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Science 10 June 1988:
Vol. 240. no. 4858, pp. 1525 - 1529
DOI: 10.1126/science.3375832
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Articles

Science, Vol 240, Issue 4858, 1525-1529
Copyright © 1988 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

West African HIV-2-related human retrovirus with attenuated cytopathicity

LI Kong, SW Lee, JC Kappes, JS Parkin, D Decker, JA Hoxie, BH Hahn, and GM Shaw

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.

Clinical and seroepidemiological studies in West Africa indicate that human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) is widespread and associated with immunodeficiency states of variable degree. In this study, an isolate of HIV-2 from a patient in Senegal was molecularly cloned and characterized. This isolate (HIV-2ST) was shown by hybridization and restriction enzyme analysis to be more related to the prototype HIV-2ROD than to other human or primate retroviruses. Cultures of HIV-2ST showed genotypic polymorphism, and clones of the virus had transmembrane envelope glycoproteins of 30 and 42 kilodaltons. Unlike other immunodeficiency viruses, HIV-2ST did not cause cell death or induce cell fusion in peripheral blood lymphocytes or in any of four CD4+ cell lines tested. Although HIV-2ST entered cells by a CD4-dependent mechanism and replicated actively, cell-free transmission of the virus was retarded at the level of cell entry. These findings suggest that immunodeficiency viruses prevalent in West African populations are members of the HIV-2 virus group and that certain strains of this virus have attenuated virulence.


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