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Science 2 September 1988:
Vol. 241. no. 4870, pp. 1192 - 1197
DOI: 10.1126/science.3413483
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Articles

Science, Vol 241, Issue 4870, 1192-1197
Copyright © 1988 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Functional cooperativity between transcription factors UBF1 and SL1 mediates human ribosomal RNA synthesis

SP Bell, RM Learned, HM Jantzen, and R Tjian

Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley 94720.

The human ribosomal RNA promoter contains two distinct control elements (UCE and core) both of which are recognized by the sequence-specific DNA binding protein UBF1, which has now been purified to apparent homogeneity. The purified factor activates RNA polymerase I (RNA pol I) transcription through direct interactions with either control element. A second RNA pol I transcription factor, designated SL1, participates in the promoter recognition process and is required to reconstitute transcription in vitro. Although SL1 alone has no sequence-specific DNA binding activity, deoxyribonuclease I footprinting experiments reveal that a cooperative interaction between UBF1 and SL1 leads to the formation of a new protein-DNA complex at the UCE and core elements. In vitro transcription experiments indicate that formation of the UBF1-SL1 complex is vital for transcriptional activation by UBF1. Thus, protein-protein interactions between UBF1 and SL1 are required for targeting of SL1 to cis-control sequences of the promoter.


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Association of the nucleolar transcription factor UBF with the transcriptionally inactive rRNA genes of pronuclei and early Xenopus embryos.
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Specific Interaction between Human Kinetochore Protein CENP-C and a Nucleolar Transcriptional Regulator.
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Multiprotein transcription factor UAF interacts with the upstream element of the yeast RNA polymerase I promoter and forms a stable preinitiation complex..
D A Keys, B S Lee, J A Dodd, T T Nguyen, L Vu, E Fantino, L M Burson, Y Nogi, and M Nomura (1996)
Genes & Dev. 10, 887-903
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Science 270, 1506-1509
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Angiotensin II-induced Hypertrophy of Rat Vascular Smooth Muscle Is Associated with Increased 18 S rRNA Synthesis and Phosphorylation of the rRNA Transcription Factor, Upstream Binding Factor.
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Characterization of the Components of Reconstituted Saccharomyces cerevisiae RNA Polymerase I Transcription Complexes.
D. L. Riggs, C. L. Peterson, J. Q. Wickham, L. M. Miller, E. M. Clarke, J. A. Crowell, and J.-C. Sergere (1995)
J. Biol. Chem. 270, 6205-6210
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Reconstitution of transcription factor SL1: exclusive binding of TBP by SL1 or TFIID subunits.
L Comai, J. Zomerdijk, H Beckmann, S Zhou, A Admon, and R Tjian (1994)
Science 266, 1966-1972
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RRN6 and RRN7 encode subunits of a multiprotein complex essential for the initiation of rDNA transcription by RNA polymerase I in Saccharomyces cerevisiae..
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Genes & Dev. 8, 2349-2362
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Architectural transcription factors.
A. Wolffe (1994)
Science 264, 1100-1101
   PDF »
Short-range DNA looping by the Xenopus HMG-box transcription factor, xUBF.
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Science 264, 1134-1137
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TBP, a universal eukaryotic transcription factor?.
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Genes & Dev. 7, 1291-1308
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Localization of the RNA polymerase I transcription factor hUBF during the cell cycle.
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Coactivators and TAFs: A New Class of Eukaryotic Transcription Factors That Connect Activators to the Basal Machinery.
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Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 58, 179-185
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J. Cell Sci. 103, 1053-1063
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A yeast TFIIB-related factor involved in RNA polymerase III transcription..
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Genes & Dev. 6, 1940-1949
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Multiple domains of the RNA polymerase I activator hUBF interact with the TATA-binding protein complex hSL1 to mediate transcription..
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Genes & Dev. 6, 1950-1963
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xUBF contains a novel dimerization domain essential for RNA polymerase I transcription..
B McStay, M W Frazier, and R H Reeder (1991)
Genes & Dev. 5, 1957-1968
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Similarity of human mitochondrial transcription factor 1 to high mobility group proteins.
M. Parisi and D. Clayton (1991)
Science 252, 965-969
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Assembly of alternative multiprotein complexes directs rRNA promoter selectivity..
S P Bell, H M Jantzen, and R Tjian (1990)
Genes & Dev. 4, 943-954
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A transcription factor, TFIS, interacts with both the promoter and enhancer of the Xenopus rRNA genes..
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Genes & Dev. 3, 1768-1778
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The Xenopus ribosomal gene enhancers bind an essential polymerase I transcription factor, xUBF..
C S Pikaard, B McStay, M C Schultz, S P Bell, and R H Reeder (1989)
Genes & Dev. 3, 1779-1788
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Cloning and expression of AP-2, a cell-type-specific transcription factor that activates inducible enhancer elements..
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Genes & Dev. 2, 1557-1569
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RNA polymerase I transcription factor Rrn3 is functionally conserved between yeast and human.
B. Moorefield, E. A. Greene, and R. H. Reeder (2000)
PNAS 97, 4724-4729
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