Related Content
Search Google Scholar for:
|
|
Science 19 May 1989: Vol. 244. no. 4906, pp. 811 - 813 DOI: 10.1126/science.2524876
|
|
Articles
Science, Vol 244, Issue 4906, 811-813
Copyright © 1989 by American Association for the Advancement of Science
V beta-specific stimulation of human T cells by staphylococcal toxins
J Kappler,
B Kotzin,
L Herron,
EW Gelfand,
RD Bigler,
A Boylston,
S Carrel,
DN Posnett,
Y Choi,
and
P Marrack
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Denver, CO.
The staphylococcal toxins are responsible for a number of diseases in man and other animals. Many of them have also long been known to be powerful T cell stimulants. They do not, however, stimulate all T cells. On the contrary, each toxin reacts with human T cells bearing particular V beta sequences as part of their receptors for major histocompatibility complex protein-associated antigen. The specificity of these toxins for V beta s puts them in the recently described class of superantigens and may account for the differential sensitivity of different individuals to the toxic effects of these proteins.
THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
- IFN-{gamma}-indoleamine-2,3 dioxygenase acts as a major suppressive factor in 4-1BB-mediated immune suppression in vivo.
- Y. H. Kim, B. K. Choi, W. J. Kang, K. H. Kim, S. W. Kang, A. L. Mellor, D. H. Munn, and B. S. Kwon (2009)
J. Leukoc. Biol.
85, 817-825
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Detuning CD8+ T lymphocytes by down-regulation of the activating receptor NKG2D: role of NKG2D ligands released by activated T cells.
- C. Cerboni, M. Ardolino, A. Santoni, and A. Zingoni (2009)
Blood
113, 2955-2964
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- IFN-{gamma} expression in CD8+ T cells regulated by IL-6 signal is involved in superantigen-mediated CD4+ T cell death.
- T. Atsumi, M. Sato, D. Kamimura, A. Moroi, Y. Iwakura, U. A. K. Betz, A. Yoshimura, M. Nishihara, T. Hirano, and M. Murakami (2009)
Int. Immunol.
21, 73-80
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Dietary Plasma Proteins Modulate the Immune Response of Diffuse Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue in Rats Challenged with Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxin B.
- A. Perez-Bosque, L. Miro, J. Polo, L. Russell, J. Campbell, E. Weaver, J. Crenshaw, and M. Moreto (2008)
J. Nutr.
138, 533-537
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Helicobacter pylori Vacuolating Cytotoxin Inhibits Activation-Induced Proliferation of Human T and B Lymphocyte Subsets.
- V. J. Torres, S. E. VanCompernolle, M. S. Sundrud, D. Unutmaz, and T. L. Cover (2007)
J. Immunol.
179, 5433-5440
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Distribution and Evolution of T-Cell Receptor V{beta} Repertoire on Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Newborn Infants of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected Mothers: Differential Display on CD4 and CD8 T Cells and Effect of HIV Infection.
- W. Borkowsky, S.-H. Chen, and I. Belitskaya-Levy (2007)
Clin. Vaccine Immunol.
14, 1215-1222
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Cutting Edge: Evidence of Direct TCR {alpha}-Chain Interaction with Superantigen.
- N. Pumphrey, A. Vuidepot, B. Jakobsen, G. Forsberg, B. Walse, and K. Lindkvist-Petersson (2007)
J. Immunol.
179, 2700-2704
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B In Vivo Modulates both Gamma Interferon Receptor Expression and Ligand-Induced Activation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1 in T Cells.
- R. Plaza, J. L. Rodriguez-Sanchez, and C. Juarez (2007)
Infect. Immun.
75, 306-313
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Superantigens: Supersignalers?.
- R. Zamoyska (2006)
Sci. STKE
2006, pe45
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- The TCR V{beta} signature of bacterial superantigens spreads with stimulus strength.
- M. Llewelyn, S. Sriskandan, N. Terrazzini, J. Cohen, and D. M. Altmann (2006)
Int. Immunol.
18, 1433-1441
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Staphylococcal Enterotoxin-Like Toxins U2 and V, Two New Staphylococcal Superantigens Arising from Recombination within the Enterotoxin Gene Cluster..
- D. Y. Thomas, S. Jarraud, B. Lemercier, G. Cozon, K. Echasserieau, J. Etienne, M.-L. Gougeon, G. Lina, and F. Vandenesch (2006)
Infect. Immun.
74, 4724-4734
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxin D Is Secreted in Milk and Stimulates Specific Antibody Responses in Cows in the Course of Experimental Intramammary Infection..
- T. Tollersrud, A. H. Kampen, and K. Kenny (2006)
Infect. Immun.
74, 3507-3512
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- The Role of the MHC on Resistance to Group A Streptococci in Mice.
- O. Goldmann, A. Lengeling, J. Bose, H. Bloecker, R. Geffers, G. S. Chhatwal, and E. Medina (2005)
J. Immunol.
175, 3862-3872
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Delayed expansion of a restricted T cell repertoire by low-density TCR ligands.
- P. M. Lavoie, A. R. Dumont, H. McGrath, A.-E. Kernaleguen, and R.-P. Sekaly (2005)
Int. Immunol.
17, 931-941
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Mechanisms of the Natural Reactivity of Lymphocytes from Noninfected Individuals to Membrane-Associated Leishmania infantum Antigens.
- A. Sassi, B. Largueche-Darwaz, A. Collette, A. Six, D. Laouini, P. A. Cazenave, and K. Dellagi (2005)
J. Immunol.
174, 3598-3607
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Specific Inhibitory Action of Anisodamine against a Staphylococcal Superantigenic Toxin, Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin 1 (TSST-1), Leading to Down-Regulation of Cytokine Production and Blocking of TSST-1 Toxicity in Mice.
- S. Nakagawa, K. Kushiya, I. Taneike, K. Imanishi, T. Uchiyama, and T. Yamamoto (2005)
Clin. Vaccine Immunol.
12, 399-408
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Deficiency of CD11b or CD11d Results in Reduced Staphylococcal Enterotoxin-Induced T Cell Response and T Cell Phenotypic Changes.
- H. Wu, J. R. Rodgers, X.-Y. D. Perrard, J. L. Perrard, J. E. Prince, Y. Abe, B. K. Davis, G. Dietsch, C. W. Smith, and C. M. Ballantyne (2004)
J. Immunol.
173, 297-306
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- A Platelet Activating Factor Receptor Antagonist Inhibits Cytokine Production in Human Whole Blood by Bacterial Toxins and Live Bacteria.
- M. Ogata, K. Nandate, T. Kawasaki, C. Kawasaki, M. Ozaki, and A. Shigematsu (2004)
Anesth. Analg.
98, 1767-1772
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- The Effect of Local Anesthetics on Monocyte mCD14 and Human Leukocyte Antigen-DR Expression.
- T. Kawasaki, C. Kawasaki, M. Ogata, and A. Shigematsu (2004)
Anesth. Analg.
98, 1024-9
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- HLA Class II Polymorphisms Determine Responses to Bacterial Superantigens.
- M. Llewelyn, S. Sriskandan, M. Peakman, D. R. Ambrozak, D. C. Douek, W. W. Kwok, J. Cohen, and D. M. Altmann (2004)
J. Immunol.
172, 1719-1726
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Superantigen Stimulation Reveals the Contribution of Lck to Negative Regulation of T Cell Activation.
- G. Criado and J. Madrenas (2004)
J. Immunol.
172, 222-230
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Differential Susceptibility to Staphylococcal Superantigen (SsAg)-Induced Apoptosis of CD4+ T Cells from Atopic Dermatitis Patients and Healthy Subjects: The Inhibitory Effect of IL-4 on SsAg-Induced Apoptosis.
- Y.-T. Lin, C.-T. Wang, C.-T. Hsu, L.-F. Wang, W.-Y. Shau, Y.-H. Yang, and B.-L. Chiang (2003)
J. Immunol.
171, 1102-1108
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Staphylococcal Enterotoxin H Induces V{alpha}-Specific Expansion of T Cells.
- K. Petersson, H. Pettersson, N. J. Skartved, B. Walse, and G. Forsberg (2003)
J. Immunol.
170, 4148-4154
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Ligation of Retinoic Acid Receptor {alpha} Regulates Negative Selection of Thymocytes by Inhibiting Both DNA Binding of nur77 and Synthesis of Bim.
- E. Szegezdi, I. Kiss, A. Simon, B. Blasko, U. Reichert, S. Michel, M. Sandor, L. Fesus, and Z. Szondy (2003)
J. Immunol.
170, 3577-3584
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Superantigenic activity is responsible for induction of coronary arteritis in mice: an animal model of Kawasaki disease.
- T. T. Duong, E. D. Silverman, M. V. Bissessar, and R. S. M. Yeung (2003)
Int. Immunol.
15, 79-89
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Temporal Sequence and Kinetics of Proinflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion Induced by Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin 1 in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.
- W. W. S. Kum, S. B. Cameron, R. W. Y. Hung, S. Kalyan, and A. W. Chow (2001)
Infect. Immun.
69, 7544-7549
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- IL-3 Induces B7.2 (CD86) Expression and Costimulatory Activity in Human Eosinophils.
- J. Celestin, O. Rotschke, K. Falk, N. Ramesh, H. Jabara, J. Strominger, and R. S. Geha (2001)
J. Immunol.
167, 6097-6104
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- In vivo staphylococcal superantigen-driven polyclonal Ig responses in mice: dependence upon CD4+ cells and human MHC class II.
- W. Stohl, D. Xu, S. Zang, K. S. Kim, L. Li, J. A. Hanson, S. A. Stohlman, C. S. David, and C. O. Jacob (2001)
Int. Immunol.
13, 1291-1300
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Role of Endogenous Interleukin-12 in Immune Response to Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B in Mice.
- F. N. Lauw, S. Florquin, P. Speelman, S. J. H. van Deventer, and T. van der Poll (2001)
Infect. Immun.
69, 5949-5952
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Effects of Superantigen and Lipopolysaccharide on Induction of CD80 through Apoptosis of Human Monocytes.
- M. Takahashi, M. Takahashi, F. Shinohara, H. Takada, and H. Rikiishi (2001)
Infect. Immun.
69, 3652-3657
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Superantigen antagonist blocks Th1 cytokine gene induction and lethal shock.
- G. Arad, D. Hillman, R. Levy, and R. Kaempfer (2001)
J. Leukoc. Biol.
69, 921-927
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Fibronectin Binding Protein A of Staphylococcus aureus Can Mediate Human T Lymphocyte Adhesion and Coactivation.
- Y. J. Miyamoto, E. R. Wann, T. Fowler, E. Duffield, M. Hook, and B. W. McIntyre (2001)
J. Immunol.
166, 5129-5138
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Biochemical and Biological Properties of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin K.
- P. M. Orwin, D. Y. M. Leung, H. L. Donahue, R. P. Novick, and P. M. Schlievert (2001)
Infect. Immun.
69, 360-366
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Superantigen-Induced CD4 T Cell Tolerance Mediated by Myeloid Cells and IFN-{gamma}.
- L. S. Cauley, E. E. Miller, M. Yen, and S. L. Swain (2000)
J. Immunol.
165, 6056-6066
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Identification of a Novel Gene Cluster Encoding Staphylococcal Exotoxin-Like Proteins: Characterization of the Prototypic Gene and Its Protein Product, SET1.
- R. J. Williams, J. M. Ward, B. Henderson, S. Poole, B. P. O'Hara, M. Wilson, and S. P. Nair (2000)
Infect. Immun.
68, 4407-4415
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Pathogenesis of Group A Streptococcal Infections.
- M. W. Cunningham (2000)
Clin. Microbiol. Rev.
13, 470-511
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Recombinant Staphylococcus aureus Exfoliative Toxins Are Not Bacterial Superantigens.
- L. R. W. Plano, D. M. Gutman, M. Woischnik, and C. M. Collins (2000)
Infect. Immun.
68, 3048-3052
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Encephalomyelitis-associated antimyelin autoreactivity induced by streptococcal exotoxins.
- P. G. Jorens, A. VanderBorght, B. Ceulemans, H. P. Van Bever, L. L. Bossaert, M. Ieven, H. Goossens, P. M. Parizel, H. Van Dijk, J. Raus, et al. (2000)
Neurology
54, 1433-1441
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A Acts through Nitric Oxide Synthase Mechanisms in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells To Stimulate Synthesis of Pyrogenic Cytokines.
- S.-J. Won, W.-T. Huang, Y.-S. Lai, and M.-T. Lin (2000)
Infect. Immun.
68, 2003-2008
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Systemic Activation and Antigen-Driven Oligoclonal Expansion of T Cells in a Mouse Model of Colitis.
- J. L. Matsuda, L. Gapin, B. C. Sydora, F. Byrne, S. Binder, M. Kronenberg, and R. Aranda (2000)
J. Immunol.
164, 2797-2806
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Viral IL-10 and Soluble TNF Receptor Act Synergistically to Inhibit Collagen-Induced Arthritis Following Adenovirus- Mediated Gene Transfer.
- K.-N. Kim, S. Watanabe, Y. Ma, S. Thornton, E. H. Giannini, and R. Hirsch (2000)
J. Immunol.
164, 1576-1581
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Production of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha in Human T Lymphocytes by Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Correlates with Toxin-Induced Proliferation and Is Regulated through Protein Kinase C.
- Z. Yan, D. C. H. Yang, R. Neill, and M. Jett (1999)
Infect. Immun.
67, 6611-6618
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Clinical, Microbial, and Biochemical Aspects of the Exfoliative Toxins Causing Staphylococcal Scalded-Skin Syndrome.
- S. Ladhani, C. L. Joannou, D. P. Lochrie, R. W. Evans, and S. M. Poston (1999)
Clin. Microbiol. Rev.
12, 224-242
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Selective Induction of CD8+ Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Effector Function by Staphylococcus Enterotoxin B.
- C. L. Fuller and V. L. Braciale (1998)
J. Immunol.
161, 5179-5186
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Primes Cytokine Secretion and Lytic Activity in Response to Native Bacterial Antigens.
- K. M. Mason, T. D. Dryden, N. J. Bigley, and P. S. Fink (1998)
Infect. Immun.
66, 5082-5088
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Production of antibodies to staphylococcal superantigens in atopic dermatitis • Commentary.
- D E Campbell, A S Kemp;, and C. A MICHIE (1998)
Arch. Dis. Child.
79, 400-404
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
- Selective Accumulation of Related CD4+ T Cell Clones in the Synovial Fluid of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.
- C. C. Striebich, M. T. Falta, Y. Wang, J. Bill, and B. L. Kotzin (1998)
J. Immunol.
161, 4428-4436
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Superantigen-Driven, CD8+ T Cell-Mediated Down-Regulation: CD95 (Fas)-Dependent Down-Regulation of Human Ig Responses Despite CD95-Independent Killing of Activated B Cells.
- W. Stohl, D. H. Lynch, G. C. Starling, and P. A. Kiener (1998)
J. Immunol.
161, 3292-3298
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Macrophage migration inhibitory factor is a critical mediator of the activation of immune cells by exotoxins of Gram-positive bacteria.
- T. Calandra, L. A. Spiegel, C. N. Metz, and R. Bucala (1998)
PNAS
95, 11383-11388
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy : A Superantigen-Driven Autoimmune Disease.
- P. Luppi, W. A. Rudert, M. M. Zanone, G. Stassi, G. Trucco, D. Finegold, G. J. Boyle, P. D. Nido, F. X. McGowan Jr, and M. Trucco (1998)
Circulation
98, 777-785
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exoenzyme S Is a Mitogen but Not a Superantigen for Human T Lymphocytes.
- T. F. Bruno, D. E. Buser, R. M. Syme, D. E. Woods, and C. H. Mody (1998)
Infect. Immun.
66, 3072-3079
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Expansions of T-cell Subsets Expressing Particular T-cell Receptor Variable Regions in Chronic Beryllium Disease.
- A. P. Fontenot, B. L. Kotzin, C. E. Comment, and L. S. Newman (1998)
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol.
18, 581-589
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
- {alpha}{beta} T Cell Response to Toxoplasma gondii in Previously Unexposed Individuals.
- C. S. Subauste, F. Fuh, R. de Waal Malefyt, and J. S. Remington (1998)
J. Immunol.
160, 3403-3411
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Structural Dichotomy of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin C Superantigens Leading to MHC Class II-Independent Activation of T Lymphocytes.
- J. G. Lamphear, G. A. Bohach, and R. R. Rich (1998)
J. Immunol.
160, 2107-2114
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 and Leukocyte Function-Associated Antigen-3 Provide Costimulation for Superantigen-Induced T Lymphocyte Proliferation in the Absence of a Specific Presenting Molecule.
- J. G. Lamphear, K. R. Stevens, and R. R. Rich (1998)
J. Immunol.
160, 615-623
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Separation of Function Between the Domains of Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1.
- J. L. Wahlsten and S. Ramakrishnan (1998)
J. Immunol.
160, 854-859
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Clinical Recognition and Management of Patients Exposed to Biological Warfare Agents.
- D. R. Franz, P. B. Jahrling, A. M. Friedlander, D. J. McClain, D. L. Hoover, W. R. Bryne, J. A. Pavlin, G. W. Christopher, and E. M. Eitzen Jr (1997)
JAMA
278, 399-411
| Abstract »
| PDF »
- Transferable Anergy: Superantigen Treatment Induces CD4+ T Cell Tolerance That Is Reversible and Requires CD4-CD8- Cells and Interferon {gamma}.
- L. S. Cauley, K. A. Cauley, F. Shub, G. Huston, and S. L. Swain (1997)
J. Exp. Med.
186, 71-81
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Transcytosis of Staphylococcal Superantigen Toxins.
- A. R. A. Hamad, P. Marrack, and J. W. Kappler (1997)
J. Exp. Med.
185, 1447-1454
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Paracrine Transfer of Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Superantigen.
- M. Delcourt, J. Thibodeau, F. Denis, and R.-P. Sekaly (1997)
J. Exp. Med.
185, 471-480
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Cell-Mediated Immune System Regulation in Periodontal Diseases.
- A. Mathur and B.S. Michalowicz (1997)
Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine
8, 76-89
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Apoptosis but Not Other Activation Events Is Inhibited by a Mutation in the Transmembrane Domain of T Cell Receptor beta That Impairs CD3zeta Association.
- G. Rodriguez-Tarduchy, A. G. Sahuquillo, B. Alarcon, and R. Bragado (1996)
J. Biol. Chem.
271, 30417-30425
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
- Superantigens: Do They Have a Role in Skin Diseases?.
- L. Skov and O. Baadsgaard (1995)
Arch Dermatol
131, 829-832
| Abstract »
| PDF »
- Superantigen-dependent, cell-mediated cytotoxicity inhibited by MHC class I receptors on T lymphocytes.
- J. Phillips, J. Gumperz, P Parham, and L. Lanier (1995)
Science
268, 403-405
| Abstract »
| PDF »
- Multifactorial nature of human immunodeficiency virus disease: implications for therapy.
- A. Fauci (1993)
Science
262, 1011-1018
| Abstract »
| PDF »
- The Immunopathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.
- G. Pantaleo, C. Graziosi, and A. S. Fauci (1993)
N. Engl. J. Med.
328, 327-335
| Full Text »
- Selective depletion in HIV infection of T cells that bear specific T cell receptor V beta sequences.
- L Imberti, A Sottini, A Bettinardi, M Puoti, and D Primi (1991)
Science
254, 860-862
| Abstract »
| PDF »
- Evidence for the effects of a superantigen in rheumatoid arthritis.
- X Paliard, S. West, J. Lafferty, Clements JR, J. Kappler, P Marrack, and B. Kotzin (1991)
Science
253, 325-329
| Abstract »
| PDF »
- Autoimmune diseases: the failure of self tolerance.
- A. Sinha, M. Lopez, and H. McDevitt (1990)
Science
248, 1380-1388
| Abstract »
| PDF »
- The staphylococcal enterotoxins and their relatives.
- P Marrack and J Kappler (1990)
Science
248, 705-711
| Abstract »
| PDF »
- Thymic requirement for clonal deletion during T cell development.
- A. Fry, L. Jones, A. Kruisbeek, and L. Matis (1989)
Science
246, 1044-1046
| Abstract »
| PDF »
- A Third Set of Genes Regulates Thymic Selection.
- E. Palmer, D.L. Woodland, M.P. Happ, J. Bill, and O. Kanagawa (1989)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol
54, 135-145
| Abstract »
| PDF »
- T-cell Recognition of Superantigens: Inside or Outside the Groove?.
- P. Dellabona, J. Peccoud, C. Benoist, and D. Mathis (1989)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol
54, 375-381
| Abstract »
| PDF »
- Consequences of Self and Foreign Superantigen Interaction with Specific V{beta} Elements of the Murine TCR{alpha}{beta}.
- J.W. Kappler, A. Pullen, J. Callahan, Y. Choi, A. Herman, J. White, W. Potts, E. Wakeland, and P. Marrack (1989)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol
54, 401-407
| Abstract »
| PDF »
- Alternative Self or Nonself Recognition of an Antigen Expressed in a Rare Cell Type in Transgenic Mice: Implications for Self-tolerance and Autoimmunity.
- D. Hanahan, C. Jolicoeur, S. Alpert, and J. Skowronski (1989)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol
54, 821-835
| Abstract »
| PDF »
- Structural and Functional Role of Threonine 112 in a Superantigen Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxin B.
- M. D. Baker, A. C. Papageorgiou, R. W. Titball, J. Miller, S. White, B. Lingard, J. J. Lee, D. Cavanagh, M. A. Kehoe, J. H. Robinson, et al. (2002)
J. Biol. Chem.
277, 2756-2762
| Abstract »
| Full Text »
| PDF »
|
|