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Science 29 July 1988:
Vol. 241. no. 4865, pp. 540 - 545
DOI: 10.1126/science.3399889

Articles

Science, Vol 241, Issue 4865, 540-545
Copyright © 1988 by American Association for the Advancement of Science


articles

Social relationships and health

JS House, KR Landis, and D Umberson

Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109.

Recent scientific work has established both a theoretical basis and strong empirical evidence for a causal impact of social relationships on health. Prospective studies, which control for baseline health status, consistently show increased risk of death among persons with a low quantity, and sometimes low quality, of social relationships. Experimental and quasi-experimental studies of humans and animals also suggest that social isolation is a major risk factor for mortality from widely varying causes. The mechanisms through which social relationships affect health and the factors that promote or inhibit the development and maintenance of social relationships remain to be explored.


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