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Science 28 April 1989:
Vol. 244. no. 4903, pp. 471 - 475
DOI: 10.1126/science.2655084
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Articles

Science, Vol 244, Issue 4903, 471-475
Copyright © 1989 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

High rate of HTLV-II infection in seropositive i.v. drug abusers in New Orleans

H Lee, P Swanson, VS Shorty, JA Zack, JD Rosenblatt, and IS Chen

Diagnostics Division, Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL 60064.

Confirmed infection with HTLV-II (human T cell leukemia virus type II) has been described only in rare cases. The major limitation to serological diagnosis of HTLV-II has been the difficulty of distinguishing HTLV-II from HTLV-I (human T cell leukemia virus type I) infection, because of substantial cross-reactivity between the viruses. A sensitive modification of the polymerase chain reaction method was used to provide unambiguous molecular evidence that a significant proportion of intravenous drug abusers are infected with HTLV, and the majority of these individuals are infected with HTLV-II rather than HTLV-I. Of 23 individuals confirmed by polymerase chain reaction analysis to be infected with HTLV, 21 were identified to be infected with HTLV-II, and 2 were infected with HTLV-I. Molecular identification of an HTLV-II--infected population provides an opportunity to investigate the pathogenicity of HTLV-II in humans.


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
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M. DE LOS ANGELES PANDO, M. M. BIGLIONE, M. F. TOSCANO, J. A. REY, K. L. RUSSELL, M. NEGRETE, S. GIANNI, L. MARTINEZ-PERALTA, H. SALOMON, S. SOSA-ESTANI, et al. (2004)
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A. Machuca, C. Tuset, V. Soriano, E. Caballero, A. Aguilera, and R. O. de Lejarazu (2000)
Sex Transm Inf 76, 366-370
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Different population dynamics of human T cell lymphotropic virus type II in intravenous drug users compared with endemically infected tribes.
M. Salemi, M. Lewis, J. F. Egan, W. W. Hall, J. Desmyter, and A.-M. Vandamme (1999)
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Identification of a Domain within the Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 2 Envelope Required for Syncytium Induction and Replication.
B. Poon and I. S. Y. Chen (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 1959-1966
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Human T-Lymphocyte Transformation with Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 2.
S. L. Tarsis, M.-T. Yu, E. S. Parks, D. Persaud, J. L. Munoz, and W. P. Parks (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 841-846
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Variable Immortalizing Potential and Frequent Virus Latency in Blood-Derived T-Cell Clones Infected With Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type I.
J.H. Richardson, P. Hollsberg, A. Windhagen, L.A. Child, D.A. Hafler, and A.M.L. Lever (1997)
Blood 89, 3303-3314
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Safety of the Blood Supply.
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Clearance of HIV Infection in a Perinatally Infected Infant.
Y. J. Bryson, S. Pang, L. S. Wei, R. Dickover, A. Diagne, and I. S.Y. Chen (1995)
N. Engl. J. Med. 332, 833-838
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HIV, HTLV-I, and CD4+ Lymphocytes: Troubles in the Relationship.
P. A. Volberding (1994)
JAMA 271, 392-393
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Pathogenesis of Diseases Induced by Human Lymphotropic Virus Type I Infection.
P. Hollsberg and D. A. Hafler (1993)
N. Engl. J. Med. 328, 1173-1182
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Idiopathic CD4+ T-Lymphocytopenia -- Immunodeficiency without Evidence of HIV Infection.
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Transmission of Retroviruses from Seronegative Donors by Transfusion during Cardiac Surgery: A Multicenter Study of HIV-1 and HTLV-I/II Infections.
K. E. Nelson, J. G. Donahue, A. Munoz, N. D. Cohen, P. M. Ness, A. Teague, V. A. Stambolis, D. H. Yawn, B. Callicott, H. McAllister, et al. (1992)
Ann Intern Med 117, 554-559
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The Impact of Human T-Lymphotrophic Virus Type I/II Infection on the Prognosis of Sexually Acquired Cases of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.
E. Gotuzzo, J. Escamilla, I. A. Phillips, J. Sanchez, F. S. Wignall, and J. Antigoni (1992)
Arch Intern Med 152, 1429-1432
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Evidence for Sexual Transmission of Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type II.
B. Hjelle, S. Cyrus, and S. G. Swenson (1992)
Ann Intern Med 116, 90-91
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Viruses in human cancers.
H zur Hausen (1991)
Science 254, 1167-1173
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Transmission of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Types I and II by Blood Transfusion: A Retrospective Study of Recipients of Blood Components (1983 Through 1988).
M. T. Sullivan, A. E. Williams, C. T. Fang, T. Grandinetti, B. J. Poiesz, G. D. Ehrlich, and The American Red Cross HTLV-I/II Collaborative Stu (1991)
Arch Intern Med 151, 2043-2048
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HTLV Seroreactivity in Italian Intravenous Drug Addicts Is Primarily due to HTLV-II Infection.
O. E. Varnier, F. Lillo, S. S. Alexander, R. M. Forbis, and A. Lazzarin (1991)
JAMA 265, 597
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No Evidence for Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type I or Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type II Infection in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis.
A. Perl, K. Nagy, T. Pazmany, C. Isaacs, K. Baraczka, T. Szabo, and J. Feher (1990)
Arch Neurol 47, 1061-1063
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Failure to Detect Human T-cell Leukemia Virus-Related Sequences in Multiple Sclerosis Blood.
I. S. Y. Chen, A. M. Haislip, L. W. Myers, G. W. Ellison, and J. E. Merrill (1990)
Arch Neurol 47, 1064-1065
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Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV I-II) Infection among Patients in an Inner-City Emergency Department.
G. D. Kelen, T. A. DiGiovanna, L. Lofy, E. Junkins, A. Stein, K. T. Sivertson, M. Lairmore, and T. C. Quinn (1990)
Ann Intern Med 113, 368-372
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Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for HTLV-I/II Infection Among Female Prostitutes in the United States.
R. F. Khabbaz, W. W. Darrow, T. M. Hartley, J. Witte, J. B. Cohen, J. French, P. S. Gill, J. Potterat, R. K. Sikes, R. Reich, et al. (1990)
JAMA 263, 60-64
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Human T-Lymphotrophic Viruses and Diseases of Long Latency.
W. A. Blattner (1989)
Ann Intern Med 111, 4-6
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