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Science 22 July 1988:
Vol. 241. no. 4864, pp. 426 - 432
DOI: 10.1126/science.3293212
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Articles

Science, Vol 241, Issue 4864, 426-432
Copyright © 1988 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Development and testing of AIDS vaccines

WC Koff and DF Hoth

Vaccine Research and Development Branch, AIDS Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892.

Recent advances in delineating the molecular biology of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) have led to innovative approaches to development of a vaccine for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, the lack of understanding of mechanisms of protective immunity against HIV-1, the magnitude of genetic variation of the virus, and the lack of effective animal models for HIV-1 infection and AIDS have impeded progress. The testing of AIDS vaccines also presents challenges. These include liability concerns over vaccine-related injuries; identification of suitable populations for phase 3 efficacy studies; balancing the ethical obligation to counsel research subjects to avoid high-risk behavior with the necessity to obtain vaccine efficacy data; and the effect of vaccine-induced seroconversion on the recruiting and welfare of trial volunteers. Several candidate AIDS vaccines are nevertheless currently under development, and some are undergoing phase 1 clinical trials. Rapid progress will depend on continued scientific advancement in conjunction with maximum use of resources, open information and reagent exchange, and a spirit of international collaboration.


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