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Science 8 July 1988:
Vol. 241. no. 4862, pp. 177 - 181
DOI: 10.1126/science.241.4862.177
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Articles

Topographically Controlled Fronts in the Ocean and Their Biological Influence

ERIC WOLANSKI 1 and WILLIAM M. HAMNER 2

1 Australian Institute of Marine Science, P.M.B. No. 3, Townsville, M.C., Queensland, 4810 Australia.
2 Department of Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024.

Headlands, islands, and reefs generate complex three-dimensional secondary flows that result in physical and biological fronts. Mixing and diffusion processes near these reefs and headlands are quite different from these processes in the open sea, and classical advection-diffusion models that were developed for the open sea are not valid near shore. Topographically generated fronts affect the distribution of sediments, and they aggregate waterborne eggs, larvae, and plankton. This aggregation influences the distribution and density of benthic assemblages and of pelagic secondary and tertiary predators.


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