. Roizman (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 942-949
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Interaction between Fluorodeoxyuridine-Induced Cellular Alterations and Replication of a Ribonucleotide Reductase-Negative Herpes Simplex Virus.
H. Petrowsky, G. D. Roberts, D. A. Kooby, B. M. Burt, J. J. Bennett, K. A. Delman, S. F. Stanziale, T. M. Delohery, W. P. Tong, H. J. Federoff, et al. (2001)
J. Virol. 75, 7050-7058
   Abstract »    Full Text »
A Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 {gamma}34.5 Second-Site Suppressor Mutant That Exhibits Enhanced Growth in Cultured Glioblastoma Cells Is Severely Attenuated in Animals.
I. Mohr, D. Sternberg, S. Ward, D. Leib, M. Mulvey, and Y. Gluzman (2001)
J. Virol. 75, 5189-5196
   Abstract »    Full Text »
AlaArg Motif in the Carboxyl Terminus of the {gamma}134.5 Protein of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Is Required for the Formation of a High-Molecular-Weight Complex That Dephosphorylates eIF-2{alpha}.
G. Cheng, M. Gross, M.-E. Brett, and B. He (2001)
J. Virol. 75, 3666-3674
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Positron Emission Tomography-based Imaging of Transgene Expression Mediated by Replication-conditional, Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Mutant Vectors in Vivo.
A. Jacobs, J. G. Tjuvajev, M. Dubrovin, T. Akhurst, J. Balatoni, B. Beattie, R. Joshi, R. Finn, S. M. Larson, U. Herrlinger, et al. (2001)
Cancer Res. 61, 2983-2995
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Biological Purging of Breast Cancer Cells Using an Attenuated Replication-competent Herpes Simplex Virus in Human Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.
A. Wu, A. Mazumder, R. L. Martuza, X. Liu, M. Thein, K. R. Meehan, and S. D. Rabkin (2001)
Cancer Res. 61, 3009-3015
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Open Reading Frame S/L of Varicella-Zoster Virus Encodes a Cytoplasmic Protein Expressed in Infected Cells.
G. W. Kemble, P. Annunziato, O. Lungu, R. E. Winter, T.-A. Cha, S. J. Silverstein, and R. R. Spaete (2000)
J. Virol. 74, 11311-11321
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Global Analysis of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Transcription Using an Oligonucleotide-Based DNA Microarray.
S. W. Stingley, J. J. G. Ramirez, S. A. Aguilar, K. Simmen, R. M. Sandri-Goldin, P. Ghazal, and E. K. Wagner (2000)
J. Virol. 74, 9916-9927
   Abstract »    Full Text »
In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of a Murine Cytomegalovirus with a Transposon Insertional Mutation at Open Reading Frame M43.
J. Xiao, T. Tong, X. Zhan, E. Haghjoo, and F. Liu (2000)
J. Virol. 74, 9488-9497
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Open Reading Frames O and P Are Not Necessary for Establishment of Latent Infection in Mice.
G. Randall, M. Lagunoff, and B. Roizman (2000)
J. Virol. 74, 9019-9027
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Lacking ICP34.5 Induces p53-independent Death and Is Efficacious against Chemotherapy-resistant Ovarian Cancer.
G. Coukos, A. Makrigiannakis, E. H. Kang, S. C. Rubin, S. M. Albelda, and K. L. Molnar-Kimber (2000)
Clin. Cancer Res. 6, 3342-3353
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Attenuated, Replication-Competent Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Mutant G207: Safety Evaluation in Mice.
P. Sundaresan, W. D. Hunter, R. L. Martuza, and S. D. Rabkin (2000)
J. Virol. 74, 3832-3841
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Resistance of herpes simplex virus type 1 against different phosphonylmethoxyalkyl derivatives of purines and pyrimidines due to specific mutations in the viral DNA polymerase gene.
G. Andrei, R. Snoeck, E. De Clercq, R. Esnouf, P. Fiten, and G. Opdenakker (2000)
J. Gen. Virol. 81, 639-648
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Oncolytic therapy using a mutant type-1 herpes simplex virus and the role of the immune system.
E. S. Lambright, D. J. Caparrelli, A. E. Abbas, T. Toyoizumi, G. Coukos, K. L. Molnar-Kimber, and L. R. Kaiser (1999)
Ann. Thorac. Surg. 68, 1756-1760
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Accumulation of specific RNAs encoding transcriptional factors and stress response proteins against a background of severe depletion of cellular RNAs in cells infected with herpes simplex virus 1.
N. N. Khodarev, S. J. Advani, N. Gupta, B. Roizman, and R. R. Weichselbaum (1999)
PNAS 96, 12062-12067
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
B-myb Promoter Retargeting of Herpes Simplex Virus gamma 34.5 Gene-Mediated Virulence toward Tumor and Cycling Cells.
R. Y. Chung, Y. Saeki, and E. A. Chiocca (1999)
J. Virol. 73, 7556-7564
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Attenuated, Replication-Competent Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Mutant G207: Safety Evaluation of Intracerebral Injection in Nonhuman Primates.
W. D. Hunter, R. L. Martuza, F. Feigenbaum, T. Todo, T. Mineta, T. Yazaki, M. Toda, J. T. Newsome, R. C. Platenberg, H. J. Manz, et al. (1999)
J. Virol. 73, 6319-6326
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Oncolytic viral therapy for human colorectal cancer and liver metastases using a multi-mutated herpes simplex virus type-1 (G207).
D. A. Kooby, J. F. Carew, M. W. Halterman, J. E. Mack, J. R. Bertino, L. H. Blumgart, H. J. Federoff, and Y. Fong (1999)
FASEB J 13, 1325-1334
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Molecular Diagnosis of Herpes Simplex Virus Infections in the Central Nervous System.
Y.-W. Tang, P. S. Mitchell, M. J. Espy, T. F. Smith, and D. H. Persing (1999)
J. Clin. Microbiol. 37, 2127-2136
   Full Text »
Ionizing Radiation Improves Survival in Mice Bearing Intracranial High-Grade Gliomas Injected with Genetically Modified Herpes Simplex Virus.
J. D. Bradley, Y. Kataoka, S. Advani, S. M. Chung, R. B. Arani, G. Y. Gillespie, R. J. Whitley, J. M. Markert, B. Roizman, and R. R. Weichselbaum (1999)
Clin. Cancer Res. 5, 1517-1522
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Replication-competent, Nonneuroinvasive Genetically Engineered Herpes Virus Is Highly Effective in the Treatment of Therapy-resistant Experimental Human Tumors.
S. J. Advani, S.-M. Chung, S. Y. Yan, G. Y. Gillespie, J. M. Markert, R. J. Whitley, B. Roizman, and R. R. Weichselbaum (1999)
Cancer Res. 59, 2055-2058
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Interferons Regulate the Phenotype of  Wild-type and Mutant Herpes Simplex Viruses In Vivo.
D. A. Leib, T. E. Harrison, K. M. Laslo, M. A. Machalek, N. J. Moorman, and H. W. Virgin (1999)
J. Exp. Med. 189, 663-672
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Herpes Simplex Virus US11 Protein Effectively Compensates for the gamma 134.5 Gene if Present before Activation of Protein Kinase R by Precluding Its Phosphorylation and That of the alpha  Subunit of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2.
K. A. Cassady, M. Gross, and B. Roizman (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 8620-8626
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Second-Site Mutation in the Herpes Simplex Virus Recombinants Lacking the gamma 134.5 Genes Precludes Shutoff of Protein Synthesis by Blocking the Phosphorylation of eIF-2alpha.
K. A. Cassady, M. Gross, and B. Roizman (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 7005-7011
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Polyserine Tract of Herpes Simplex Virus ICP4 Is Required for Normal Viral Gene Expression and Growth in Murine Trigeminal Ganglia.
P. A. Bates and N. A. DeLuca (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 7115-7124
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The gamma 134.5 Protein of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Has the Structural and Functional Attributes of a Protein Phosphatase 1 Regulatory Subunit and Is Present in a High Molecular Weight Complex with the Enzyme in Infected Cells.
B. He, M. Gross, and B. Roizman (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 20737-20743
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Virus with a Mutation in the ICP4-Binding Site in the L/ST Promoter of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1, but Not a Virus with a Mutation in Open Reading Frame P, Exhibits Cell-Type-Specific Expression of gamma 134.5 Transcripts and Latency-Associated Transcripts.
L. Y. Lee and P. A. Schaffer (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 4250-4264
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Virus Attenuation after Deletion of the Cytomegalovirus Fc Receptor Gene Is Not due to Antibody Control.
I. Crnkovic-Mertens, M. Messerle, U. Szepan, and U. H. Koszinowski (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 1377-1382
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The gamma 134.5 protein of herpes simplex virus 1 complexes with protein phosphatase 1alpha to dephosphorylate the alpha  subunit of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 and preclude the shutoff of protein synthesis by double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase.
B. He, M. Gross, and B. Roizman (1997)
PNAS 94, 843-848
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Selective Vulnerability of Mouse CNS Neurons to Latent Infection with a Neuroattenuated Herpes Simplex Virus-1.
S. Kesari, V. M.-Y. Lee, S. M. Brown, J. Q. Trojanowski, and N. W. Fraser (1996)
J. Neurosci. 16, 5644-5653
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of starvation- and virus-induced autophagy by the eIF2alpha kinase signaling pathway.
Z. Talloczy, W. Jiang, H. W. Virgin IV, D. A. Leib, D. Scheuner, R. J. Kaufman, E.-L. Eskelinen, and B. Levine (2002)
PNAS 99, 190-195
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
From the Cover: Engineered herpes simplex virus expressing IL-12 in the treatment of experimental murine brain tumors.
J. N. Parker, G. Y. Gillespie, C. E. Love, S. Randall, R. J. Whitley, and J. M. Markert (2000)
PNAS 97, 2208-2213
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
From the Cover: Specific phenotypic restoration of an attenuated virus by knockout of a host resistance gene.
D. A. Leib, M. A. Machalek, B. R. G. Williams, R. H. Silverman, and H. W. Virgin (2000)
PNAS 97, 6097-6101
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Oncolytic herpes simplex virus vector with enhanced MHC class I presentation and tumor cell killing.
T. Todo, R. L. Martuza, S. D. Rabkin, and P. A. Johnson (2001)
PNAS 98, 6396-6401
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Enhanced antitumor efficacy of a herpes simplex virus mutant isolated by genetic selection in cancer cells.
S. Taneja, J. MacGregor, S. Markus, S. Ha, and I. Mohr (2001)
PNAS 98, 8804-8808
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Ebola virus VP35 protein functions as a type I IFN antagonist.
C. F. Basler, X. Wang, E. Muhlberger, V. Volchkov, J. Paragas, H.-D. Klenk, A. Garcia-Sastre, and P. Palese (2000)
PNAS 97, 12289-12294
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


ADVERTISEMENT
Click Me!

ADVERTISEMENT
Click Me!

To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)