Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Science 10 November 1989:
Vol. 246. no. 4931, pp. 780 - 786
DOI: 10.1126/science.2814500
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Articles

Science, Vol 246, Issue 4931, 780-786
Copyright © 1989 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

In vivo footprinting of a muscle specific enhancer by ligation mediated PCR

PR Mueller and B Wold

Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.

In vivo protein-DNA interactions at the developmentally regulated enhancer of the mouse muscle creatine kinase (MCK) gene were examined by a newly developed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) footprinting procedure. This ligation mediated, single-sided PCR technique permits the exponential amplification of an entire sequence ladder. Several footprints were detected in terminally differentiated muscle cells where the MCK gene is actively transcribed. None were observed in myogenic cells prior to differentiation or in nonmuscle cells. Two footprints appear to correspond to sites that can bind the myogenic regulator MyoD1 in vitro, whereas two others represent muscle specific use of apparently general factors. Because MyoD1 is synthesized by undifferentiated myoblasts, these data imply that additional regulatory mechanisms must restrict the interaction between this protein and its target site prior to differentiation.


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
In Vivo DNase I, MNase, and Restriction Enzyme Footprinting via Ligation-Mediated Polymerase Chain Reaction (LM-PCR).
M. F. Carey, C. L. Peterson, and S. T. Smale (2009)
CSH Protocols 2009, pdb.prot5277
   Abstract »    Full Text »
In Vivo Dimethyl Sulfate (DMS) Footprinting via Ligation-Mediated Polymerase Chain Reaction (LM-PCR).
M. F. Carey, C. L. Peterson, and S. T. Smale (2009)
CSH Protocols 2009, pdb.prot5278
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Improved Fermentation Performance of a Lager Yeast after Repair of Its AGT1 Maltose and Maltotriose Transporter Genes.
V. Vidgren, A. Huuskonen, H. Virtanen, L. Ruohonen, and J. Londesborough (2009)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 75, 2333-2345
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Quantitative Proteomic Identification of MAZ as a Transcriptional Regulator of Muscle-Specific Genes in Skeletal and Cardiac Myocytes.
C. L. Himeda, J. A. Ranish, and S. D. Hauschka (2008)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 28, 6521-6535
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human U2 snRNA Genes Exhibit a Persistently Open Transcriptional State and Promoter Disassembly at Metaphase.
T. Pavelitz, A. D. Bailey, C. P. Elco, and A. M. Weiner (2008)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 28, 3573-3588
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
LINE-1 methylation status of endogenous DNA double-strand breaks.
W. Pornthanakasem, N. Kongruttanachok, C. Phuangphairoj, C. Suyarnsestakorn, T. Sanghangthum, S. Oonsiri, W. Ponyeam, T. Thanasupawat, O. Matangkasombut, and A. Mutirangura (2008)
Nucleic Acids Res. 36, 3667-3675
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Restriction Site-dependent PCR: An Efficient Technique for Fast Cloning of New Genes of Microorganisms.
Y. Jiang, J. Pei, X. Song, and W. Shao (2007)
DNA Res
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
In Vivo Analysis of Developmentally and Evolutionarily Dynamic Protein-DNA Interactions Regulating Transcription of the Pgk2 Gene during Mammalian Spermatogenesis.
H. Yoshioka, C. B. Geyer, J. L. Hornecker, K. T. Patel, and J. R. McCarrey (2007)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 27, 7871-7885
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Pu.1 Locus Is Differentially Regulated at the Level of Chromatin Structure and Noncoding Transcription by Alternate Mechanisms at Distinct Developmental Stages of Hematopoiesis.
M. Hoogenkamp, H. Krysinska, R. Ingram, G. Huang, R. Barlow, D. Clarke, A. Ebralidze, P. Zhang, H. Tagoh, P. N. Cockerill, et al. (2007)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 27, 7425-7438
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Forkhead Factor FoxE1 Binds to the Thyroperoxidase Promoter during Thyroid Cell Differentiation and Modifies Compacted Chromatin Structure.
I. Cuesta, K. S. Zaret, and P. Santisteban (2007)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 27, 7302-7314
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Self-Formed Adaptor PCR: a Simple and Efficient Method for Chromosome Walking.
S. Wang, J. He, Z. Cui, and S. Li (2007)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 73, 5048-5051
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Delineation of the Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium HilA Regulon through Genome-Wide Location and Transcript Analysis.
I. M. V. Thijs, S. C. J. De Keersmaecker, A. Fadda, K. Engelen, H. Zhao, M. McClelland, K. Marchal, and J. Vanderleyden (2007)
J. Bacteriol. 189, 4587-4596
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Independent and complementary methods for large-scale structural analysis of mammalian chromatin.
J. H. Dennis, H.-Y. Fan, S. M. Reynolds, G. Yuan, J. C. Meldrim, D. J. Richter, D. G. Peterson, O. J. Rando, W. S. Noble, and R. E. Kingston (2007)
Genome Res. 17, 928-939
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Impaired V(D)J recombination and increased apoptosis among B cell precursors in the bone marrow of c-Abl-deficient mice.
Q. L. K. Lam, C. K. C. Lo, B.-J. Zheng, K.-H. Ko, D. G. Osmond, G. E. Wu, R. Rottapel, and L. Lu (2007)
Int. Immunol. 19, 267-276
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Locating mammalian transcription factor binding sites: A survey of computational and experimental techniques.
L. Elnitski, V. X. Jin, P. J. Farnham, and S. J.M. Jones (2006)
Genome Res. 16, 1455-1464
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Investigating human cancer etiology by DNA lesion footprinting and mutagenicity analysis.
A. Besaratinia and G. P. Pfeifer (2006)
Carcinogenesis 27, 1526-1537
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Activation of V(D)J Recombination at the IgH Chain JH Locus Occurs within a 6-Kilobase Chromatin Domain and Is Associated with Nucleosomal Remodeling.
J. Maes, S. Chappaz, P. Cavelier, L. O'Neill, B. Turner, F. Rougeon, and M. Goodhardt (2006)
J. Immunol. 176, 5409-5417
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cooperative Activity of BRG1 and Z-DNA Formation in Chromatin Remodeling..
H. Liu, N. Mulholland, H. Fu, and K. Zhao (2006)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 26, 2550-2559
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcriptional Regulation of xyn1, Encoding Xylanase I, in Hypocrea jecorina.
R. Rauscher, E. Wurleitner, C. Wacenovsky, N. Aro, A. R. Stricker, S. Zeilinger, C. P. Kubicek, M. Penttila, and R. L. Mach (2006)
Eukaryot. Cell 5, 447-456
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
In Vivo and In Vitro Analysis of Factor Binding Sites in Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus Long Terminal Repeat Enhancer Sequences: Roles of HNF-3, NF-I, and C/EBP for Activity in Lung Epithelial Cells.
K. McGee-Estrada and H. Fan (2006)
J. Virol. 80, 332-341
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Interleukin-21 Receptor Gene Induction in Human T Cells Is Mediated by T-Cell Receptor-Induced Sp1 Activity.
Z. Wu, H.-P. Kim, H.-H. Xue, H. Liu, K. Zhao, and W. J. Leonard (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 9741-9752
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Diabetes Alters the Occupancy of the Hepatic 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Promoter.
W. R. Lagor, E. D. de Groh, and G. C. Ness (2005)
J. Biol. Chem. 280, 36601-36608
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Arabidopsis TCP20 links regulation of growth and cell division control pathways.
C. Li, T. Potuschak, A. Colon-Carmona, R. A. Gutierrez, and P. Doerner (2005)
PNAS 102, 12978-12983
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
EBV-Induced Gene 3 Transcription Is Induced by TLR Signaling in Primary Dendritic Cells via NF-{kappa}B Activation.
S. Wirtz, C. Becker, M. C. Fantini, E. E. Nieuwenhuis, I. Tubbe, P. R. Galle, H.-J. Schild, M. Birkenbach, R. S. Blumberg, and M. F. Neurath (2005)
J. Immunol. 174, 2814-2824
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bidirectional Replication Initiates at Sites Throughout the Mitochondrial Genome of Birds.
A. Reyes, M. Y. Yang, M. Bowmaker, and I. J. Holt (2005)
J. Biol. Chem. 280, 3242-3250
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional and Molecular Analysis of the Double-Positive Stage-Specific CD8 Enhancer E8III during Thymocyte Development.
N. Feik, I. Bilic, J. Tinhofer, B. Unger, D. R. Littman, and W. Ellmeier (2005)
J. Immunol. 174, 1513-1524
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Rapid, solid-phase based automated analysis of chromatin structure and transcription factor occupancy in living eukaryotic cells.
R. Ingram, H. Tagoh, A. D. Riggs, and C. Bonifer (2005)
Nucleic Acids Res. 33, e1
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
TFIIH Operates through an Expanded Proximal Promoter To Fine-Tune c-myc Expression.
A. Weber, J. Liu, I. Collins, and D. Levens (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 147-161
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Polycomb Ezh2 methyltransferase regulates muscle gene expression and skeletal muscle differentiation.
G. Caretti, M. Di Padova, B. Micales, G. E. Lyons, and V. Sartorelli (2004)
Genes & Dev. 18, 2627-2638
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Retinoic Acid Inhibition of Chromatin Remodeling at the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Promoter: UNCOUPLING OF HISTONE ACETYLATION AND CHROMATIN REMODELING.
H. L. B. Kiefer, T. M. Hanley, J. E. Marcello, A. G. Karthik, and G. A. Viglianti (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 43604-43613
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cell-type-specific binding of the transcription factor CREB to the cAMP-response element.
H. Cha-Molstad, D. M. Keller, G. S. Yochum, S. Impey, and R. H. Goodman (2004)
PNAS 101, 13572-13577
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Differential Regulation of Islet-specific Glucose-6-phosphatase Catalytic Subunit-related Protein Gene Transcription by Pax-6 and Pdx-1.
C. C. Martin, J. K. Oeser, and R. M. O'Brien (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 34277-34289
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The mouse muscle creatine kinase promoter faithfully drives reporter gene expression in transgenic Xenopus laevis.
W. Lim, E. S. Neff, and J. D. Furlow (2004)
Physiol Genomics 18, 79-86
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Chromatin-Remodeling BAF Complex Mediates Cellular Antiviral Activities by Promoter Priming.
K. Cui, P. Tailor, H. Liu, X. Chen, K. Ozato, and K. Zhao (2004)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 24, 4476-4486
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of a Novel Cyclic AMP-response Element (CRE-II) and the Role of CREB-1 in the cAMP-induced Expression of the Survival Motor Neuron (SMN) Gene.
S. Majumder, S. Varadharaj, K. Ghoshal, U. Monani, A. H. M. Burghes, and S. T. Jacob (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 14803-14811
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
S-(2-Chloroethyl)glutathione-generated p53 Mutation Spectra Are Influenced by Differential Repair Rates More than Sites of Initial DNA Damage.
J. G. Valadez and F. P. Guengerich (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 13435-13446
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Quantitative Proteomic Identification of Six4 as the Trex-Binding Factor in the Muscle Creatine Kinase Enhancer.
C. L. Himeda, J. A. Ranish, J. C. Angello, P. Maire, R. Aebersold, and S. D. Hauschka (2004)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 24, 2132-2143
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcriptional Regulation of CHI3L1, a Marker Gene for Late Stages of Macrophage Differentiation.
M. Rehli, H.-H. Niller, C. Ammon, S. Langmann, L. Schwarzfischer, R. Andreesen, and S. W. Krause (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 44058-44067
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Processing of Double-Strand Breaks Is Involved in the Precise Excision of Paramecium Internal Eliminated Sequences.
A. Gratias and M. Betermier (2003)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 23, 7152-7162
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mapping of Abutilon Mosaic Geminivirus Minichromosomes.
M. Pilartz and H. Jeske (2003)
J. Virol. 77, 10808-10818
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
T Cell-Specific Expression of the Human TNF-{alpha} Gene Involves a Functional and Highly Conserved Chromatin Signature in Intron 3.
R. Barthel and A. E. Goldfeld (2003)
J. Immunol. 171, 3612-3619
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ligation mediated PCR performed at low denaturation temperatures--PCR melting profiles.
A. Masny and A. Plucienniczak (2003)
Nucleic Acids Res. 31, e114
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Chromium(VI) Down-regulates Heavy Metal-induced Metallothionein Gene Transcription by Modifying Transactivation Potential of the Key Transcription Factor, Metal-responsive Transcription Factor 1.
S. Majumder, K. Ghoshal, D. Summers, S. Bai, J. Datta, and S. T. Jacob (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 26216-26226
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
T-linker-specific ligation PCR (T-linker PCR): an advanced PCR technique for chromosome walking or for isolation of tagged DNA ends.
Y. Yuanxin, A. Chengcai, L. Li, G. Jiayu, T. Guihong, and C. Zhangliang (2003)
Nucleic Acids Res. 31, e68
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Interplay between Proximal and Distal Promoter Elements Is Required for Squamous Differentiation Marker Induction in the Bronchial Epithelium: ROLE FOR ESE-1, Sp1, AND AP-1 PROTEINS.
S. P. M. Reddy, H. Vuong, and P. Adiseshaiah (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 21378-21387
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcriptional Regulation of xyn2 in Hypocrea jecorina.
E. Wurleitner, L. Pera, C. Wacenovsky, A. Cziferszky, S. Zeilinger, C. P. Kubicek, and R. L. Mach (2003)
Eukaryot. Cell 2, 150-158
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcriptional Regulation of the MHC Class II Trans-Activator (CIITA) Promoter III: Identification of a Novel Regulatory Region in the 5'-Untranslated Region and an Important Role for cAMP-Responsive Element Binding Protein 1 and Activating Transcription Factor-1 in CIITA-Promoter III Transcriptional Activation in B Lymphocytes.
N. van der Stoep, E. Quinten, and P. J. van den Elsen (2002)
J. Immunol. 169, 5061-5071
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Polyclonal long-term repopulating stem cell clones in a primate model.
M. Schmidt, P. Zickler, G. Hoffmann, S. Haas, M. Wissler, A. Muessig, J. F. Tisdale, K. Kuramoto, R. G. Andrews, T. Wu, et al. (2002)
Blood 100, 2737-2743
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Maximal Induction of a Subset of Interferon Target Genes Requires the Chromatin-Remodeling Activity of the BAF Complex.
H. Liu, H. Kang, R. Liu, X. Chen, and K. Zhao (2002)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 22, 6471-6479
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Variable Diversity Joining Recombination: Nonhairpin Coding Ends in Thymocytes of SCID and Wild-Type Mice.
P. B. Nakajima and M. J. Bosma (2002)
J. Immunol. 169, 3094-3104
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of IFN Regulatory Factor 4 Expression in Human T Cell Leukemia Virus-I-Transformed T Cells.
S. Sharma, N. Grandvaux, Y. Mamane, P. Genin, N. Azimi, T. Waldmann, and J. Hiscott (2002)
J. Immunol. 169, 3120-3130
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Origin Recognition Complex Marks a Replication Origin in the Human TOP1 Gene Promoter.
C. Keller, E.-M. Ladenburger, M. Kremer, and R. Knippers (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 31430-31440
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Partial restoration of B cell development in Jak-3-/- mice achieved by co-expression of IgH and E{micro}-myc transgenes.
S. R. Dillon and M. S. Schlissel (2002)
Int. Immunol. 14, 893-904
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of Thioredoxin Gene Expression by Vitamin A in Human Airway Epithelial Cells.
W.-H. Chang, S. P.-M. Reddy, Y.-P. P. Di, K. Yoneda, R. Harper, and R. Wu (2002)
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 26, 627-635
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
In Vivo Footprinting of the Human 11beta -Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 Promoter. EVIDENCE FOR CELL-SPECIFIC REGULATION BY Sp1 AND Sp3.
A. R. Nawrocki, C. E. Goldring, R. M. Kostadinova, F. J. Frey, and B. M. Frey (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 14647-14656
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Nucleoprotein Structure of Immediate-Early Promoters Zp and Rp and of oriLyt of Latent Epstein-Barr Virus Genomes.
H. H. Niller, D. Salamon, J. Uhlig, S. Ranf, M. Granz, F. Schwarzmann, H. Wolf, and J. Minarovits (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 4113-4118
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Myc-associated Zinc Finger Protein-related Factor Binding Site Is Required for the Deregulation of c-myc Expression by the Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Gene Enhancers in Burkitt's Lymphoma.
H.-M. Hu, M. Arcinas, and L. M. Boxer (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 9819-9824
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of Human Ig{lambda} Light Chain Gene Expression by NF-{kappa}B.
G. Combriato and H.-G. Klobeck (2002)
J. Immunol. 168, 1259-1266
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Pyrophosphorolysis-activatable oligonucleotides may facilitate detection of rare alleles, mutation scanning and analysis of chromatin structures.
Q. Liu and S. S. Sommer (2002)
Nucleic Acids Res. 30, 598-604
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Activated Human T Cells Accomplish MHC Class II Expression Through T Cell-Specific Occupation of Class II Transactivator Promoter III.
T. M. Holling, N. van der Stoep, E. Quinten, and P. J. van den Elsen (2002)
J. Immunol. 168, 763-770
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The MHC-Specific Enhanceosome and Its Role in MHC Class I and {beta}2-Microglobulin Gene Transactivation.
S. J. P. Gobin, M. van Zutphen, S. D. Westerheide, J. M. Boss, and P. J. van den Elsen (2001)
J. Immunol. 167, 5175-5184
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Smooth Muscle Myosin Heavy Chain Gene Exhibits Smooth Muscle Subtype-selective Modular Regulation in Vivo.
I. Manabe and G. K. Owens (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 39076-39087
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Candida tropicalis Etr1p and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ybr026p (Mrf1'p), 2-Enoyl Thioester Reductases Essential for Mitochondrial Respiratory Competence.
J. M. Torkko, K. T. Koivuranta, I. J. Miinalainen, A. I. Yagi, W. Schmitz, A. J. Kastaniotis, T. T. Airenne, A. Gurvitz, and K. J. Hiltunen (2001)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 21, 6243-6253
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of IL-12 p40 Promoter Activity in Primary Human Monocytes: Roles of NF-{kappa}B, CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Protein {beta}, and PU.1 and Identification of a Novel Repressor Element (GA-12) That Responds to IL-4 and Prostaglandin E2.
C. Becker, S. Wirtz, X. Ma, M. Blessing, P. R. Galle, and M. F. Neurath (2001)
J. Immunol. 167, 2608-2618
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Optimal conditions to use Pfu exo- DNA polymerase for highly efficient ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction protocols.
M. Angers, J.-F. Cloutier, A. Castonguay, and R. Drouin (2001)
Nucleic Acids Res. 29, e83
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of the Catalase Gene Promoter by Sp1, CCAAT-recognizing Factors, and a WT1/Egr-related Factor in Hydrogen Peroxide-resistant HP100 Cells.
M. Nenoi, S. Ichimura, K. Mita, O. Yukawa, and I. L. Cartwright (2001)
Cancer Res. 61, 5885-5894
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular Mechanisms of Transcriptional Control of bcl-2 and c-myc in Follicular and Transformed Lymphoma.
M. Arcinas, C. A. Heckman, J. W. Mehew, and L. M. Boxer (2001)
Cancer Res. 61, 5202-5206
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
NF-{{kappa}}B p50-Dependent In Vivo Footprints at Ig S{{gamma}}3 DNA Are Correlated with {micro}{->}{{gamma}}3 Switch Recombination.
R. A. Wuerffel, L. Ma, and A. L. Kenter (2001)
J. Immunol. 166, 4552-4559
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Breaksite batch mapping, a rapid method for assay and identification of DNA breaksites in mammalian cells.
Q. Kong and N. Maizels (2001)
Nucleic Acids Res. 29, e33
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Protein-DNA Binding and CpG Methylation at Nucleotide Resolution of Latency-Associated Promoters Qp, Cp, and LMP1p of Epstein-Barr Virus.
D. Salamon, M. Takacs, D. Ujvari, J. Uhlig, H. Wolf, J. Minarovits, and H. H. Niller (2001)
J. Virol. 75, 2584-2596
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Characterization of the Mouse Islet-Specific Glucose-6-Phosphatase Catalytic Subunit-Related Protein Gene Promoter by In Situ Footprinting: Correlation With Fusion Gene Expression in the Islet-Derived {beta}TC-3 and Hamster Insulinoma Tumor Cell Lines.
L. J. Bischof, C. C. Martin, C. A. Svitek, B. T. Stadelmaier, L. A. Hornbuckle, J. K. Goldman, J. K. Oeser, J. C. Hutton, and R. M. O’Brien (2001)
Diabetes 50, 502-514
   Abstract »    Full Text »
VH Gene Replacement in Thymocytes.
R. Golub, D. Martin, F. E. Bertrand, M. Cascalho, M. Wabl, and G. E. Wu (2001)
J. Immunol. 166, 855-860
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
In Vivo Genomic Footprinting of the Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Long Terminal Repeat Enhancer Sequences in HTLV-1-Infected Human T-Cell Lines with Different Levels of Tax I Activity.
S. Datta, N. H. Kothari, and H. Fan (2000)
J. Virol. 74, 8277-8285
   Abstract »    Full Text »
T Cell Development in TCR{beta} Enhancer-Deleted Mice: Implications for {alpha}{beta} T Cell Lineage Commitment and Differentiation.
I. Leduc, W. M. Hempel, N. Mathieu, C. Verthuy, G. Bouvier, F. Watrin, and P. Ferrier (2000)
J. Immunol. 165, 1364-1373
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Sp1 Binding Sites and An Estrogen Response Element Half-Site Are Involved in Regulation of the Human Progesterone Receptor A Promoter.
L. N. Petz and A. M. Nardulli (2000)
Mol. Endocrinol. 14, 972-985
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Rearrangement of chromatin domains during development in Xenopus.
Y. Vassetzky, A. Hair, and M. Méchali (2000)
Genes & Dev. 14, 1541-1552
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Regulation of RANTES Chemokine Gene Expression Requires Cooperativity Between NF-{kappa}B and IFN-Regulatory Factor Transcription Factors.
P. Genin, M. Algarte, P. Roof, R. Lin, and J. Hiscott (2000)
J. Immunol. 164, 5352-5361
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Zinc Finger Repressor, ZBP-89, Binds to the Silencer Element of the Human Vimentin Gene and Complexes with the Transcriptional Activator, Sp1.
E. Wieczorek, Z. Lin, E. B. Perkins, D. J. Law, J. L. Merchant, and Z. E. Zehner (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 12879-12888
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification and Functional Characterization of a Conserved, Nuclear Factor 1-like Element in the Proximal Promoter Region of CYP1A2 Gene Specifically Expressed in the Liver and Olfactory Mucosa.
J. Zhang, Q.-Y. Zhang, J. Guo, Y. Zhou, and X. Ding (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 8895-8902
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Loading of DNA-Binding Factors to an Erythroid Enhancer.
S.-C. Wen, K. Roder, K.-Y. Hu, I. Rombel, N. R. Gavva, P. Daftari, Y.-Y. Kuo, C. Wang, and C.-K. J. Shen (2000)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 20, 1993-2003
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Repressive and restrictive mesodermal interactions with gut endoderm: possible relation to Meckel's Diverticulum.
P Bossard and K. Zaret (2000)
Development 127, 4915-4923
   Abstract »    PDF »
Suppression of Metallothionein Gene Expression in a Rat Hepatoma Because of Promoter-specific DNA Methylation.
K. Ghoshal, S. Majumder, Z. Li, X. Dong, and S. T. Jacob (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 539-547
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Definition of a T-Cell Receptor beta Gene Core Enhancer of V(D)J Recombination by Transgenic Mapping.
R. K. Tripathi, N. Mathieu, S. Spicuglia, D. Payet, C. Verthuy, G. Bouvier, D. Depetris, M.-G. Mattei, W. M. HempeL, and P. Ferrier (2000)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 20, 42-53
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Structural Basis for the Regulation of UDP-N-Acetyl-{{alpha}}-D-galactosamine: Polypeptide N-Acetylgalactosaminyl Transferase-3 Gene Expression in Adenocarcinoma Cells.
M. Nomoto, H. Izumi, T. Ise, K. Kato, H. Takano, G. Nagatani, K. Shibao, R. Ohta, T. Imamura, M. Kuwano, et al. (1999)
Cancer Res. 59, 6214-6222
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Early B Cell Factor Is an Activator of the B Lymphoid Kinase Promoter in Early B Cell Development.
P. Akerblad and M. Sigvardsson (1999)
J. Immunol. 163, 5453-5461
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
trans-Retinoic Acid Blocks Platelet-derived Growth Factor-BB-induced Expression of the Murine Monocyte Chemoattractant-1 Gene by Blocking the Assembly of a Promoter Proximal Sp1 Binding Site.
D. Ping, G. Boekhoudt, and J. M. Boss (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 31909-31916
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Novel Element and a TEF-2-like Element Activate the Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Transactivator in B-lymphocytes.
N. Ghosh, J. F. Piskurich, G. Wright, K. Hassani, J. P.-Y. Ting, and K. L. Wright (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 32342-32350
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcriptional Regulation of the Ig{kappa} Gene by Promoter-Proximal Pausing of RNA Polymerase II.
E. E. Raschke, T. Albert, and D. Eick (1999)
J. Immunol. 163, 4375-4382
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Hypermethylation of Metallothionein-I Promoter and Suppression of Its Induction in Cell Lines Overexpressing the Large Subunit of Ku Protein.
S. Majumder, K. Ghoshal, Z. Li, and S. T. Jacob (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 28584-28589
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
In Vivo Structure of Two Divergent Promoters at the Human PCNA Locus. SYNTHESIS OF ANTISENSE RNA AND S PHASE-DEPENDENT BINDING OF E2F COMPLEXES IN INTRON 1.
S. Tommasi and G. P. Pfeifer (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 27829-27838
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Chromatin remodeling directly activates V(D)J recombination.
S. R. Cherry and D. Baltimore (1999)
PNAS 96, 10788-10793
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification by In Vivo Genomic Footprinting of a Transcriptional Switch Containing NF-kappa B and Sp1 That Regulates the Ikappa Balpha Promoter.
M. Algarte, H. Kwon, P. Genin, and J. Hiscott (1999)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 6140-6153
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
beta -Phaseolin gene activation is a two-step process: PvALF- facilitated chromatin modification followed by abscisic acid-mediated gene activation.
G. Li, K. J. Bishop, M. B. Chandrasekharan, and T. C. Hall (1999)
PNAS 96, 7104-7109
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Analysis of 8-hydroxyguanine in rat kidney genomic DNA after administration of a renal carcinogen, ferric nitrilotriacetate.
M. Nomoto, R. Yamaguchi, M. Kawamura, K. Kohno, and H. Kasai (1999)
Carcinogenesis 20, 837-841
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Interferon-{gamma}-mediated Inhibition of Cyclin A Gene Transcription Is Independent of Individual cis-Acting Elements in the Cyclin A Promoter.
N. E. S. Sibinga, H. Wang, M. A. Perrella, W. O. Endege, C. Patterson, M. Yoshizumi, E. Haber, and M.-E. Lee (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 12139-12146
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Extended Duration of DH-JH Rearrangement in Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Transgenic Mice: Implications for Regulation of Allelic Exclusion.
Y. Chang, M. J. Bosma, and G. C. Bosma (1999)
J. Exp. Med. 189, 1295-1305
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Myogenic Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins and Sp1 Interact as Components of a Multiprotein Transcriptional Complex Required for Activity of the Human Cardiac alpha -Actin Promoter.
E. Biesiada, Y. Hamamori, L. Kedes, and V. Sartorelli (1999)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 2577-2584
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)